Do vocational college students ready for online learning in post-COVID instruction?

Year 2022, , 432 - 442, 31.05.2022

Harun Cigdem , Umut Birkan Özkan

https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.1074913

Cited By: 6

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the readiness level of vocational college students for online learning according to various variables. The sample of the study included 334 (231 freshmen and 103 sophomore) students studying at a vocational college of a state university in Turkiye. Data collection tool used in the research consisted of Student Demographics Form and Online Learning Readiness Scale. Quantitative data obtained from the study were statistically analyzed with Three Factor MANOVA for independent groups. The findings showed that the average level of readiness for online learning of participants was at good extent, the dimension with the highest average was online communication self-efficacy, and with the lowest average was computer/internet self-efficacy. It was determined that the level of readiness for online learning of participants did not differ significantly according to the graduated high school, department and grade level. Readiness for online learning needs to be considered in detail to help all students use online tools for learning in order to get the most out of their post-COVID education. It is recommended that students be provided with opportunities to improve their readiness for online learning, which is necessary for them to continue their lifelong learning.

Keywords

online learning, readiness, vocational college

References

• Alem, F., Plaisent, M., Zuccaro, C., & Bernard, P. (2016). Measuring e-Learning Readiness Concept: Scale Development and Validation Using Structural Equation Modeling. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 6(4), 193-207. DOI:10.17706/ijeeee.2016.6.4.193-207
• Allam, S. N. S., Hassan, M. S., Sultan, R., Mohideen, A. F. R., & Kamal, R. M. (2020). Online distance learning readiness during covid-19 outbreak among undergraduate students. Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(5), 642–657. DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i5/7236
• Ates Cobanoglu, A., & Cobanoglu, I. (2021). Do Turkish student teachers feel ready for online learning in post-covid times? A study of online learning readiness. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22 (3) , 270-280. DOI: 10.17718/tojde.961847
• Budzar, M. A., Ali, A., & Tariq, R. U. H. (2016). Emotional Intelligence as a Determinant of Readiness for Online Learning. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(1). DOI:10.19173/irrodl.v17i1.2149
• Callo, E. C., & Yazon, A. D. (2020). Exploring the factors influencing the readiness of faculty and students on online teaching and learning as an alternative delivery mode for the new normal. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(8), 3509–3518. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2020.080826
• Cakir, O., & Horzum, M. B. (2015). The examination of the readiness levels of teacher candidates for online learning in terms of various variables. Journal of Theory & Practice in Education (JTPE), 11(1), 1-15.
• Cattaneo, A. A. P., Antonietti, C. & Rauseo. M. (2022). How digitalised are vocational teachers? Assessing digital competence in vocational education and looking at its underlying factors. Computers & Education, 176: 104358. DOI:10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104358
• Cigdem, H., & Ozturk, M. (2016). Critical Components of Online Learning Readiness and Their Relationships with Learner Achievement. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 17(2), 98-109. DOI:10.17718/tojde.09105
• Cigdem, H., & Yildirim, O. G. (2014). Effects of Students’ Characteristics on Online Learning Readiness: A Vocational College Example. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 15(3), 80-93. DOI:10.17718/tojde.69439
• Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J.D., (2017). The Selection of a Research Approach. Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Michigan, USA: Sage Publishing, pp. 3-22.
• Dorsah, P. (2021). Pre-service Teachers’ Readiness for Emergency Remote Learning in the Wake of COVID-19. European Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 01. DOI:10.20897/ejsteme/9557
• Dube, S., & Scott, E. (2017). A Survey of the University Students’ Perspectives about Using Digital Technologies in Education: Zimbabwean Case. IAFOR Journal of Education, 5(1). DOI:10.22492/ije.5.1.07
• Engin, M. (2017). Analysis of Students’ Online Learning Readiness Based on Their Emotional Intelligence Level. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(12A), 32-40. DOI:10.13189/ujer.2017.051306
• Estira, K. L. A. (2020). Online distance learning readiness of business administration students in one state university in the Philippines. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(12), 826–832. DOI:10.31838/jcr.07.12.146
• Geng, S., Law, K.M.Y. & Niu, B. Investigating self-directed learning and technology readiness in blending learning environment. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 16, 17 (2019). DOI:10.1186/s41239-019-0147-0
• George, D., & Mallery. P. (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics 23 Step by Step A Simple Guide and Reference (14th ed.). New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis.
