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Investigation of the Views of Biology Teachers on Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 246 - 258, 01.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.792984

Abstract

Coronavirus disease has caused the death of many people since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Countries have implemented emergency action plans in many areas to prevent the disease from spreading further. In order to reduce the spread of the disease throughout the country, there has been a transition to distance education in the Turkish education system. In this research, it is aimed to determine the views of biology teachers about distance education in COVID-19 Pandemic process. The research using phenomenological study was carried out with 62 biology teachers. Semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers was used to collect the data. The data were evaluated by using content analysis method. As a result of the research, it has been determined that distance education increases technology use, cooperation, empathy and positive thinking about lessons. However, it has been determined that there are problems arising from the lack of technological infrastructure and knowledge. It has been understood that in order for the distance education systems to be applied in situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the technological infrastructure and the knowledge of the stakeholders should be improved.

References

  • Bao, W. (2020). COVID‐19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191
  • Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to Online Education in Schools during a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0060. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7937
  • Bolliger, D. U. & Wasilik, O. (2009). Factors influencing faculty satisfaction with online teaching and learning in higher education. Distance Education, 30(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910902845949
  • Broadbent, J., Panadero, E., & Boud, D. (2018). Implementing Summative assessment with a Formative flavour: A case study in a large class. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(2), 307-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1343455
  • Burgess, S., & Sievertsen, H. H. (2020). Schools, skills, and learning: The impact of COVID-19 on education. Retrived from: https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education
  • Cabı, E. (2018). Teaching computer literacy via distance education: Experiences of the instructors. Başkent University Journal of Education, 5(1), 61-68. Retrieved from: http://buje.baskent.edu.tr/index.php/buje/article/view/93
  • Can, E. (2020). Coronavirus (Covıd-19) pandemic and pedagogical reflections: Open and distance education applications in Turkey. AUAd, 6(2), 11-53. Retrieved from: http://auad.anadolu.edu.tr/yonetim/icerik/makaleler/515-published.pdf
  • Chao, T., Saj, T., & Tessier, F. (2006). Establishing a quality review for online courses. Educause Quarterly, 29(3), 32-38. Retrieved from: https://er.educause.edu/-/media/files/article-downloads/eqm0635.pdf
  • Chmiliar, l. (2010). Multiple-case designs. In A. J. Mills, G. Eurepas & E. Wiebe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of case study research (pp 582-583). USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (5th Ed.). London and New York: Routledge Falmer.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches ( 2. Baskı). USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Dikmenli, M., Kılıç, S., & Çardak, O. (2018). High School Students’ Images of “Biology Teacher”. Journal of Education and Practice, 9(4), 29-35. Retrieved from: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/41116/42277
  • Erten, S. (2008). Interests of 5th throuhg 10th grade students toward human biology. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(35), 135-147. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/hunefd/issue/7803/102281
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E. & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (7. ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Gikandi, J.W., Morrow, D., & Davis, N.E. (2011). Online formative assessment in higher education: A review of the literature. Computers & Education, 57(4), 2333-2351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.004.
  • Gök, T. (2015). The evaluations of the college students’ perceptions on distance education from the point of the technical and educational factors. The Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 16(2), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.19025
  • Gregory, M. S. J. & Lodge, J. M. (2015). Academic workload: the silent barrier to the implementation of technology-enhanced learning strategies in higher education. Distance Education, 36(2), 210-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2015.1055056
  • Kaya, A.Y., Fışkın, R., & Nas, S. (2013). The content analysis of the articles published in “safety science” journal between 2006-2010. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 121-139.
  • Li, F., Zhou, M., & Fan, B. (2014). Can distance education increase educational equality? Evidence from the expansion of Chinese higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 39(10), 1811-1822. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2013.806462
