Türkiye, ekolojik
koşulların uygunluğu nedeniyle, bazı tropik meyveler dışında tüm meyvelerin
ekonomik olarak üretilebildiği nadir ülkeler arasındadır. Özellikle meyve
üretiminde narenciye önemli bir paya sahiptir. TÜİK verilerine göre 2016
yılında 1.373.037 ton mandalina, 1.850.000 ton portakal üretimi yapılmıştır.
Ülkemizdeki narenciye hasadı sıklıkla elle yapılmaktadır. İşçiler hasat
sırasında farklı yüklenmelere maruz kalmaktadır. Bu yüklenmelerin belirlenmesi
için İzmir ili Seferihisar ilçesinde bulunan mandalina bahçesinde hasat işlemi
sırasında ergonomik açıdan incelemeler yapılmış ve 50 işçi arasından tesadüfi
olarak seçilen 30 çalışandan gerçek zamanlı ölçümler alınmıştır.
All fruits except for some tropical fruits can be produced economically in Turkey. Especially in fruit production, citrus has an important share. According to TUIK data, 1.373.037 tons of mandarin, 1.850.000 tons of orange were produced in 2016. The citrus harvest is usually done by hand. Workers are exposed to different loads during harvest. In order to determine these loads, ergonomic inspections were carried out during the harvesting process in the mandarin horticulture in Seferihisar, Izmir. Harvesting time (real time) measurements were taken from 30 labors randomly selected from 50.
Workers perform three basic tasks, which were grouped as climbing, cutting and transport during harvesting. Harvesting is carried out on thick branches and personal protective equipment is not used except for gloves. The dominant hand paw force values of the workers who harvest with scissors were measured as 320 N before harvest and at the end of harvest, this value decreased by 14%. During the harvest camera recordings were taken of workers physical loading and posture disturbances. Cutting and picking the fruit on tree branches and transport of baskets on the back was identified as the most labor intensive works. Transport repeated periodically from harvested trees to the main collection area. According to the size of the harvesting area, the transportation time and distance are increasing. Labors continues to work despite the climatic negativity like, rain and cold.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Engineering |
Journal Section | ÖS: ERGONOMI2017 |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 24, 2018 |
Submission Date | November 27, 2017 |
Acceptance Date | November 25, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 6 |