Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

ÇİN'İN ENERJİ TEMİNİNDE İRAN'IN ROLÜ

Year 2023, , 122 - 131, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8378067

Abstract

Çin'in Orta Doğu'daki etkisi son dönemde dikkatleri üzerine çekmeye başladı.Basra Körfezi'nin stratejik önemi, çoğunlukla bölgenin muazzam petrol ve gaz kaynaklarından kaynaklanmaktadır.Dünyanın en büyük ikinci ekonomisi olan Çin, bölgedeki ekonomik, siyasi ve jeopolitik çıkarlarını aktif olarak sürdürüyor. İran'ın çok büyük petrol ve gaz rezervleri var ama ağır uluslararası yaptırımlar nedeniyle bunları satamıyor. Ancak ek kısıtlamalara rağmen Çin, İran'ın ana petrol müşterisi ve ticari ortağı olmaya devam ediyor. Bu makale, Çin'in enerji güvenliğini sağlamada İran'ın enerji kaynaklarının önemini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.Bu makale, Çin'in sanayi devriminden sonra iki ülke arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyerek bu konumu analiz etmektedir.

References

  • Aizhu, & Lawler. (2022, March 2). China buys more Iranian oil now than it did before sanctions, data shows. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-buys-more-iranian-oil-now-than-it-did-before-sanctions-data-shows-2022-03-01/
  • Alterman, J. B. (2017). the Other side of the World: China, the United States, and the Struggle for Middle East Security. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep23265
  • Belal. (2020). China-Iran Relations: Prospects and Complexities. Policy Perspectives. Policy Perspectives, 17(2), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.13169/polipers.17.2.0047
  • Conduit, & Akbarzadeh. (2019). Great Power-Middle Power Dynamics: The Case of China and Iran. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY CHINA, 28(117), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2018.1542225
  • Cornelius, & Story. (2007). Chin and Global Energy Markets. Orbis, 51(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2006.10.002
  • Cox. (1995). International Political Economy: Understanding Global Disorder (Hettne, Ed.). Zed Books; Cased Ed edition.
  • Dawi. (n.d.). Iran Boosts Cheap Oil Sale to China Despite Sanctions. VOA NEWS ON IRAN. Retrieved January 26, 2023, from https://www.voanews.com/a/iran-boosts-cheap-oil-sale-to-china-despite-sanctions-/6935635.html
  • Devonshire-Ellis. (2023, February 12). China’s 2023 Trade and Investment with Iran: Development Trends. Silkroadbriefing. https://www.silkroadbriefing.com/news/2023/02/08/chinas-2023-trade-and-investment-with-iran-development-trends/
  • Dorraj, M., & Currier, C. L. (n.d.). Lubricated With Oil: Iran-China Relations in a Changing World. Middle East Policy Council. Retrieved from https://mepc.org/journal/lubricated-oil-iran-china-relations-changing-world
  • Garlick, & Havlová. (2020). The dragon dithers: assessing the cautious implementation of China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Iran. Eurasian Geography and Economics. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1822197
  • Garver. (2011). Is china playing a dual game in Iran? . Center for Strategic and International Studies the Washington Quarterly, 34(1), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2011.538296
