AN INVESTIGATION REGARDING NUTRIENT FORAMEN OF THE RADIUS

Year 2024, Volume: 87 Issue: 2, 121 - 126, 27.03.2024

Elif Toklu , Latif Sağlam , Osman Coşkun , Ahmet Ertaş , Özcan Gayretli

https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.1340706

Abstract

Objective: Arteries that provide nutrition to the long bones pass through openings called nutrient foramen (NF). The number of studies on NFs of the radius is quite scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the presence, number, direction, and anatomical localization of NFs of the radius.
Material and Method: A total of 133 dry adult human radii were investigated in this study. The presence, number, position, and direction of NFs of the radii were determined. The shortest distance of NF to the most proximal point of the radius (DPE), the transverse diameter of the radius at the level of the NF (TD), and the shortest distance of the NF to the most prominent point of the dorsal tubercle (DDT) were measured. Furthermore, the foraminal index (FI) was calculated.
Result: A single NF was found in 130 (97.7%) bones, and 3 (2.3%) radii did not have NF. The NFs were most commonly on the anterior surface (80%, 104 bones) and middle 1/3 (78.5%, 102 bones) part of the bones. All NFs were towards the elbow. The DPE, TD, and DDT were meanly 82.72±11.4 mm, 129.99±15.41 mm, and 14.6±1.97 mm, respectively. The average FI was 35.6±4.64.
Conclusion: This paper provides additional information, such as the distance of nutrient foramen to the dorsal tubercle. Our results may help clinicians during applications related to the NF of the radius.

Keywords

Nutrient foramen, radius, foraminal index

RADIUS’UN FORAMEN NUTRİCİUM’U İLE İLGİLİ BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Abstract

Amaç: Uzun kemiklerin beslenmesini sağlayan arterler, foramen nutricium (FN) adı verilen açıklıklardan geçer. Radius’taki FN'ler ile ilgili yapılan çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu nedenle,bu çalışmada FN'lerin radius üzerindeki varlığını, sayısını, yönünü ve anatomik lokalizasyonunu belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada toplam 133 adet yetişkine ait kuru radius kemiği incelendi. FN'lerin radius üzerindeki varlığı, sayısı, konumu ve yönü belirlendi. FN’nin radius’un en proksimal noktasına olan en kısa mesafesi (PM), FN’nin bulunduğu seviyedeki transvers çap (TÇ), FN’nin tuberculum dorsale’nin en belirgin noktasına olan mesafesi (TDM) ölçüldü. Ayrıca foraminal indeks (FI) hesaplandı.
Bulgular: 130 (%97,7) radius’ta tek FN vardı, 3 (%2,3) radius’ta ise FN yoktu. FN'ler en sık radius’un facies anterior’unda (%80; 104 kemik) ve orta 1/3 (%78,5; 102 kemik) kısmındaydı. Tüm FN'lerin yönü dirseğe doğruydu. PM, TÇ ve TDM sırasıyla ortalama 82,72±11,4 mm, 129,99±15,41 mm ve 14,6±1,97 mm olarak hesaplandı. Ortalama FI 35,6±4,64 olarak kaydedildi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, nutrient foramenin dorsal tüberküle olan uzaklığı gibi ek bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarımızın, radius’taki FN ile ilgili uygulamalarda klinisyenlere yardımcı olması beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Foramen nutricium, radius, foraminal indeks

