Oxidation of the Graphite and Carbon Black Obtained from Worn Out Waste Tires Using Improved Hummers Method

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 238 - 244, 01.09.2019

Recep Berk Alp Ömer Faruk Dilmaç , Barış Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.523217

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Due to the high cost of graphite in the chemical synthesis of graphene
oxide, studies on low-cost alternative carbon sources such as coal or carbon
black have intensified. In this study; oxidation of graphite and carbon black
obtained by pyrolysis from worn out waste tires, was oxidized using the
Improved Hummers method. The product properties - structural defect, carbon
content, specific heat capacity of graphene oxide (GO) and oxidized carbon
black (CBO) was determined and compared each other. When the Raman patterns are
analysed, it was determined that carbon black obtained by pyrolysis from worn
out waste tires has a more defective structure (ID / IG = 5.65) than nano-sized
and high-purity carbon black (ID / IG = 2.66) and graphene oxide (ID / IG =
1.40). However, X-Ray Diffraction analyses showed that oxidized carbon black
had higher regular graphene layer content than graphene oxide. While the atomic
carbon content of oxidized carbon black was found as 83.10%, the atomic carbon
content of graphene oxide was determined as 73.10%. These results show that
carbon black has higher carbon content even if oxidized. One of the remarkable
results in the study is the specific heat values of oxidized carbon based
materials. All specific heat capacity values ​​of graphene oxide measured
between -40 ° C and 50 ° C were found to be higher than the oxidized carbon
black. In the improved Hummers method, it was concluded that the use of certain
amounts of carbon black instead of graphite is necessary for the product
properties not to be too far away from graphene oxide. In addition, it was
concluded that oxidized carbon black should be compared with graphene oxide in
terms of potential industrial applications such as water treatment and
electronic applications.

Keywords

Improved Hummers Method, Graphene oxide, Carbon Black, Chemical Oxidation, Worn out Waste Tires

Grafit ve Ömrünü Tamamlamış Atık Lastikten Elde Edilen Karbon Siyahının İyileştirilmiş Hummers Yöntemi ile Oksidasyonu

Abstract

Grafen
oksidin kimyasal sentezinde grafitin yüksek maliyeti nedeni ile kömür veya
karbon siyahı gibi düşük maliyetli alternatif karbon kaynakları üzerindeki
çalışmalar yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada, İyileştirilmiş Hummers yöntemi ile
grafit ve ömrünü tamamlamış atık lastikten piroliz ile karbon siyahının
oksidasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Grafen oksit (GO) ve okside karbon siyahının
(CBO) ürün özellikleri- yapısal kusurluluğu, karbon içeriği, özgül ısı
kapasitesi- belirlenmiş ve kıyaslanmıştır. Raman desenleri ile yapılan analiz
ile ömrünü tamamlamış atık lastikten piroliz ile elde edilen karbon siyahının,
nano boyutta ve yüksek saflıkta karbon siyahına (ID/IG=2,66) ve grafen okside
(ID/IG=1,40) karşın daha kusurlu bir yapıya sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir (ID/IG=5,65).
Buna karşın X-Ray Saçılım analizleri ile okside karbon siyahının grafen
tabakalarında düzeninin grafen okside göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Okside karbon siyahının atomik karbon içeriği 83,1% iken
grafen oksidin atomik
karbon içeriği 73,0% olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu
sonuçlar okside karbon siyahının daha yüksek karbon içeriğine sahip olduğu
görülmektedir. Çalışmadaki
dikkat çekici sonuçlardan biri okside edilen karbon tabanlı malzemelerin özgül
ısı değerleridir. Grafen oksidin, -40°C ve 50°C arasında ölçülen tüm özgül ısı
kapasitesi değerleri okside karbon siyahından yüksek olarak bulunmuştur.
İyileştirilmiş Hummers yönteminde grafit yerine karbon siyahının belli
miktarlarda kullanılmasının ürün özelliklerinin grafen oksitten çok uzaklaşmaması
için gerekli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, okside karbon siyahının
grafen oksit ile su arıtma ve elektronik uygulamalar gibi potansiyel
endüstriyel uygulamalar bakımından kıyaslanması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.  

Keywords

İyileştirilmiş Hummers Yöntemi, Grafen Oksit, Karbon Siyahı, Kimyasal Oksidasyon, Ömrünü Tamamlamış Atık Lastikler

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