  • Gilpin. (2001, March 12). Global Political Economy: Understanding the International Economic Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Harries, O. (2005). Power, Morality, and Foreign Policy. Orbis, 49(4), 599-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2005.07.004
  • Hu, X., He, L., & Cui, Q. (2021). How Do International Conflicts Impact China’s Energy Security and Economic Growth? A Case Study of the US Economic Sanctions on Iran. Sustainability, 13(12), 6903. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126903
  • Iran’s Oil and Its Biggest Consumers - The Warsaw Institute Review. (2023, May 24). The Warsaw Institute Review. https://warsawinstitute.review/news-en/irans-oils-and-its-biggest-consumers/
  • Jian. (2009). China’s Energy Security: Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities. The Brookings Institution, 1–32.
  • Klare. (2004, January 1). Blood and oil: the dangers and consequences of America’s growing dependency on imported petroleum.
  • Luttwak, E. N. (1990). From Geopolitics to Geo-Economics: Logic of Conflict, Grammar of Commerce. The National Interest, 20, 17–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42894676
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2001, November 1). The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. https://doi.org/10.1604/9780393020250
  • Shadivand. (2010). China’s future energy security. Energy Economy, 135, 25–31.
  • Sotoudefar. (2015). On the Status of Iran’s Oil Trade with China in Pre- Nuclear Deal. International Economic Studies, 45(2), 21–32.
  • Sovacool. (2009). "Energy policy and cooperation in Southeast Asia: The history, challenges, and implications of the trans-ASEAN gas pipeline (TAGP) network. Energy Policy, 37(6), 2356–2367.
  • Troush. (1999, September 1). China’s Changing Oil Strategy and its Foreign Policy Implications. https://www.brookings.edu/. Retrieved 2023, from https://www.brookings.edu/articles/chinas-changing-oil-strategy-and-its-foreign-policy-implications/
  • U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, April 9). Country Analysis Brief: Iran. In https://www.ieee.es/en/Galerias/fichero/OtrasPublicaciones/Internacional/2018/EIA_Iran_9abr2018.pdf.
  • U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2022, November 17). Country Analysis Executive Summary: Iran. In https://www.eia.gov/. Retrieved 2023, from https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Iran/pdf/iran_exe.pdf
  • Waltz, K. N. (1979, January 1). Theory of International Politics. https://doi.org/10.1604/9780075548522
  • Wu. (2015). China’s Puzzling Energy Diplomacy Toward Iran. Asian Perspective, 39(1), 47–69. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43738114
  • Yacoubian. (2023, June 23). Iran’s Increasing Reliance on China. https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2019/sep/11/irans-increasing-reliance-china.
  • Yetiv, S. A., & Chunlong Lu. (2007). China, Global Energy, and the Middle East. Middle East Journal, 61(2), 199–218. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4330385

