EVALUATION OF ROUNDUP® TOXICITY IN HUMAN LUNG CELLS

Year 2023, Volume: 47 Issue: 1, 260 - 268, 20.01.2023

Burcu Ünlü Endirlik , Elçin Bakır , Aysun Ökçesiz , Zuhal Hamurcu , Ayşe Eken , Aylin Gürbay

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1200312

Abstract

Objective: In this study, toxic effects of Roundup, one of the most common glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), were assessed on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).

Material and Method: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and neutral red uptake assays were implemented for evaluation of cell viability at 24 and 48 h. Apoptosis detection was made by Muse analyzer while Hoechst staining was employed to detect apoptotic nuclear changes. In addition, dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay was used for the assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.

Result and Discussion: Similar half maximal inhibitory concentrations were obtained from cytotoxicity assays. Results showed that significant reduction in the viability of BEAS-2B cells started to occur from 200 µM at 24 h and 50 µM at 48 h treatment times. Roundup treatments were found to cause apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in both time points and apoptosis increased with increasing exposure time. Moreover, it was observed that cellular ROS formation was induced following Roundup exposure. These findings suggest that GBHs can stimulate ROS production, as well as apoptosis on healthy human lung cells which is important considering inhalation is one of the primary exposure routes to this group of chemicals.  

Keywords

Apoptosis, glyphosate, lung cells, reactive oxygen species, toxicity

Supporting Institution

Erciyes University

Project Number

THD-2018-8670; THD-2018-8671

İNSAN AKCİĞER HÜCRELERİNDE ROUNDUP® TOKSİSİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, en yaygın olarak kullanılan glifosat bazlı herbisitlerden (GBH) biri olan Roundup’ın, insan bronşiyal epitel hücrelerine (BEAS-2B) toksik etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Hücre canlılığının 24 ve 48 saatte değerlendirilmesi amacıyla 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetrazolyum bromür ve nötral red alım testleri uygulanmıştır. Apoptoz tespiti için Muse analiz cihazı; apoptotik nükleer değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi için Hoechst boyama tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca reaktif oksijen türleri (ROT) oluşumunun değerlendirilmesi için diklorofloresin diasetat yöntemi uygulanmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Her iki sitotoksisite testinden benzer yarı maksimal inhibisyon konsantrasyonları elde edilmiştir. 24 saatte 200 µM, 48 saatte ise 50 µM maruziyetten sonra BEAS-2B hücrelerinin canlılığında önemli ölçüde azalma olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Her iki zamanda da Roundup maruziyetinin doza bağlı olarak apoptoza neden olduğu ve apoptozun maruz kalma süresinin uzamasıyla arttığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, Roundup maruziyeti sonrasında hücresel ROT oluşumunun indüklendiği gözlenmiştir. Bu bulgular GBH’lerin sağlıklı insan akciğer hücrelerinde ROT üretimini ve apoptozu arttırdığını göstermektedir. GBH’lere başlıca maruziyet yollarından birinin inhalasyon olduğu göz önüne alındığında bu çalışmanın sonuçları önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords

Apoptosis, glyphosate, lung cells, reactive oxygen species, toxicity

Project Number

THD-2018-8670; THD-2018-8671

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