Vegetation Cover Change of Çeşme Alaçatı Wind Power Plant Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 204 - 211, 30.09.2017

Gökhan Balik , Erden Aktaş , Ayşe Kalayci Önaç , Tanay Birişçi

Abstract

The environmental impacts of wind power plants, one
of the most widely used renewable energy sources in the world, are still being
discussed. In this study, the effects of Çeşme Alaçatı Wind Power Plant on vegetation
cover change are evaluated by using normalized difference vegetation index
(NDVI) between the pre and post-turbine periods. The satellite images of SPOT
June 1996 and Pleiades June 2014 have been used for the analysis process.
According to the results of the study; it has been determined that the presence
of plants increased by 1.3% in the whole area including the health protection
band. However, the results showed that the rate of plant presence has been
decreased by 27.1 % in the main area excluding the health protection band. Only
spatial changes and field studies were considered in evaluations for vegetation
cover change.

Keywords

Wind power plant, NDVI, GIS, vegetation cover, Çeşme

References

• Abbasi T, Premalatha M, Abbasi T, Abbasi SA, (2013) Wind Energy: Increasing Deployment, Rising Environmental Concerns. Renew. & Sust. Ener. Rev. 31, 270–288.
• Anim OD, Kabo-bah AT, Nkrumah NP, Murava RT, (2013) Evaluation of NDVI Using SPOT-5 Satellite Data for Northern Ghana. Environ. Manag. & Sust. Develop. 2, 167-182.
• Bayraktar Y, Kaya Hİ, (2016) Yenilenebilir Enerji Politikaları ve Rüzgâr Enerjisi Açısından Bir Karşılaştırma: Çin, Almanya ve Türkiye Örneği. International Journal of Economic Studies, 2, (4), 1-18, e-ISSN: 2249-8377.
• Bozdoğan, B., (2003) Mimari Tasarım ve Ekoloji. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 130s. İstanbul.
• Bradley CMSc, Biol P, Neville M, (2010) Minimizing Surface Disturbance of Alberta’s Native Prairie Background to Development of Guidelines for the Wind Energy Industry. http://www.albertapcf.org/rsu_docs/wind-energy-background-final-december-2010.pdf (Access date: 14.02.2014).
• Cowell R, (2009) Wind Power, Landscape and Strategic, Spatial Planning - The Construction of ‘Acceptable Locations’ in Wales. Land Use Policy. Elsevier. 27, 222–232.
• Çoban A, Erol UE, (2015) Türkiye’de Kurulan Rüzgar Enerji Santralleri (RES) Peyzaj Onarım Çalışmalarının Peyzaj Mimarlığı Açısından İrdelenmesi: Osmaniye-Bahçe Rüzgar Enerji Santrali. Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi. 11, 54-74.
• Doğan HM, Kılıç OM, (2014) Tokat İli Bitki Yoğunluk Sınıflarının LANDSAT 7 ETM Uydu Görüntüleri ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile Araştırılması. J. Agri. Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa Un., 31(2014-1), 47-53, Doi: 10.13002/jafag686 (Yayın No: 371570)
• Frantal B, Kunc J, (2010) Wind Turbins in Tourism Landscapes Czech Experiences. Ann. Tourism Res., 38, 499–519.
• Google Earth, (2016) Araştırma Alanı Sınırları, Google Earth Pro 7.3.0.3832, kh.google.com (Access date: 01.09.2016).
• Google Earth, 2017, “Araştırma Alanının Coğrafi Konumu”, Google Earth Pro 7.3.0.3832, kh.google.com (Access Date: 01.07.2017).
• Goward SN, Tucker CJ, Dye DG, (1985) North American Vegetation Patterns Observed with the NOAA-7 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer”. Vegetation. 64, 3-14.
• HGK, (2017) Türkiye Fiziki Haritası, Harita Genel Komutanlığı. https://www.hgk.msb.gov.tr/tematik-haritalar (Access date: 01.07.2017).
• Ishugah TF, Li, Y, Wang, RZ, Kiplagat, J.K. (2014) Advances in Wind Energy Resource Exploitation in Urban Environment: A Review. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 37, 613–626.
• Jaber S, (2013) Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy. J. Clean Energy Techno., 1, 251-254.
• Kokologos D, Tsitoura I, Kouloumpis V, Tsoutsos T, (2014) Visual Impact Assessment Method for Wind Parks: A Case Study in Crete. Land Use Policy. Elsevier. Land Use Policy 39, 110–120.
• Manchado C, Otero C, Gomez-Jauregui V, Arias R, Brushi, V, Cendrero A, (2013) Visibility Analysis and Visibility Software for the Optimisation of Wind Farm Design. Renewable Energy. Vol:60, 388-401.
• Meyerhoff J, Ohl C, Hatje V, (2010) Landscape Externalities from Onshore Wind Power. Energy Policy 38, 82–92.
• Mirasgedis, S., Tourkolias, C., Tzovla, E. and Diakoulaki, D. (2014) Valuing the Visual Impact of Wind Farms: An Application in South Evia, Greece. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 39 (2014), 296–311.
• NASA, (2017) Measuring Vegetation (NDVI& EVI) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/MeasuringVegetation/measuring_vegetation_2.php (Access date: 07.02.2017).
• Shen, G., Xu, B., Jin, Y., Chen, S., Zhang, W., Guo, J., Liu, H., Zhang, Y. and Yang, X. (2017) Monitoring Wind Farms Occupying Grasslands Based on Remote-Sensing Data from China’s GF-2 HD Satellite-A Case Study of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, China. Conservation and Recycling, Volume 121, 2017, Pages 128-136, ISSN 0921-3449, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.06.026.
• Tang, B., Wu, D., Zhao, X., Zhou, T. And Wei, H. (2017) The Observed Impacts of Wind Farms on Local Vegetation Growth in Northern China. Remote Sensing. 2017, 9, 332; doi:10.3390/rs9040332.
• Tsoutsos, T., Tsouchlaraki, A., Tsriopoulus, M. and Serbetsidakis, M. (2009) Visual Impact Evaluation of a Wind Park in a Greek Island. Applied Energy. Vol:86; 546–553.
• Turkyilmaz, B., Kurucu, Y., Bolca, M., Altinbas, U., Esetlili, T., Gulgun, B., Ozen, F., Gencer, G, Guney, A., Hepcan, S. and Ozden, N. (2007) A GIS-Based Model for Rating Natural Protection Areas According to Natural Protection Priorities, International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 14:3, 278-286, DOI: 10.1080/13504500709469728.
• Wolsink M. (2010) Near-Shore Wind Power—Protected Seascapes, Environmentalists’ Attitudes, and the Technocratic Planning Perspective. Land Use Policy 27, 195–203.
• Wu, X. (2016) The Impact of Xilin Gol's Wind Farms on Local Vegetation Growth. American Geophysical Union, Fall General Assembly 12/2016, abstract #A11D-0053.
• Xia, G. and Zhou, L. (2017) Detecting Wind Farm Impacts on Local Vegetation Growth in Texas and Illinois Using MODIS Vegetation Greenness Measurements. Remote Sensing 2017, 9(7), 698; doi:10.3390/rs9070698.
• Yacouba D., Guangdao, H., & Xingping, W. (2009). Assessment of Land Use Cover Changes Using NDVI and DEM in Puer and Simao Counties, Yunnan Province, China. World Rural Observations, 1(2), 1-11.
• Yazici, K., Gülgün, B. and Dursun, Ş. (2016) The Importance Of Appropriate Area Planning and Geographical Information Systems In Growing Ornamental Plants In Turkey. Journal of Ecosystem and Ecology Science, 6(2), 225-232.