Green Economy in Sustainable Development: An Analysis for OECD Countries

Year 2023, Volume: 73 Issue: 1, 231 - 260, 26.06.2023

Adem Babacan , Mehmet Ali Polat , Oktay Kızılkaya

https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2022-1191901

Abstract

The understanding of the green economy, which is seen as the main strategy of sustainable development, is considered a remedy to eliminate the concerns between environmental concerns and economic goals. Therefore, measuring and considering the performance of countries in the context of the green economy is important in terms of policies to be implemented. The aim of the study is to measure and evaluate the green economy performance of the 20 founding OECD countries. In this context, a green economy index covering the years 2014-2018 was calculated based on the numerical data of 23 variables, which are thought to represent three different dimensions of the green economy. The contributions of these criteria to the green economy were weighted with the SWARA Method, one of the multi-criteria decision techniques. Using the obtained criteria weights, the green economy performance scores of the countries were determined through the TOPSIS Method. According to the scores obtained, it can be stated that the green economy performances of the 20 founding OECD countries increased in the examined period. In this performance increase, positive developments in economic and social indicators have a large share.

Keywords

Sustainable development, Green economy, SWARA, TOPSIS, Green economy index

Sürdürülebilir Kalkınmada Yeşil Ekonomi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Bir Analiz

Abstract

Sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temel stratejisi olarak görülen yeşil ekonomi anlayışı, çevresel kaygılar ile ekonomik hedefler arasındaki endişeleri yok edecek bir çare olarak değerlendirilmektedir. O halde, ülkelerin, yeşil ekonomi bağlamında performanslarının ölçülmesi ve dikkate alınması uygulanacak politikalar açısından oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmanın amacı, 20 kurucu OECD ülkesinin yeşil ekonomi performansını ölçmek ve değerlendirmektir. Bu bağlamda, yeşil ekonominin üç farklı boyutunu temsil ettiği düşünülen 23 değişkene ilişkin sayısal verilerden hareketle 2014-2018 yılları arasını kapsayan bir yeşil ekonomi endeksi hesaplanmıştır. Bu kriterlerin yeşil ekonomiye katkısının ağırlıklandırılması, çok kriterli karar tekniklerinden SWARA Metodu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen kriter ağırlıklarından faydalanılarak TOPSIS Metodu aracılığıyla ülkelerin yeşil ekonomi performans skorları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen skorlara göre, 20 kurucu OECD ülkesinde ele alınan dönemdeki yeşil ekonomi performansının arttığı ifade edilebilir. Bu performans artışında, ekonomik ve sosyal göstergelerdeki olumlu gelişmelerin payı büyüktür.

Keywords

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, Yeşil ekonomi, SWARA, TOPSIS, Yeşil ekonomi endeksi

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