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Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki

Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 94 - 107, 13.03.2013

Berna Ertuğrul , İlhan Otağ

Abstract

Prenatal steroid düzeylerinin parmak uzunluklarının gelişiminde organizasyonel bir etkiye sahip olması, gelişimi cinsiyet hormonlarının kontrolünde olan diğer vücut karakterleri ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları (2P:4P) arasında bazı ilişkilerin olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmada cinsiyete özgü bazı antropometrik karakterler ile 2P:4P arasındaki ilişkiler ele alınmıştır. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi'nde okuyan 240 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülen çalışmada ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluklarının yanı sıra, bireylerden ağırlık, boy, bacak yüksekliği, omuz, kalça, dirsek, ayak, diz genişliği, gevşek/kasılı üst kol çevresi, baldır çevresi, ayak uzunluğu, triseps, biseps, subskapular, supraspinal ve baldır deri kıvrımı kalınlığı ölçüleri alınmıştır. Bulgular, göreceli olarak her iki cinsiyette de erkeksi bedene sahip bireylerin düşük 2P:4P'ye, kadınsı bedene sahip olanların ise yüksek 2P:4P'ye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak, sadece ergenlik dönemi değil, prenatal dönem hormon düzeylerinin de erişkin beden yapısı ile ilişkili olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

Seksüel dimorfizm parmak oranları cinsiyet hormonları antropometri

References

  • Barut Ç, Tan U, Doğan A. (2008) Association of height and weight with second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and sex differences. Percept Mot Skills 106:627-632.
  • Bogin B. (1999) Patterns of Human Growth (2nd Ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bogin B, Varela-Silva MI. (2010) Leg length, body proportions, and health: A review with a note on beauty. Int J Environ Res Public Health 7:1047-1075.
  • Braun MF, Bryan A. (2006) Female waist-to-hip and male waist-to-shoulder ratios as determinants of romantic partner desirability. J Soc Pers Relat 23:805-819.
  • Dabbs JrJM, Hargrove MF. (1997) Age, testosterone, and behavior among female prison inmates. Psychosom Med 59:477-480.
  • Danborno B, Adebisi SS, Adelaiye AB, Ojo SA. (2008) Sexual dimorphism and relationship between chest, hip and waist circumference with 2D, 4D and 2D:4D in Nigerians. Inter J Biol Anthropol 1:1- 9.
  • Dixon A. (2009) Sexual Selection and the Origins of Human Mating Systems. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Elbers JMH, Asscheman H, Seidell JC, Megens JS, Gooren LJG. (1997) Long-term testosteron administration increases visceral fat in female to male transsexuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82:2044-2047.
  • Fessler DMT, Haley KJ, Lal RD. (2005). Sexual dimorphism in foot length proportionate to stature. Ann Hum Biol 32(1):44-59.
  • Fink B, Neave N, Manning JT. (2003) Second to Fourth Digit Ratio, Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Waist-to-Chest Ratio: their Relationships in Heterosexual Men and Women. Ann Hum Biol 30(6):728-738.
  • Frisancho AR, Guilding N, Tanner S. (2001) Growth of the leg length is reflected in socio-economic differences. Acta Med Auxol 33:47-50.
  • Gray P, Wolfe L. (1980) Height and sexual dimorphism of stature among human societies. Am J Phys Anthropol 53:441-456.
  • Grubbs FE. (1969) Procedures for detecting outlying observations. Technometric 11:1-21.
  • Gunnell D, Okasha M, Smith GD, Oliver SE, Sandhu J, Holly JM. (2001) Height, leg length, and cancer risk: a systematic review. Epidemiology Review 23:313-347.
  • Hughes SM, Gallup Jr GG. (2003) Sex differences in morphological predictors of sexual behavior: shoulder to hip and waist to hip ratios. Evol Hum Behav 24:173–178.
  • Lippa R. (2003) Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios related to sexual orientation? Yes for men, no for women. J Pers Soc Psychol 85:179-188.
  • Manning JT. (2002) Digit ratio: a pointer to fertility, behavior, and health. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
  • Manning JT, Barley L, Lewis-Jones I, Walton J, Trivers RL, Thornhill R, Singh D, Rhode P, Bereckzei T, Henzi P, Soler M, Sved A. (2000) The 2nd to 4th digit ratio, sexual dimorphism, population differences and reproductive success: Evidence for sexually antagonistic genes. Evol Hum Behav 21:163-183.
  • Manning JT, Scutt D, Wilson J, Lewis-Jones DI. (1998) The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: a predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen. Hum Reprod 13:3000-3004.
  • Martorell R, Malina RM, Castillo RO, Mendoza FS, Pawson IG. (1988) Body proportions in 3 ethnic- groups—children and youths 2-17 years in NHANES-II and HHANES. Hum Biol 60:205–222.
  • Mazur A, Booth A. (1998) Testosterone and dominance in men. Behav Brain Sci 21:353-397.
  • Neave N, Menaged M, Weightman DR. (1999) Sex Differences in Cognition: The Role of Testosterone and Sexual Orientation. Brain Cogn 45:245-262.
  • Oldfield RC. (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9:97-113.
  • Özener B. (2010) Fluctuating and directional asymmetry in young human males: effect of heavy working condition and socioeconomic status. Am J Phys Anthropol 143:112-120.
  • Pheasant S. (1990) Anthropometrics: An introduction. Milton Keynes: British Standards Institution.
  • Rahman AA, Lophatananon A, Stewart-Brown S, Harriss D, Anderson J, Parker T, Easton D, Kote-Jarai Z, Pocock R, Dearnaley D, Guy M, O'Brien L, Wilkinson RA, Hall AL, Sawyer E, Page E, Liu JF. (2011) Hand pattern indicates prostate cancer risk. Br J Cancer 104:175-177.
  • Rodríguez G, Samper MP, Olivares JL, Ventura P, Moreno LA, Pérez-González JM. (2005) Skinfold measurements at birth: sex and anthropometric influence. Arch Dis Child 90:273-275.
  • Ruff C, Holt B, Trinkaus E. (2006) Who's afraid of the big bad Wolff?: “Wolff's law” and bone functional adaptation. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:484-498.
  • Swami V, Einon D, Furnham A. (2006) An investigation of the leg-to-body ratio as a human aesthetic criterion. Body Image 3:317-323.
  • Tanner JM. (1990) Foetus into Man: Physical Growth from Conception to Maturity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
  • Tanner JM, Hiernaux J, Jarman S. (1978) Büyüme ve beden yapısı üzerindeki antropometrik incelemeler. (Çev. Armağan Saatçioğlu) Antropoloji 8:93-131.
  • Van Dongen S. (2009) Second to fourth digit ratio in relation to age, BMI, and life history in a population of young adults: a set of unexpected results. JNR Ecol Evol Biol 6:1-7.
  • Voracek M, Loibl LM. (2009) Scientometric analysis and bibliography of digit ratio (2D:4D) research, 1998–2008. Psychol Rep 104:922–956.
  • Weiner JS, Lourie JA. (1981) Practical Human Biology. London: Academic Press.
  • Wells J. (2007) Sexual dimorphism of body composition. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:415- 430.

Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 94 - 107, 13.03.2013

Berna Ertuğrul , İlhan Otağ

Abstract

References

  • Barut Ç, Tan U, Doğan A. (2008) Association of height and weight with second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and sex differences. Percept Mot Skills 106:627-632.
  • Bogin B. (1999) Patterns of Human Growth (2nd Ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bogin B, Varela-Silva MI. (2010) Leg length, body proportions, and health: A review with a note on beauty. Int J Environ Res Public Health 7:1047-1075.
  • Braun MF, Bryan A. (2006) Female waist-to-hip and male waist-to-shoulder ratios as determinants of romantic partner desirability. J Soc Pers Relat 23:805-819.
  • Dabbs JrJM, Hargrove MF. (1997) Age, testosterone, and behavior among female prison inmates. Psychosom Med 59:477-480.
  • Danborno B, Adebisi SS, Adelaiye AB, Ojo SA. (2008) Sexual dimorphism and relationship between chest, hip and waist circumference with 2D, 4D and 2D:4D in Nigerians. Inter J Biol Anthropol 1:1- 9.
  • Dixon A. (2009) Sexual Selection and the Origins of Human Mating Systems. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Elbers JMH, Asscheman H, Seidell JC, Megens JS, Gooren LJG. (1997) Long-term testosteron administration increases visceral fat in female to male transsexuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82:2044-2047.
  • Fessler DMT, Haley KJ, Lal RD. (2005). Sexual dimorphism in foot length proportionate to stature. Ann Hum Biol 32(1):44-59.
  • Fink B, Neave N, Manning JT. (2003) Second to Fourth Digit Ratio, Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Waist-to-Chest Ratio: their Relationships in Heterosexual Men and Women. Ann Hum Biol 30(6):728-738.
  • Frisancho AR, Guilding N, Tanner S. (2001) Growth of the leg length is reflected in socio-economic differences. Acta Med Auxol 33:47-50.
  • Gray P, Wolfe L. (1980) Height and sexual dimorphism of stature among human societies. Am J Phys Anthropol 53:441-456.
  • Grubbs FE. (1969) Procedures for detecting outlying observations. Technometric 11:1-21.
  • Gunnell D, Okasha M, Smith GD, Oliver SE, Sandhu J, Holly JM. (2001) Height, leg length, and cancer risk: a systematic review. Epidemiology Review 23:313-347.
  • Hughes SM, Gallup Jr GG. (2003) Sex differences in morphological predictors of sexual behavior: shoulder to hip and waist to hip ratios. Evol Hum Behav 24:173–178.
  • Lippa R. (2003) Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios related to sexual orientation? Yes for men, no for women. J Pers Soc Psychol 85:179-188.
  • Manning JT. (2002) Digit ratio: a pointer to fertility, behavior, and health. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
  • Manning JT, Barley L, Lewis-Jones I, Walton J, Trivers RL, Thornhill R, Singh D, Rhode P, Bereckzei T, Henzi P, Soler M, Sved A. (2000) The 2nd to 4th digit ratio, sexual dimorphism, population differences and reproductive success: Evidence for sexually antagonistic genes. Evol Hum Behav 21:163-183.
  • Manning JT, Scutt D, Wilson J, Lewis-Jones DI. (1998) The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: a predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen. Hum Reprod 13:3000-3004.
  • Martorell R, Malina RM, Castillo RO, Mendoza FS, Pawson IG. (1988) Body proportions in 3 ethnic- groups—children and youths 2-17 years in NHANES-II and HHANES. Hum Biol 60:205–222.
  • Mazur A, Booth A. (1998) Testosterone and dominance in men. Behav Brain Sci 21:353-397.
  • Neave N, Menaged M, Weightman DR. (1999) Sex Differences in Cognition: The Role of Testosterone and Sexual Orientation. Brain Cogn 45:245-262.