References

• Kizilkanat E, Boyan N, Ozsahin ET, Soames R, Oguz O. Location, number and clinical significance of nutrient foramina in human long bones. Ann Anat 2007;189(1):87-95. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Longia GS, Ajmani ML, Saxena SK, Thomas RJ. Study of diaphyseal nutrient foramina in human long bones. Acta Anat (Basel) 1980;107(4):399-406. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Standring S, editor. Gray’s Anatomy. The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st ed. London: Elsevier; 2016.p.839-840. google scholar
• Menck J, Schreiber HW, Hertz T, Bürgel N. Angioarchitecture of the ulna and radius and their practical relevance. Langenbecks Arch Chir 1994;379(2):70-5. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Murlimanju BV, Prashanth KU, Prabhu LV, Saralaya VV, Pai MM, Rai R. Morphological and topographical anatomy of nutrient foramina in human upper limb long bones and their surgical importance. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2011;52(3):859-62. google scholar
• Mysorekar VR. Diaphysial nutrient foramina in human long bones. J Anat 1967;101(Pt 4):813-22. google scholar
• Öztürk K, Dursun A, Ayazoğlu M, Kastamoni Y. An Investigation of the Nutrient Foramen in the Long Bones of the Upper and Lower Limbs in Turkish Population. Med Records 2022;4(2):179-86. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Parmar AM, Vaghela B, Shah K, Patel B, Trivedi B. Morphometric analysis of nutrient foramina in human typical long bones of upper limb. Natl J Integr Res Med 2014;5(5):26-9. google scholar
• Priya DC, Durga JL, Chandrupatla M. A morphological study of nutrient foramina of human ulna and their clinical importance. IJRR 2019;6:75-9. google scholar
• Hughes H. The factors determining the direction of the canal for the nutrient artery in the long bones of mammals and birds. Acta Anat (Basel) 1952;15(3):261-80. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Ukoha UU, Umeasalugo KE, Nzeako HC, Ezejindu DN, Ejimofor OC, Obazie IF. A study of nutrient foramina in long bones of Nigerians. NJMR 2013;3(04):304-8. google scholar
• Solanke KS, Bhatnagar R, Pokhrel R. Number and position of nutrient foramina in humerus, radius and ulna of human dry bones of Indian origin with clinical correlation. OA Anatomy 2014;2(1):1-4. google scholar
• Patel SM, Vora RK. Anatomical study of nutrient foramina in long bones of human upper limbs. IAIM 2015;2(8):94-8. google scholar
• Reddy GRMK, Siddaramulu C, Bilodi AKS. Morphometric study of the nutrient foramina of unknown radius and ulna and their clinical importance in the region of Kadapa [Rayalaseema], Andhra Pradesh. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2016;3(27):1222-9. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Güner M, Ortadeveci A, Hakan AY, Öz S. The morphology and topography of the foramen nutricium in long bones of the upper extremity. ESTÜDAM Klinik Anatomi Dergisi 2016;1(1):34-40. google scholar
• Mishra AK, Jaiswal S, Verma RK, Mishra G, Kumar N. A Topographical Study of Nutrient Foramen in Dry Human Long Bones of the Superior Extremity. EJMR 2019;6(2):67-70. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Challa P, Nanna RK. A Study of Nutrient Foramina in Human Upper Limb Long Bones. J Evolution Med Dent Sci 2019;8(9):610-2. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Veeramuthu M, Elangovan M, Manoranjitham. Nutrient foramina: a study in the long bones of human upper extremities. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(3.3):4394-9. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Totoki Y, Yoshii Y, Ogawa T, Hara Y, Ishii T, Yamazaki M. Preoperative Predictions of Distal Screw Length for the Osteosynthesis of Distal Radius Fractures. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2022;27(01):156-62. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Weinberg DS, Park PJ, Boden KA, Malone KJ, Cooperman DR, Liu RW. Anatomic investigation of commonly used landmarks for evaluating rotation during forearm fracture reduction. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2016;98(13):1103-12. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Campos FF, Pellico LG, Alias MG, Fernandez-Valencia R. A study of the nutrient foramina in human long bones. Surg Radiol Anat 1987;9(3):251-5. [CrossRef] google scholar
• Pereira GAM, Lopes PTC, Santos AMPV, Silveira FHS. Nutrient foramina in the upper and lower limb long bones: morphometric study in bones of Southern Brazilian adults. Int J Morphol 2011;29(2):514-20. [CrossRef] google scholar