Suriyeli ve Ukraynalı Mülteciler Örneği Üzerinden Mültecilere Yönelik Ayrımcılık ve Etiketleme Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2023, Issue: 84, 191 - 198, 19.07.2023

Buket Ökten Sipahioğlu

https://doi.org/10.26650/jspc.2023.84.1172157

Abstract

Zorunlu göç bağlamında, ’mülteci’ ifadesi, daha önceki mülteci krizi deneyimlerinden ve dünya çapında korkutucu şekilde artan sayıda yerinden edilmiş insandan dolayı çoğunlukla olumsuz konularla ilgilidir. Kriz terimi çoğunlukla olumsuz anlamlar çağrıştırsa da hala çözülmemiş olayları anlamlandırmaktadır. Mültecilerle ilgili sorunlar hala çözüm ve yanıtlar bekler haldedir. Ayrıca, yakın zamanda tecrübe edilen Suriyeli-Ukraynalı mülteciler örneğinde olduğu gibi her mülteci ev sahibi toplumdan aynı yanıtı alamamakta ve aynı haklardan yararlanamamaktadır. Aslında, bazıları ev sahibi topluluklarında ’görünmeyen’ ırk ve etnik kökenlerine karşı ayrımcılığa maruz kalmakta ve gerektiğinde seslerini yükseltememektedirler. Bu anlamda, bu çalışma betimleyici bir yöntemle, mültecilerin nasıl “etiketlendiğine” ve dolayısıyla ırklarına ve etnik kökenlerine göre ayrımcılığa ve farklı muameleye maruz kaldıklarına Suriye ve Ukraynalı mülteciler örneğiyle işaret etmektedir. Buna göre, çalışmanın ana argumanı politika yapıcıların ve mülteci savunucularının, mevcut ‘mülteci karşıtı’ algıyı ve yasanın uygulanmasını değiştirebilmesi veya bir şekilde etkileyebilmesidir.

Keywords

Zorunlu Göç, Mülteciler, Ayrımcılık, Etiketleme, Avrupa Değerleri

A Review of Discrimination and Labeling of Refugees Using the Example of Syrian and Ukrainian Refugees

Abstract

In the forced migration context, the term"refugee" is mostly related to negative issues because of the prior refugee crisis experiences and the frighteningly increasing numbers of displaced people around the world. Although the term "crisis" mostly evokes negative connotations, it still makes sense for unsolved events. The crisis of the refugees still awaits solutions and thereby demands responses. Furthermore, not every refugee receives the same response from their host community or enjoys the same rights as has recently been seen in the Syrian-Ukrainian refugee examples. Some of them are discriminated against in their race and ethnicity, are "unseen" in their host community, and cannot raise their voices as needed. In this sense, this study points out, in a descriptive way, how refugees are "labeled", and therefore, discriminated against and treated differently based on their race and ethnicity, taking out Syrian and Ukrainian refugees as an example. Accordingly, the main argument of the study is that policymakers, as well as refugee advocates, can somehow change the current ‘anti-refugee’ perception and execution of the law.

Keywords

Forced Migration, Refugees, Discrimination, Labeling, European Values

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