Sustainable Development in Mountainous Areas: Relimitation of Mountain Areas in Giresun Province and A Socio-Economic Analysis

Year 2021, Issue: 43, 1 - 18, 06.01.2022

Yusuf Kızılkan , Saliha Koday

https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2021-850275

Abstract

The integration of sustainability to the concept of development and the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations added another dimension to the relationship between human and environment. The Brundtland Report and Agenda 21 report published in 1987 and 1992, respectively, diversified the mountainous area approaches and they have become a research subject for sustainability research. Studying developmental aspects of sustainability approaches towards mountainous areas and determining their limits have posed challenges since the beginning. Recently, these impediments are overcome by various Geographic Information Systems and criteria for mountainous area relimitations based on environmental and topographic characteristics. However, socio-economic assessments for the mountainous area relimitations are yet to be performed. This article highlights the importance of international and national scale in, several relimitation projects and analysis of Giresun’s mountainous areas focusing on topographical and the socioeconomic characteristics. A three-step approach has been adopted for socio-economic analysis of mountainous areas. The first step is the introduction of the physical integrity of the mountainous areas and the natural environmental conditions. The second is to determine the boundaries of mountainous areas and zones affected by mountainous areas in social and economic terms by adhering to natural conditions. Third, the socio-economic analysis of the mountainous areas in Giresun Province through 11 criteria. An assessment proposal based on socio-economic characteristics regarding human-nature interactions in mountainous areas has been presented, as well. The diversity of aspects that affect the sustainability of mountainous areas is explained with practical examples.

Keywords

Mountainous Area, Socio-Economic Analysis, Giresun Province

Dağlık Alanlarda Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma: Giresun İli Dağlık Alanlarının Sınırlandırılması ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Özellikleriyle Analizi

Abstract

Kalkınma kavramına sürdürülebilirliğin dahil edilmesi ve Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından belirlenen sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri ile insan ve çevre ilişkisi ayrı bir boyut kazanmıştır. 1987’de Brundtland Raporu ve 1992 yılında yayınlanan Gündem 21 raporu ile dağlık alan yaklaşımları çeşitlenmiş ve bu alanlar sürdürülebilirlik yönüyle çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımlarının dağlık alanlardaki kalkınma yönlerinin incelenmesi ve dağlık alanların sınırlarının belirlenmesi geçmişten günümüze zorluklarla karşı karşıyadır. Bu zorluklar günümüzde çeşitli Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve çevre özellikleriyle topografik niteliklere bağlı dağlık alan sınırlamalarına yönelik kriterlerle aşılmaktadır. Ancak oluşturulan dağlık alan sınırlamalarında sosyo-ekonomik özellikler açısından değerlendirmelerde bulunulmamıştır. Bu makale uluslararası ve ulusal ölçekte dağlık alanların önemini ve çeşitli sınırlama çalışmalarını vurgulayarak, Türkiye’de yapılacak olan topografik özellikler temelinde, Sosyo-Ekonomik niteliklere bağlı dağlık alan analizini içermektedir. Bu kapsamda dağlık alanlarda sosyo-ekonomik analiz için üç aşamalı yaklaşım benimsenmiştir; birincisi dağlık alanların fiziki bütünlükleri ve doğal çevre şartlarına yönelik tanıtımdır; ikincisi doğal şartlara bağlı kalarak sosyal ve ekonomik anlamda dağlık alan sınırlarının ve dağlık alanlardan etkilenen zonların belirlenmesidir; üçüncüsü ise Giresun İli dağlık alanlarının 11 kritere göre sosyo-ekonomik açıdan analizidir. Bu bağlamda araştırmada insan ve çevre ilişkisi içinde dağlık alanlarda sosyo-ekonomik özelliklere bağlı değerlendirme önerisi sunulmuş, dağlık alanların sürdürülebilirliğine etki edecek yönlerin çeşitliliği uygulamalı örnekleriyle açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

Dağlık Alanlar, Sosyo-Ekonomik Analiz, Giresun İli

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