  • Luo, N.,Zhang, M. ve Qi, D. (2017). Effects of different interactions on students' sense of community in e-learning environment. Computers & Education, 115, 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.08.006
  • Madigan, M.T., Bender, K.S., Buckley, D.H., Sattley, W. M., & Stahl, D.A. (2019). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. Pearson Education Limited, USA.
  • Mattheis, A., Ingram, D., Jensen, M. S., & Jackson, J. (2015). Examining high school anatomy and physiology teacher experience in a cadaver dissection laboratory and impacts on practice. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13(3), 535-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-013-9507-8
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. Baskıdan Çeviri, Çeviri Editörü: S. Turan). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (2012). Distance education: A systems view of online learning (3th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Nicol, D. J., & Macfarlane-Dick, D. (2006). Formative assessment and self-regulated learning: A model and seven principles of good feedback practice. Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), 199-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572090
  • Özer, M . (2020). Educational Policy Actions by the Ministry of National Education in the times of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 28(3), Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefdergi/issue/54020/722280
  • Özgöl, M., Sarikaya, İ., & Öztürk, M. (2017). Students’ and teaching staff’s assessments regarding distance education applications in formal education. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 7(2), 294-304. http://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2017.208
  • Rasmussen, S.A., Smulian, J.C., Lednicky, J.A., Wen, T.S., & Jamieson, D.J. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 222(5),415-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017
  • Reece, J.B, Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P.V. & Jackson, R.B. (2017). Campbell biology (Eleventh Edition).USA: Pearson Education.
  • Richardson, J.C., Koehler, A., Besser, E., Caskurlu, S. Lim, J., & Mueller, C. (2015). Conceptualizing and investigating instructor presence in online learning environments. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(3), 256-297. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v16i3.2123
  • Shute, V. J., & Kim, Y. J. (2014). Formative and stealth assessment. In J. M. Spector, M. D. Merrill, J. Elen, M. J. Bishop (Eds.). Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 311-321). New York, NY, US: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5
  • Tanner, K., & Allen, D. (2005). Approaches to biology teaching and learning: understanding the wrong answers—teaching toward conceptual change. Cell Biology Education, 4(2), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.05-02-0068
  • Teclehaimanot, B., & Marshall, H. (2020). Faculty members’ best practice standarts in the design of higher education online courses. 39th annual Proceedings, 1, 125-135. Retrieved from: https://www.tresystems.com/proceedings/documents/2016_lasvegas_volume1.pdf#page=133
  • The Council of Higher Education (YÖK) (2020, 03 29). Press briefing. Retrieved from: www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/2020/universitelerde-uygulanacak-uzaktan-egitime-iliskin-aciklama.aspx. Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for higher education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0063. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
  • Velavan, T.P., & Meyer, C.G. (2020). The COVID-19 epidemic. Tropical medicine & international health: TM & IH, 25(3), 278–280. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
  • Yamamoto, G.T., & Altun, D. (2020). The Coronavirus and the rising of online education. Journal of University Research, 3(1), 25-34. Retrieved from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/uad/issue/53721/702735
  • Yildirim, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yilmaz, M., Çimen, O., Karakaya, F.,& Üçüncü, G . (2018).The situations causing examination anxieties towards human anatomy and physiology topics of preschool teacher candidates and factors reducing anxiety. Anadolu Öğretmen Dergisi, 2(1), 1-18. Retrieved from: http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/aod/issue/37865/432332
  • Zhou, L., Wu, S., Zhou, M., & Li, F. (2020). 'School’s out, but class’ on', the largest online education in the world today: Taking China’s practical exploration during the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control as an example. Best Evid Chin Edu 2020, 4(2), 501-519. https://doi.org/10.15354/bece.20.ar023
  • Zhou, T., Huang, S., Cheng, J., & Xiao, Y. (2020). The distance teaching practice of combined mode of massive open online course micro-video for interns in emergency department during the COVID-19 epidemic period. Telemedicine and e-Health. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2020.0079
Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 246 - 258, 01.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.792984