  • Oldfield RC. (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9:97-113.
  • Özener B. (2010) Fluctuating and directional asymmetry in young human males: effect of heavy working condition and socioeconomic status. Am J Phys Anthropol 143:112-120.
  • Pheasant S. (1990) Anthropometrics: An introduction. Milton Keynes: British Standards Institution.
  • Rahman AA, Lophatananon A, Stewart-Brown S, Harriss D, Anderson J, Parker T, Easton D, Kote-Jarai Z, Pocock R, Dearnaley D, Guy M, O'Brien L, Wilkinson RA, Hall AL, Sawyer E, Page E, Liu JF. (2011) Hand pattern indicates prostate cancer risk. Br J Cancer 104:175-177.
  • Rodríguez G, Samper MP, Olivares JL, Ventura P, Moreno LA, Pérez-González JM. (2005) Skinfold measurements at birth: sex and anthropometric influence. Arch Dis Child 90:273-275.
  • Ruff C, Holt B, Trinkaus E. (2006) Who's afraid of the big bad Wolff?: “Wolff's law” and bone functional adaptation. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:484-498.
  • Swami V, Einon D, Furnham A. (2006) An investigation of the leg-to-body ratio as a human aesthetic criterion. Body Image 3:317-323.
  • Tanner JM. (1990) Foetus into Man: Physical Growth from Conception to Maturity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
  • Tanner JM, Hiernaux J, Jarman S. (1978) Büyüme ve beden yapısı üzerindeki antropometrik incelemeler. (Çev. Armağan Saatçioğlu) Antropoloji 8:93-131.
  • Van Dongen S. (2009) Second to fourth digit ratio in relation to age, BMI, and life history in a population of young adults: a set of unexpected results. JNR Ecol Evol Biol 6:1-7.
  • Voracek M, Loibl LM. (2009) Scientometric analysis and bibliography of digit ratio (2D:4D) research, 1998–2008. Psychol Rep 104:922–956.
  • Weiner JS, Lourie JA. (1981) Practical Human Biology. London: Academic Press.
  • Wells J. (2007) Sexual dimorphism of body composition. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:415- 430.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Berna Ertuğrul

İlhan Otağ

Publication Date March 13, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ertuğrul, B., & Otağ, İ. (2013). Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki. İnsanbilim Dergisi, 1(2), 94-107.
AMA Ertuğrul B, Otağ İ. Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki. İnsanbilim Dergisi. March 2013;1(2):94-107.
Chicago Ertuğrul, Berna, and İlhan Otağ. “Cinsiyete özgü vücut Morfolojisi Ile Elin Ikinci Ve dördüncü Parmak Uzunluk Oranları arasındaki ilişki”. İnsanbilim Dergisi 1, no. 2 (March 2013): 94-107.
EndNote Ertuğrul B, Otağ İ (March 1, 2013) Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki. İnsanbilim Dergisi 1 2 94–107.
IEEE B. Ertuğrul and İ. Otağ, “Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki”, İnsanbilim Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 94–107, 2013.
ISNAD Ertuğrul, Berna - Otağ, İlhan. “Cinsiyete özgü vücut Morfolojisi Ile Elin Ikinci Ve dördüncü Parmak Uzunluk Oranları arasındaki ilişki”. İnsanbilim Dergisi 1/2 (March 2013), 94-107.
JAMA Ertuğrul B, Otağ İ. Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki. İnsanbilim Dergisi. 2013;1:94–107.
MLA Ertuğrul, Berna and İlhan Otağ. “Cinsiyete özgü vücut Morfolojisi Ile Elin Ikinci Ve dördüncü Parmak Uzunluk Oranları arasındaki ilişki”. İnsanbilim Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 2, 2013, pp. 94-107.
Vancouver Ertuğrul B, Otağ İ. Cinsiyete özgü vücut morfolojisi ile elin ikinci ve dördüncü parmak uzunluk oranları arasındaki ilişki. İnsanbilim Dergisi. 2013;1(2):94-107.