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Work-Family Conflict Among Resident Physicians: A Comparative Analysis of Surgical and Internal Medicine Specialties

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 6, 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1555912

Abstract

Aims: To investigate whether there is a difference in work-family conflict between surgical and internal medicine residents and to determine the factors associated with work-family conflict
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey study was conducted with 443 resident physicians working at a university hospital. A form about demographic data and a Turkish version of the Work-Family Conflict Inventory (WFCI) were used to gather data during in-person interviews.
Results: Three-hundred-forty-eight residents responded (76.8%). Weekly working time was significantly more in surgical medical sciences (SMS) residents than in internal medicine sciences (IMS) residents (62.3±13.8 vs 53.2±13.6 hours respectively, p<0.001). The mean WFCI scores of the SMS and IMS residents were 19.5±4.3 and 17.9±5.1, respectively (p=0.002). Working hours and the number of shifts were associated with increased WFCI scores. Residents with incomes less than expenses had higher WFCI scores. Satisfaction, including institution, salary, and area of specialization, was negatively associated with the WFCI scores. Working as an SMS resident was found to be related to higher conflict scores than being an IMS resident. Income status, weekly working hours, and institution satisfaction were significant independent predictors of WFCI scores. Being an SMS or IMS resident did not come out to be a significant predictor of work-family conflict.
Conclusion: WFCI scores are very high in resident physicians. The findings highlight the urgent need to address this issue through a multi-faceted approach that includes reducing working hours, improving income levels, enhancing institutional satisfaction, and providing support and resources to help residents balance work and family responsibilities

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is obtained from Mersin University Clinical Research Ethics Committee with the number 2024/870.

Supporting Institution

None

References

  • 1. Serrano K. Women residents, women physicians and medicine's future. WMJ. 2007;106(5):260-5.
  • 2. Grandey AA, Cropanzano R. The Conservation of Resources Model Applied to Work-Family Conflict and Strain. J Vocat Behav. 1999;54:350-70.
  • 3. Marks S. Multiple roles and role strain: Some notes and human energy, time, and commitment. Am. Sociol. Rev. 1977;42:921-36.
  • 4. Frone M, Yardley J, Markel K. Developing and testing an integrative model of the work-family interface. J Vocat Behav. 1997;50:145-67.
  • 5. Frone M, Russell M, Cooper M. Prevalence of Work-Family Conflict: Are Work and Family Boundaries Asymmetrically Permeable? J. Organ. Behav. 1992;13(7):723-29.
  • 6. Gutek B, Searle S. Rational Versus Gender Role Explanations for Work-Family Conflict. J. Appl. Psychol. 1991;76(4):560-68.
  • 7. Eser E, Cil E, Sen Gundogan NE, et al. Push and Pull Factors of Why Medical Students Want to Leave Türkiye: A Countrywide Multicenter Study. Teach Learn Med. 2023 Aug 2:1-13.
  • 8. Bernburg M, Vitzthum K, Groneberg DA, Mache S. Physicians' occupational stress, depressive symptoms and work ability in relation to their working environment: a cross-sectional study of differences among medical residents with various specialties working in German hospitals. BMJ Open. 2016 Jun 15;6(6):e011369.
  • 9. Park C, Lee YJ, Hong M, et al. A multicenter study investigating empathy and burnout characteristics in medical residents with various specialties. J Korean Med Sci, 2016;31:590–7.
  • 10. Netemeyer RG, Boles JS, McMurrian R. Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. J. Appl. Psychol. 1996;81(4):400–10.
  • 11. Efeoğlu İ.E, Özgen H. İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. ÇÜSBED. 2007;16(2):237-54.
  • 12. Akdoğan, E. A., Şahin, C., Şahin, N. İş-Aile Çatışmasının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi: Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 2016;19(2):153-69
  • 13. Bauer J, Groneberg DA. Disstress in der Chirurgie – Eine Untersuchung in deutschen Krankenhäusern [Distress Among Surgeons - a Study in German Hospitals]. Zentralbl Chir. 2017;142(6):590-98.
  • 14. Dettmers, J. How extended work availability affects well-being: The mediating roles of psychological detachment and work-family-conflict. Work & Stress, 2017;31(1):24–41.
  • 15. Ruitenburg MM, Frings-Dresen MH, Sluiter JK. Physical job demands and related health complaints among surgeons. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;86:271–9.
  • 16. Batt R, Valcour PM. Human resources practices as predictors of work-family outcomes and employee turnover. Ind. Relat. 2003;42(2);189-220.
  • 17. Greenhaus JH, Collins KM, Shaw JD. The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. J Vocat Behav. 2003;63(3):510–31.
  • 18. Allen TD, Johnson RC, Kiburz KM, Shockley KM. Work–family conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility. Personnel Psychology, 2013;66(2):345-76.
  • 19. Hill EJ, Erickson JJ, Holmes EK, Ferris M. Workplace flexibility, work hours, and work-life conflict: finding an extra day or two. J Fam Psychol. 2010;24(3):349-58.
  • 20. Eby LT, Casper WJ, Lockwood A, Bordeaux C, Brinley A. Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980–2002). J Vocat Behav, 2005;66(1):124-97
  • 21. Hammer LB, Kossek EE, Yragui NL, Bodner TE, Hanson GC. Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB). J Manage. 2009;35(4):837-56.
  • 22. Clark SC. Work cultures and work/family balance. J Vocat Behav. 2001;58(3):348–65.
  • 23. Shockley KM, Shen W, DeNunzio MM, Arvan ML, Knudsen EA. Disentangling the relationship between gender and work-family conflict: An integration of theoretical perspectives using meta-analytic methods. J Appl Psychol. 2017;102(12):1601-1635.