IRAN’S ROLE IN CHINA’S ENERGY SUPPLY

Year 2023, , 122 - 131, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8378067

Abstract

China's influence in the Middle East has drawn increased attention recently. The Persian Gulf's strategic importance is mostly due to the region's massive oil and gas resources. As the second largest economy in the world, China is actively pursuing its economic, political, and geopolitical interests in the area. Iran has huge oil and gas reserves but cannot sell them because of severe international sanctions. However, despite additional restrictions, China continues to be Iran's main oil customer and commercial partner. The purpose of this article is to examine the importance of Iran's energy resources in providing China's energy security. This article analyses this position by examining the relations between the two countries after China's industrial revolution.

References

  • Aizhu, & Lawler. (2022, March 2). China buys more Iranian oil now than it did before sanctions, data shows. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-buys-more-iranian-oil-now-than-it-did-before-sanctions-data-shows-2022-03-01/
  • Alterman, J. B. (2017). the Other side of the World: China, the United States, and the Struggle for Middle East Security. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep23265
  • Belal. (2020). China-Iran Relations: Prospects and Complexities. Policy Perspectives. Policy Perspectives, 17(2), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.13169/polipers.17.2.0047
  • Conduit, & Akbarzadeh. (2019). Great Power-Middle Power Dynamics: The Case of China and Iran. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY CHINA, 28(117), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2018.1542225
  • Cornelius, & Story. (2007). Chin and Global Energy Markets. Orbis, 51(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2006.10.002
  • Cox. (1995). International Political Economy: Understanding Global Disorder (Hettne, Ed.). Zed Books; Cased Ed edition.
  • Dawi. (n.d.). Iran Boosts Cheap Oil Sale to China Despite Sanctions. VOA NEWS ON IRAN. Retrieved January 26, 2023, from https://www.voanews.com/a/iran-boosts-cheap-oil-sale-to-china-despite-sanctions-/6935635.html
  • Devonshire-Ellis. (2023, February 12). China’s 2023 Trade and Investment with Iran: Development Trends. Silkroadbriefing. https://www.silkroadbriefing.com/news/2023/02/08/chinas-2023-trade-and-investment-with-iran-development-trends/
  • Dorraj, M., & Currier, C. L. (n.d.). Lubricated With Oil: Iran-China Relations in a Changing World. Middle East Policy Council. Retrieved from https://mepc.org/journal/lubricated-oil-iran-china-relations-changing-world
  • Garlick, & Havlová. (2020). The dragon dithers: assessing the cautious implementation of China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Iran. Eurasian Geography and Economics. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1822197
  • Garver. (2011). Is china playing a dual game in Iran? . Center for Strategic and International Studies the Washington Quarterly, 34(1), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2011.538296
  • Gilpin. (2001, March 12). Global Political Economy: Understanding the International Economic Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Harries, O. (2005). Power, Morality, and Foreign Policy. Orbis, 49(4), 599-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2005.07.004
  • Hu, X., He, L., & Cui, Q. (2021). How Do International Conflicts Impact China’s Energy Security and Economic Growth? A Case Study of the US Economic Sanctions on Iran. Sustainability, 13(12), 6903. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126903
  • Iran’s Oil and Its Biggest Consumers - The Warsaw Institute Review. (2023, May 24). The Warsaw Institute Review. https://warsawinstitute.review/news-en/irans-oils-and-its-biggest-consumers/
  • Jian. (2009). China’s Energy Security: Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities. The Brookings Institution, 1–32.
  • Klare. (2004, January 1). Blood and oil: the dangers and consequences of America’s growing dependency on imported petroleum.
  • Luttwak, E. N. (1990). From Geopolitics to Geo-Economics: Logic of Conflict, Grammar of Commerce. The National Interest, 20, 17–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42894676
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2001, November 1). The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. https://doi.org/10.1604/9780393020250
  • Shadivand. (2010). China’s future energy security. Energy Economy, 135, 25–31.
  • Sotoudefar. (2015). On the Status of Iran’s Oil Trade with China in Pre- Nuclear Deal. International Economic Studies, 45(2), 21–32.
  • Sovacool. (2009). "Energy policy and cooperation in Southeast Asia: The history, challenges, and implications of the trans-ASEAN gas pipeline (TAGP) network. Energy Policy, 37(6), 2356–2367.
  • Troush. (1999, September 1). China’s Changing Oil Strategy and its Foreign Policy Implications. https://www.brookings.edu/. Retrieved 2023, from https://www.brookings.edu/articles/chinas-changing-oil-strategy-and-its-foreign-policy-implications/
  • U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, April 9). Country Analysis Brief: Iran. In https://www.ieee.es/en/Galerias/fichero/OtrasPublicaciones/Internacional/2018/EIA_Iran_9abr2018.pdf.
  • U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2022, November 17). Country Analysis Executive Summary: Iran. In https://www.eia.gov/. Retrieved 2023, from https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Iran/pdf/iran_exe.pdf
  • Waltz, K. N. (1979, January 1). Theory of International Politics. https://doi.org/10.1604/9780075548522
  • Wu. (2015). China’s Puzzling Energy Diplomacy Toward Iran. Asian Perspective, 39(1), 47–69. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43738114
  • Yacoubian. (2023, June 23). Iran’s Increasing Reliance on China. https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2019/sep/11/irans-increasing-reliance-china.
  • Yetiv, S. A., & Chunlong Lu. (2007). China, Global Energy, and the Middle East. Middle East Journal, 61(2), 199–218. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4330385
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects International Trade (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Nazanin Karimimakhsous 0000-0002-2428-9086

Early Pub Date September 26, 2023
Publication Date September 26, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Karimimakhsous, N. (2023). IRAN’S ROLE IN CHINA’S ENERGY SUPPLY. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Dış Ticaret Dergisi, 1(3), 122-131. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8378067