Abstract

References

  • Bao, W. (2020). COVID‐19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191
  • Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to Online Education in Schools during a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0060. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7937
  • Bolliger, D. U. & Wasilik, O. (2009). Factors influencing faculty satisfaction with online teaching and learning in higher education. Distance Education, 30(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910902845949
  • Broadbent, J., Panadero, E., & Boud, D. (2018). Implementing Summative assessment with a Formative flavour: A case study in a large class. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(2), 307-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1343455
  • Burgess, S., & Sievertsen, H. H. (2020). Schools, skills, and learning: The impact of COVID-19 on education. Retrived from: https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education
  • Cabı, E. (2018). Teaching computer literacy via distance education: Experiences of the instructors. Başkent University Journal of Education, 5(1), 61-68. Retrieved from: http://buje.baskent.edu.tr/index.php/buje/article/view/93
  • Can, E. (2020). Coronavirus (Covıd-19) pandemic and pedagogical reflections: Open and distance education applications in Turkey. AUAd, 6(2), 11-53. Retrieved from: http://auad.anadolu.edu.tr/yonetim/icerik/makaleler/515-published.pdf
  • Chao, T., Saj, T., & Tessier, F. (2006). Establishing a quality review for online courses. Educause Quarterly, 29(3), 32-38. Retrieved from: https://er.educause.edu/-/media/files/article-downloads/eqm0635.pdf
  • Chmiliar, l. (2010). Multiple-case designs. In A. J. Mills, G. Eurepas & E. Wiebe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of case study research (pp 582-583). USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (5th Ed.). London and New York: Routledge Falmer.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches ( 2. Baskı). USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Dikmenli, M., Kılıç, S., & Çardak, O. (2018). High School Students’ Images of “Biology Teacher”. Journal of Education and Practice, 9(4), 29-35. Retrieved from: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/41116/42277
  • Erten, S. (2008). Interests of 5th throuhg 10th grade students toward human biology. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(35), 135-147. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/hunefd/issue/7803/102281
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E. & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (7. ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Gikandi, J.W., Morrow, D., & Davis, N.E. (2011). Online formative assessment in higher education: A review of the literature. Computers & Education, 57(4), 2333-2351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.004.
  • Gök, T. (2015). The evaluations of the college students’ perceptions on distance education from the point of the technical and educational factors. The Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 16(2), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.19025
  • Gregory, M. S. J. & Lodge, J. M. (2015). Academic workload: the silent barrier to the implementation of technology-enhanced learning strategies in higher education. Distance Education, 36(2), 210-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2015.1055056
  • Kaya, A.Y., Fışkın, R., & Nas, S. (2013). The content analysis of the articles published in “safety science” journal between 2006-2010. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 121-139.
  • Li, F., Zhou, M., & Fan, B. (2014). Can distance education increase educational equality? Evidence from the expansion of Chinese higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 39(10), 1811-1822. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2013.806462
  • Luo, N.,Zhang, M. ve Qi, D. (2017). Effects of different interactions on students' sense of community in e-learning environment. Computers & Education, 115, 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.08.006
  • Madigan, M.T., Bender, K.S., Buckley, D.H., Sattley, W. M., & Stahl, D.A. (2019). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. Pearson Education Limited, USA.
  • Mattheis, A., Ingram, D., Jensen, M. S., & Jackson, J. (2015). Examining high school anatomy and physiology teacher experience in a cadaver dissection laboratory and impacts on practice. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13(3), 535-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-013-9507-8
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. Baskıdan Çeviri, Çeviri Editörü: S. Turan). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (2012). Distance education: A systems view of online learning (3th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Nicol, D. J., & Macfarlane-Dick, D. (2006). Formative assessment and self-regulated learning: A model and seven principles of good feedback practice. Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), 199-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572090
  • Özer, M . (2020). Educational Policy Actions by the Ministry of National Education in the times of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 28(3), Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefdergi/issue/54020/722280
  • Özgöl, M., Sarikaya, İ., & Öztürk, M. (2017). Students’ and teaching staff’s assessments regarding distance education applications in formal education. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 7(2), 294-304. http://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2017.208
  • Rasmussen, S.A., Smulian, J.C., Lednicky, J.A., Wen, T.S., & Jamieson, D.J. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 222(5),415-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017
  • Reece, J.B, Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P.V. & Jackson, R.B. (2017). Campbell biology (Eleventh Edition).USA: Pearson Education.
  • Richardson, J.C., Koehler, A., Besser, E., Caskurlu, S. Lim, J., & Mueller, C. (2015). Conceptualizing and investigating instructor presence in online learning environments. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(3), 256-297. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v16i3.2123
  • Shute, V. J., & Kim, Y. J. (2014). Formative and stealth assessment. In J. M. Spector, M. D. Merrill, J. Elen, M. J. Bishop (Eds.). Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 311-321). New York, NY, US: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5
  • Tanner, K., & Allen, D. (2005). Approaches to biology teaching and learning: understanding the wrong answers—teaching toward conceptual change. Cell Biology Education, 4(2), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.05-02-0068
  • Teclehaimanot, B., & Marshall, H. (2020). Faculty members’ best practice standarts in the design of higher education online courses. 39th annual Proceedings, 1, 125-135. Retrieved from: https://www.tresystems.com/proceedings/documents/2016_lasvegas_volume1.pdf#page=133
  • The Council of Higher Education (YÖK) (2020, 03 29). Press briefing. Retrieved from: www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/2020/universitelerde-uygulanacak-uzaktan-egitime-iliskin-aciklama.aspx. Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for higher education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0063. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
  • Velavan, T.P., & Meyer, C.G. (2020). The COVID-19 epidemic. Tropical medicine & international health: TM & IH, 25(3), 278–280. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
  • Yamamoto, G.T., & Altun, D. (2020). The Coronavirus and the rising of online education. Journal of University Research, 3(1), 25-34. Retrieved from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/uad/issue/53721/702735
  • Yildirim, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yilmaz, M., Çimen, O., Karakaya, F.,& Üçüncü, G . (2018).The situations causing examination anxieties towards human anatomy and physiology topics of preschool teacher candidates and factors reducing anxiety. Anadolu Öğretmen Dergisi, 2(1), 1-18. Retrieved from: http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/aod/issue/37865/432332
  • Zhou, L., Wu, S., Zhou, M., & Li, F. (2020). 'School’s out, but class’ on', the largest online education in the world today: Taking China’s practical exploration during the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control as an example. Best Evid Chin Edu 2020, 4(2), 501-519. https://doi.org/10.15354/bece.20.ar023
  • Zhou, T., Huang, S., Cheng, J., & Xiao, Y. (2020). The distance teaching practice of combined mode of massive open online course micro-video for interns in emergency department during the COVID-19 epidemic period. Telemedicine and e-Health. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2020.0079
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Special Education and Disabled Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ferhat Karakaya

Selçuk Arık 0000-0003-4496-8104

Osman Çimen

Mehmet Yılmaz 0000-0001-6700-6579

Publication Date October 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 6 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Karakaya, F., Arık, S., Çimen, O., Yılmaz, M. (2020). Investigation of the Views of Biology Teachers on Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education in Science Environment and Health, 6(4), 246-258. https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.792984

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