Asistan Hekimler Arasında İş-Aile Çatışması: Cerrahi ve Dahili Tıp Uzmanlıklarının Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 6, 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1555912

Abstract

Amaç: Cerrahi ve dahiliye asistanı doktorlar arasında iş-aile çatışması açısından farklılık olup olmadığını araştırmak ve iş-aile çatışmasıyla ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bir üniversite hastanesinde görev yapan 443 asistan hekim ile kesitsel, ankete dayalı bir çalışma yapıldı. Yüz yüze görüşmelerde veri toplamak amacıyla demografik verileri içeren bir form ve İş-Aile Çatışmaları Envanteri'nin (İAÇE) Türkçe versiyonu kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Üç yüz kırk sekiz asistan doktor yanıt verdi (%76,8). Haftalık çalışma süresi cerrahi tıp bilimleri (CTB) asistanlarında dahili tıp bilimleri (DTB) asistanlarına göre anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (sırasıyla 62,3±13,8 ve 53,2±13,6 saat, p<0,001). CTB ve DTB asistanlarının ortalama İAÇE skorları sırasıyla 19,5±4,3 ve 17,9±5,1 idi (p=0,002). Çalışma saatleri ve vardiya sayısı artmış İAÇE skorları ile ilişkili bulundu. Gelirleri giderlerinden az olan asistanların İAÇE puanları daha yüksekti. Kurum, maaş ve uzmanlık alanı da dahil olmak üzere memnuniyet, İAÇE skorlarıyla olumsuz yönde ilişkiliydi. CTB asistanı olarak çalışmanın, DTB asistanı olmaktan daha yüksek çatışma skorları ile ilişkili olduğu bulundu. Gelir durumu, haftalık çalışma saatleri ve kurum memnuniyeti İAÇE skoru için anlamlı bağımsız belirleyicileriydi. CTB veya DTB asistanı olmak, iş-aile çatışması için anlamlı bir prediktörü olarak bulunmadı.
Sonuç: Asistan hekimlerde İAÇE skorları oldukça yüksektir. Bulgular, çalışma saatlerinin azaltılması, gelir düzeylerinin iyileştirilmesi, kurumsal memnuniyetin arttırılması ve asistan hekimlerin iş ve aile sorumlulukları arasında denge kurmasına yardımcı olacak destek ve kaynakların sağlanmasını içeren çok yönlü bir yaklaşımla bu konunun acilen ele alınması ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • 1. Serrano K. Women residents, women physicians and medicine's future. WMJ. 2007;106(5):260-5.
  • 2. Grandey AA, Cropanzano R. The Conservation of Resources Model Applied to Work-Family Conflict and Strain. J Vocat Behav. 1999;54:350-70.
  • 3. Marks S. Multiple roles and role strain: Some notes and human energy, time, and commitment. Am. Sociol. Rev. 1977;42:921-36.
  • 4. Frone M, Yardley J, Markel K. Developing and testing an integrative model of the work-family interface. J Vocat Behav. 1997;50:145-67.
  • 5. Frone M, Russell M, Cooper M. Prevalence of Work-Family Conflict: Are Work and Family Boundaries Asymmetrically Permeable? J. Organ. Behav. 1992;13(7):723-29.
  • 6. Gutek B, Searle S. Rational Versus Gender Role Explanations for Work-Family Conflict. J. Appl. Psychol. 1991;76(4):560-68.
  • 7. Eser E, Cil E, Sen Gundogan NE, et al. Push and Pull Factors of Why Medical Students Want to Leave Türkiye: A Countrywide Multicenter Study. Teach Learn Med. 2023 Aug 2:1-13.
  • 8. Bernburg M, Vitzthum K, Groneberg DA, Mache S. Physicians' occupational stress, depressive symptoms and work ability in relation to their working environment: a cross-sectional study of differences among medical residents with various specialties working in German hospitals. BMJ Open. 2016 Jun 15;6(6):e011369.
