An Intracranial Hemorrhage Complication: Terson Syndrome

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 66 - 68, 13.11.2023

Muhammet İkbal Işık , Ferhat Cuce , Mustafa Taşar

https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1312185

Abstract

Abstract
Vitreous hemorrhage associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage is known as Terson's Syndrome (TS). However, it is also seen in the literature in cases of traumatic brain injury or intracranial hemorrhage. Management of visual manifestations is necessary in patients with intracranial hemorrhage.
A vitreous hemorrhage was found in the evaluation made due to visual symptoms in a patient who presented to the emergency department with intracranial hemorrhage. In addition to clinical findings, imaging techniques have an important place in the diagnosis of TS. Vitreous hemorrhage findings can be detected with imaging studies such as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
In this case, the diagnostic findings and the importance of diagnosis in CT and MRI examinations in a patient with TS will be discussed. The purpose of this case report is to share the imaging findings of TS.

References
1. Fahmy JA. Vitreous haemorrhage in subarachnoid haemorrhage - Terson’s syndrome: report of a case with macular degeneration as a complication. Acta Ophthalmologica 2009; 50:137–143.
2. Issiaka M, Mchachi A, Rachid R, Belhadji MEL, Mahazou I, Banao M. Terson syndrome: two case reports. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports 2022; 90:106700.
3. Czorlich P, Skevas C, Knospe V et al. Terson syndrome in subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. Neurosurg Rev 2015; 38:129–136.
4. Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Lee GP et al. Terson hemorrhage in patients suffering aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: predisposing factors and prognostic significance. JNS 2008; 109:439–444.
5. Frizzell RT, Morris R. Screening for ocular hemorrhages in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms: a prospective study of 99 patients. 1997; 41:6.
6. Manschot WA. Subarachnoid hemorrhage. American Journal of Ophthalmology 1954; 38:501–505.
7. Iuliano L, Fogliato G, Codenotti M. Intrasurgical imaging of subinternal limiting membrane blood diffusion in Terson syndrome. Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2014; 2014:1–3.
8. Czorlich P, Burkhardt T, Knospe V et al. Ocular ultrasound as an easy applicable tool for detection of Terson’s syndrome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. PLoS ONE 2014; 9:e114907.
9. Kapoor S. Terson syndrome: an often overlooked complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurgery 2014; 81:e4.

Keywords

Vitreus Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Terson Syndrome, Intracranial Hemorrhage

References

• 1. Fahmy JA. Vitreous haemorrhage in subarachnoid haemorrhage - Terson’s syndrome: report of a case with macular degeneration as a complication. Acta Ophthalmologica 2009; 50:137–143.
• 2. Issiaka M, Mchachi A, Rachid R, Belhadji MEL, Mahazou I, Banao M. Terson syndrome: two case reports. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports 2022; 90:106700.
• 3. Czorlich P, Skevas C, Knospe V et al. Terson syndrome in subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. Neurosurg Rev 2015; 38:129–136.
• 4. Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Lee GP et al. Terson hemorrhage in patients suffering aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: predisposing factors and prognostic significance. JNS 2008; 109:439–444.
• 5. Frizzell RT, Morris R. Screening for ocular hemorrhages in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms: a prospective study of 99 patients. 1997; 41:6.
• 6. Manschot WA. Subarachnoid hemorrhage. American Journal of Ophthalmology 1954; 38:501–505.
• 7. Iuliano L, Fogliato G, Codenotti M. Intrasurgical imaging of subinternal limiting membrane blood diffusion in Terson syndrome. Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2014; 2014:1–3.
• 8. Czorlich P, Burkhardt T, Knospe V et al. Ocular ultrasound as an easy applicable tool for detection of Terson’s syndrome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. PLoS ONE 2014; 9:e114907.
• 9. Kapoor S. Terson syndrome: an often overlooked complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurgery 2014; 81:e4.