Abstract
In this study, the muscle equivalent tissue models were
examined for unavoidable electromagnetic radiation from various devices which
used in daily life. Nowadays, daily exposure growing because of the increasing
use of electromagnetic field-emitting devices and their widespread diversity of
the frequency and power levels. Electromagnetic waves make different effects in
different frequencies and different strengths human body. This effect causes
some changes in body by heating or chemically. In this study, for different
frequencies such as 900 and 1800 MHz frequencies for mobile phone and 2.45 GHz
frequency for wireless communication devices and also the 27.12 MHz frequency
for medical devices, physiotherapy treatment (short-wave diathermy), muscle
equivalent liquid models are aimed for determining their effects on human
muscle tissue. Thermal changes in this phantom were measured for validation on
the model of electromagnetic exposure as well.
References
- Association of Radio Industries and Buisinesses (ARIB), 1998. ARIB-STD- T56, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Estimation for Cellular Phone.
- Chou, C., Chen, G., Guy, A.W., Luk, K.H., 1984. Formulas for preparing phantom muscle tissue at various radiofrequencies. Bioelectromagnetics 5, pp. 435-441.
- Durney, C.H., 1986. Radiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook.
- Hartsgrove, G., Kraszewski, A., Surowiec, A., 1987. Simulated Biological Materials for Electromagnetic Radiation Absorption Studies. Bioelectromagnetics 8, pp. 29-36.
- Leonard, J.B., Foster, K.R., Athey, T.W., 1984. Thermal properties of tissue equivalent phantom materials. IEEE Trans.Biomed, Eng. 31, 533–6.
- M. Kahriman et al., "Low Cost System Design to Measure and Analyze of Temperature Rise Caused by 2450 MHz RF Energy in Human Phantom Model", Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 27, pp. 92-102, 2016.
- N. Pasquino, Measurement and analysis of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the GSM band, Measurement, Volume 109, 2017, Pages 373-383.
- Özdinç Polat L.N., Elektromanyetik Alan Yayıcı Cihazların Kas Dokusunda Oluşturduğu Etkinin Modellenmesi Ve Analizi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, 2011.
- Özdinç Polat L.N., Çömlekçi S. , "Modelling of SAR Distribution and Temperature increase in muscle tissue of electromagnetic field exposure ", TIPTEKNO 2016, ANTALYA, TÜRKIYE, 27-29 Ekim 2016, ss.1-1.
- Sevgi L., 2000. Elektromanyetik Kirlilik, Cep Telefonları ve Baz İstasyonları. EMO İstanbul Şubesi Bülteni, Ocak-Temmuz 2000 sayısı.
- Surowiec, A., Shrivastava, P.N., Astrahan, M., Petrovich, Z., 1992. Utilization of a multilayer polyacrylamide phantom for evaluation of hyperthermia applicators. International journal of hyperthermia, Vol. 8, No. 6, 795-807.
- T. Wessapan, P. Rattanadecho, Temperature induced in human organs due to near-field and far-field electromagnetic exposure effects, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 119, 2018, Pages 65-76.
- Wang, C., Shen, G.X., Yuan, J., Qu, P., Wu, B., 2005. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the relationship among SAR, tissues and radio frequencies in MRI. Physica Medica, Vol 21; Num 2, pages 61-64.
- Watanabe, S., Akiyama, Y., Ishikawa, R., Yamanaka, Y., 2000. Tissue-equivalent liquid for experimental estimation of local SAR caused by hand-held amateur radio communication devices. Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, vol.1, pp.241-244.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada günlük hayatta maruziyetinden sakınılamayan
farklı frekanslardaki cihazların oluşturduğu elektromanyetik yayılım için kas
eşdeğer modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Günümüzde elektromanyetik alan yayan
cihazların kullanımının giderek yaygınlaşması maruz kalınan frekans ve güç
seviyelerinin çeşitliliğini artırmaktadır. Elektromanyetik dalgalar farklı
güçlerde ve farklı frekanslarda, insan vücudunda değişik etkilerde
bulunmaktadır. Bu etkiler vücutta dokuları ısıtmakta veya kimyasal yoldan
değişimlere yol açmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, 900 MHz ve 1800 MHz frekanslarındaki
cep telefonu, 2.45 GHz frekansındaki kablosuz haberleşme cihazlarının ve ayrıca
27.12 MHz frekansındaki tıbbi fizyoterapi tedavi cihazlarının (kısa dalga
diatermi) insan kas dokusu üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amaçlı kas eşdeğer
sıvıları oluşturulmuştur. Bu oluşturulan fantom model üzerinde elektromanyetik
maruziyetin neden olduğu ısıl değişimler ölçülmüştür.
Keywords
References
- Association of Radio Industries and Buisinesses (ARIB), 1998. ARIB-STD- T56, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Estimation for Cellular Phone.
- Chou, C., Chen, G., Guy, A.W., Luk, K.H., 1984. Formulas for preparing phantom muscle tissue at various radiofrequencies. Bioelectromagnetics 5, pp. 435-441.
- Durney, C.H., 1986. Radiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook.
- Hartsgrove, G., Kraszewski, A., Surowiec, A., 1987. Simulated Biological Materials for Electromagnetic Radiation Absorption Studies. Bioelectromagnetics 8, pp. 29-36.
- Leonard, J.B., Foster, K.R., Athey, T.W., 1984. Thermal properties of tissue equivalent phantom materials. IEEE Trans.Biomed, Eng. 31, 533–6.
- M. Kahriman et al., "Low Cost System Design to Measure and Analyze of Temperature Rise Caused by 2450 MHz RF Energy in Human Phantom Model", Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 27, pp. 92-102, 2016.
- N. Pasquino, Measurement and analysis of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the GSM band, Measurement, Volume 109, 2017, Pages 373-383.
- Özdinç Polat L.N., Elektromanyetik Alan Yayıcı Cihazların Kas Dokusunda Oluşturduğu Etkinin Modellenmesi Ve Analizi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta, 2011.
- Özdinç Polat L.N., Çömlekçi S. , "Modelling of SAR Distribution and Temperature increase in muscle tissue of electromagnetic field exposure ", TIPTEKNO 2016, ANTALYA, TÜRKIYE, 27-29 Ekim 2016, ss.1-1.
- Sevgi L., 2000. Elektromanyetik Kirlilik, Cep Telefonları ve Baz İstasyonları. EMO İstanbul Şubesi Bülteni, Ocak-Temmuz 2000 sayısı.
- Surowiec, A., Shrivastava, P.N., Astrahan, M., Petrovich, Z., 1992. Utilization of a multilayer polyacrylamide phantom for evaluation of hyperthermia applicators. International journal of hyperthermia, Vol. 8, No. 6, 795-807.
- T. Wessapan, P. Rattanadecho, Temperature induced in human organs due to near-field and far-field electromagnetic exposure effects, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 119, 2018, Pages 65-76.
- Wang, C., Shen, G.X., Yuan, J., Qu, P., Wu, B., 2005. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the relationship among SAR, tissues and radio frequencies in MRI. Physica Medica, Vol 21; Num 2, pages 61-64.
- Watanabe, S., Akiyama, Y., Ishikawa, R., Yamanaka, Y., 2000. Tissue-equivalent liquid for experimental estimation of local SAR caused by hand-held amateur radio communication devices. Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, vol.1, pp.241-244.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Electrical Engineering |
| Journal Section | Araştırma Articlessi \ Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 15, 2019 |
| Submission Date | December 5, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | March 8, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 |