  • 9. Park C, Lee YJ, Hong M, et al. A multicenter study investigating empathy and burnout characteristics in medical residents with various specialties. J Korean Med Sci, 2016;31:590–7.
  • 10. Netemeyer RG, Boles JS, McMurrian R. Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. J. Appl. Psychol. 1996;81(4):400–10.
  • 11. Efeoğlu İ.E, Özgen H. İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. ÇÜSBED. 2007;16(2):237-54.
  • 12. Akdoğan, E. A., Şahin, C., Şahin, N. İş-Aile Çatışmasının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi: Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 2016;19(2):153-69
  • 13. Bauer J, Groneberg DA. Disstress in der Chirurgie – Eine Untersuchung in deutschen Krankenhäusern [Distress Among Surgeons - a Study in German Hospitals]. Zentralbl Chir. 2017;142(6):590-98.
  • 14. Dettmers, J. How extended work availability affects well-being: The mediating roles of psychological detachment and work-family-conflict. Work & Stress, 2017;31(1):24–41.
  • 15. Ruitenburg MM, Frings-Dresen MH, Sluiter JK. Physical job demands and related health complaints among surgeons. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;86:271–9.
  • 16. Batt R, Valcour PM. Human resources practices as predictors of work-family outcomes and employee turnover. Ind. Relat. 2003;42(2);189-220.
  • 17. Greenhaus JH, Collins KM, Shaw JD. The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. J Vocat Behav. 2003;63(3):510–31.
  • 18. Allen TD, Johnson RC, Kiburz KM, Shockley KM. Work–family conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility. Personnel Psychology, 2013;66(2):345-76.
  • 19. Hill EJ, Erickson JJ, Holmes EK, Ferris M. Workplace flexibility, work hours, and work-life conflict: finding an extra day or two. J Fam Psychol. 2010;24(3):349-58.
  • 20. Eby LT, Casper WJ, Lockwood A, Bordeaux C, Brinley A. Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980–2002). J Vocat Behav, 2005;66(1):124-97
  • 21. Hammer LB, Kossek EE, Yragui NL, Bodner TE, Hanson GC. Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB). J Manage. 2009;35(4):837-56.
  • 22. Clark SC. Work cultures and work/family balance. J Vocat Behav. 2001;58(3):348–65.
  • 23. Shockley KM, Shen W, DeNunzio MM, Arvan ML, Knudsen EA. Disentangling the relationship between gender and work-family conflict: An integration of theoretical perspectives using meta-analytic methods. J Appl Psychol. 2017;102(12):1601-1635.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry, Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Görkem Ülger 0000-0002-9565-0078

Hamza Yıldız 0009-0004-6478-813X

Ece Aytan 0009-0009-0369-8145

Ebru Opcin 0009-0005-9801-8018

Melike Nebioğlu Yıldız 0000-0002-5901-0364

Early Pub Date October 28, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date September 25, 2024
Acceptance Date October 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 6

Cite

AMA Ülger G, Yıldız H, Aytan E, Opcin E, Nebioğlu Yıldız M. Work-Family Conflict Among Resident Physicians: A Comparative Analysis of Surgical and Internal Medicine Specialties. J Contemp Med. October 2024;14(6):1-5. doi:10.16899/jcm.1555912