• Hajjar, S. T. (2018). Statistical analysis: Internal-consistency reliability and construct validity. International Journal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods, 6(1), 27-38.
• Hamann, K., Glazier, R. A., Wilson, B. M., & Pollock, P. H. (2020). Online teaching, student success, and retention in political science courses. Eur Polit Sci 20, 427–439, DOI:10.1057/s41304-020-00282-x
• Horzum, M. B., Kaymak, Z. D., & Gungoren, O. C. (2015). Structural Equation Modeling Towards Online Learning Readiness, Academic Motivations, and Perceived Learning. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(3), 759 - 770. DOI:10.12738/estp.2015.3.2410
• Hung, M.-L., Chou, C., Chen, C.-H., & Own, Z.-Y. (2010). Learner readiness for online learning: Scale development and student perceptions. Computers & Education, 55(3), 1080-1090. DOI:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.004
• Ibrahim, M. M., & Nat, M. (2019). Blended learning motivation model for instructors in higher education institutions. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-21. DOI:10.1186/s41239-019-0145-2
• Ilgaz, H. & Gulbahar, Y. (2015). A Snapshot of online learners: e-readiness, e-satisfaction and expectations. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(2), 171-187. DOI:10.19173/irrodl.v16i2.2117
• Kalkan, N. (2020). Investigation of e-learning readiness levels of university students studying in different departments. African Educational Research Journal, 8(3), 533–539. DOI: 10.30918/AERJ.83.20.110
• Kalman, R., Esparza, M. M., & Weston, C. (2020). Student views of the online learning process during the covid-19 pandemic: A comparison of upper-level and entry-level undergraduate perspectives. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(9), 3353–3357. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00712
• Kayaoğlu, M. N. & Dağ Akbaş, R. (2016). Online learning readiness: a case study in the field of english for medical purposes. Participatory Educational Research (PER), 4(2), 212-220.
• Kırmızı, Ö. (2015). The Influence of Learner Readiness on Student Satisfaction and Academic Achievement in an Online Program at Higher Education. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 14(1), 133-142.
• Liu, J. C. (2019). Evaluating Online Learning Orientation Design with a Readiness Scale. Online Learning, 23(4). DOI:10.24059/olj.v23i4.2078
• Morgan, G. A., Leech, N. L., Gloeckner, G. W., & Barrett, K. C. (2004). SPSS for introductory statistics: Use and interpretation (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Morrison, D. (2003). E-learning strategies: how to get implementation and delivery right first time. Chichester, Jhon Wiley & Sons.
• Naji, K. K., Du, X., Tarlochan, F., Ebead, U., Hasan, M. A., & Al-Ali, A. K. (2020). Engineering students’ readiness to transition to emergency online learning in response to COVID-19: Case of Qatar. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(10), 1–17. DOI:10.29333/ejmste/8474
• Neupane, H. C., Sharma, K., & Joshi, A. (2020). Readiness for the online classes during covid-19 pandemic among students of Chitwan medical college. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 18(2), 316–319. DOI:10.33314/jnhrc.v18i2.2725
• Pillay, H., Irving, K., & Tones, M. (2007). Validation of the diagnostic tool for assessing tertiary students’ readiness for online learning. High Education Research & Development, 26(2), 217-234. DOI:10.1080/07294360701310821
• Rafique, G. M., Mahmood, K., Warraich, N. F., & Rehman, S. U. (2021). Readiness for Online Learning during COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of Pakistani LIS students. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(3), 102346. DOI:10.1016/j.acalib.2021.102346
• Tsai, M.-J. (2009). The Model of Strategic e-Learning: Understanding and Evaluating Student e-Learning from Metacognitive Perspectives. Educational Technology & Society, 12 (1), 34–48.
• Warner, D., Christie, G. & Choy, S. (1998). Readiness of VET clients for flexible delivery including on-line learning. Brisbane: Australian National Training Authority.
• Watkins, R., Leigh, D., & Triner, D. (2004). Assessing readiness for online learning. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 17(4), 66–79. DOI:10.1111/j.1937-8327.2004.tb00321.x
• Wei, HC. & Chou, C. (2020) Online learning performance and satisfaction: do perceptions and readiness matter? Distance Education, 41:1, 48-69, DOI: 10.1080/01587919.2020.1724768
• Yasin, N. M., & Ong, M. H. (2020). A blended learning model of technology access and technical self-efficacy: Multiple mediator effects on student readiness. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 1–13. DOI:10.5373/JARDCS/V12I3/20201220
• Yu, T. & Richardson, J.C. (2015) An Exploratory Factor Analysis and Reliability Analysis of the Student Online Learning Readiness (SOLR) Instrument. Online Learning, 19, 120-141. DOI:10.24059/olj.v19i5.593
• Yurdugül, H., & Demir, ¨O (2017). An investigation of Pre-service Teachers' Readiness for E-learning at Undergraduate Level Teacher Training Programs: The Case of Hacettepe University. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education) 32(4): 896-915. DOI:10.16986/HUJE.2016022763