Investigation of the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease on dental erosion and oral tissue alterations

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 108 - 115, 15.01.2022

Fatma Aytaç Bal , Engin Ersöz

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.943150

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dental erosion and the alterations in oral tissues. Materials and Methods: In this study, the GERD group consisted of 50 individuals with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, and the control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals. The prevalence of teeth wears and caries was evaluated using the Smith and Knight tooth wear index (TWI) and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), respectively. Oral complaints were also evaluated. Stimulated saliva samples were collected, and the salivary buffering capacity, pH and flow rate values were measured. Results: In the GERD group, wear was observed in the palatal surface of the maxillary teeth, whereas no wear was observed in the control group (p<0.05). Although the incisal surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary/mandibular posterior teeth were observed as eroded in both groups, the values in the patient group were significantly higher compared with those of controls (p<0.05). In the GERD group, complaints of inflammatory mouth sensitivity, tongue sensitivity, nonspecific itching and burning, halitosis, dry mouth, tooth sensitivity, erythema in the soft/hard palatinal mucosa/uvula were significantly more frequent than the control group (p<0.05, for each). The groups were similar with respect to DMFT (p=0.480). The salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity values were found to be significantly lower in the GERD group (p<0.05, for each). Conclusion: The results showed that patients with GERD had wear in palatal surfaces of maxillary teeth. Moreover, these patients also complained more commonly from oral tissue alterations and had lower salivary flow rate, pH, and buffering capacity. Hence dentists should consider GERD as a potential risk factor for oral health.

Keywords

Dental erosion, gastroesophageal reflux disease, saliva

Gastroözofageal reflü hastalığının dental erozyona ve ağız dokularındaki değişikliklere etkisinin araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gastroözofageal reflü hastalığı (GÖRH) ile dental erozyon ve ağız dokularındaki değişiklikler arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada GÖRH grubu gastroözofageal reflü semptomları olan 50 kişiden, kontrol grubu ise 50 sağlıklı bireyden oluşturuldu. Diş aşınması ve çürük prevalansı sırasıyla Smith ve Knight diş aşınma indeksi (TWI) ve çürük, eksik ve dolgulu dişler indeksi (DMFT) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Ayrıca ağız içerisindeki şikayetler de değerlendirildi. Uyarılmış tükürük örnekleri toplandı ve tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi, pH ve akış hızı değerleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: GÖRH grubunda üst dişlerin palatinal yüzeyinde aşınma görülürken, kontrol grubunda aşınma gözlenmedi (p<0,05). Her iki grupta da üst ön dişlerin insizal yüzeyleri ve üst/alt arka dişlerin oklüzal yüzeylerinin aşınmış olduğu görülmesine rağmen, hasta grubundaki değerler kontrollere göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). GÖRH grubunda yangılı ağız duyarlılığı, dil hassasiyeti, nonspesifik kaşıntı ve yanma, ağız kokusu, ağız kuruluğu, dişlerde hassasiyet, yumuşak/sert palatinal mukoza/uvulada eritema şikayetlerine kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak daha sık rastlandı (her biri için p<0,05). Gruplar DMFT'ye göre benzer bulundu (p=0,480). GÖRH grubunda tükrük akış hızı, pH ve tamponlama kapasitesi değerleri anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (her biri için p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları GÖRH grubundaki katılımcıların üst dişlerinin palatinal yüzeylerinde aşınma olduğunu gösterdi. Ayrıca bu hastaların daha yaygın olarak ağız içi doku değişikliklerinden şikayet ettiklerine ve daha düşük tükürük akış hızı, pH ve tamponlama kapasitesine sahip oldukları da tespit edildi. Bu nedenle diş hekimleri GÖRH'nı ağız sağlığı için potansiyel bir risk faktörü olarak düşünmelidir.

Keywords

Dental erozyon, gastroözofageal reflü hastalığı, tükürük

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