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The Landscape of Peace Education Programs in Children’s and Youth Museums

Year 2019, Volume: 1, 50 - 75, 30.11.2019

Abstract

 

Taking on the role of educational community centers, some children’s and youth museums have offered activities designed to help solve social problems. Some museums offer peace education programs since conflict resolution may be the biggest challenge facing today’s multicultural, global society. For the purposes of this article, “peace education” is broadly defined as the process of developing empathy for others and for the planet through mutual respect and conflict resolution. This can only be achieved by a willingness to learn and embrace the attitudes, skills, and behaviors needed to live in harmony with oneself, with others and with natural environment. However, there has not been much research conducted about the peace education programs implemented thus far in museums. The aim of this study wasto examined the landscape of children's and young museums programs  interms of their peace education related goals, process and strategies.After reviewing the existing literature on the subject, we designed a survey and then interviewed museum professionals who have been involved in staging these programs.A total of 239 professionals working in education departments of children’sand youth museums were invited to complete an online survey; 77 responded. The findings suggest that children’sand youth museums are uniquely positioned to bring about meaningful social change by implementing peace education strategies.

References

  • ACM (Association of Children’s Museums). Case for children’s museums. Retrieved December 20, 2013, from http://www.childrensmuseums.org/case-for-childrens-museums.html
  • Ardizzone, L. (2003). Generating peace: A study of nonformal youth organizations. Peace & Change, 28(3), 420-445. DOI:10.1111/1468-0130.00269.
  • DCMS (Department for Culture, Media and Sport). (2000). Centres for Social Change: Museums, Galleries and Archives for All: Policy Guidance on Social Inclusion for DCMS Funded and Local Authority Museums, Galleries and Archives in England. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www.culture.gov.uk/images/publications/centers_social_change.pdf
  • Dewey, J. (1929). My pedagogic creed. Journal of the National Education Association, 18 (9), 291-295. Retrieved May, 20, 2014, from http://edu224spring2011.pbworks.com/f/Dewey+-+My+Pedagogic+Creed+(1929).pdf Duitz, M. (2007). Social affairs and their impact on (children’s) museums, community arts and education programs. Action, Interaction and Reflection Children’s Museums in the 21st Century. Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 6-9 November 2007. Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.hands-on-europe.net/conference2007/lectures/duitz.htm
  • Eurydice. (2009). Arts and cultural education at school in Europe. Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency P9 Eurydice, Brussels. Retrieved December, 21, 2015, from http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/thematic_reports/113en.pdf
  • Flowers, N. (2010). Pusulacık: Çocuklar için insan haklari eğitimi kılavuzu. (Translated by Çulhaoğlu, M.). İstanbul: Bilgi University Press. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://cocukcalismalari.bilgi.edu.tr/images/PUSULACIK.pdf
  • Fountain, S. (1999). ) Peace education in UNICEF. New York: United Nations Children's Fund Programme Publications. Retrieved June, 15, 2011, from http://www.unicef.org/education/files/PeaceEducation.pdf
  • Freire, P. (1991). Ezilenlerin Pedagojisi (Pedagogia do Oprimido). (Translated by Hattatoğlu, D.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınevi.
  • Gömleksiz, N. M. (2002). Modüler öğretime ilişkin bir tutum ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 275-285 Elazığ. quoted from Van de Ven, A. & Ferry, D. (1979). Measuring and Assessing Organization. New York.
  • Graham, J. A. (2009, April). Promoting empathy and diversity appreciation in an interactive children’s museum. Poster session presented at the biennial Society for Research in Child Development conference, Denver, CO.
  • Gurian, E. H. (1997) The Changing Paradigm. In M. Maher (Eds.), Collective vision: Starting and sustaining a children’s museum (pp. 20-24). Washington D.C.: Associations of Youth Museums.
  • Gurian, E. H. (1998) The molting of children’s museum. In Gurian, E. H. (2006). (Eds.). Civilizing the museum: the collected writings of Elaine Heumann Gurian, (pp. 19-32). Florance: Routledge Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203003565
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (1997). Museums and cultural diversity: policy statement - report of the working group on cross cultural issues of the international council of museums. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://archives.icom.museum/diversity.html
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (2005). International Museum Day 2005 - "Museums bridging cultures" Paris. Retrieved December, 10, 2014, from http://archives.icom.museum/release.bridging.html
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (2010). Key concepts of museology. Desvallées A. & Mairesse (Eds.). Paris: Armand Colin Publishing. Retrieved November, 10, 2011, from http://icom.museum/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf/Key_Concepts_of_Museology/Museologie_Anglais_BD.pdf
  • Kalessopoulou, D. (2002). Children’s museums in hospitals. In Sandell, R. (Eds.). Museums, Society, Inequality. London: Routledge Press.
  • Kamaraj, I, & E. A. Kerem, (2006). Erken çocukluk dönemi ‘bariş’ değerine evrensel bir bakiş I. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1 (1), 87-96. Retrieved October, 09, 2011, from http://pauegitimdergi.pau.edu.tr/DergiPdfDetay.aspx?ID=101
  • Karadeniz, C. (2009). Dünyada çocuk müzeleri ile bilim, teknoloji ve keşif merkezlerinin incelenmesi ve türkiye için bir çocuk müzesi modeli oluşturulmasi (Unpublished Master Thesis). Ankara University Social Sciences Institude. Ankara.Karadeniz, C. (2010). Dünyada Çocuk Müzeleri ve Bilim Merkezleri. (Prepared by
  • Onur, B.). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Kültürü Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi & Ürün Yayınları.
  • Mayfield, M. I. (2005). Children’s museums: purposes, practices and play? Early Child Development and Care, 175. (2), 179-192. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Ltd.
  • Nevo, B. & Iris B. (2002). Peace education programs and the evaluation of their effectiveness. In: Salomon G. & Nevo B. (Eds.). Peace education: the concept, principles, and practices around the world 271-282. New Jersey: Mahwah, Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Özdemir, T. Güvenilirlik analizi. Retrieved November, 20, 2013, from www.akademikdestek.net/kutuphane/analiz/.../guvenirlik_analizi.doc
  • Srinivasan, A. (2009). A Survey of civil society peace education programmes in South Asia. Education Policy Research Series, 1(2). Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.prajnya.in/eprsI2.pdf
  • Tapan, Ç. (2006). Bariş eğitimi programi’nin öğrencilerin çatişma çözme becerileri üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi. (Unpublished Master Thesis). Dokuz Eylül University, Educational Sciences Institude, İzmir.
  • UN (United Nations). (1997). General assembly, proclamation of the year 2000 as the international year for the culture of peace. A/RES/52/15. 20 November 1997. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www.un-documents.net/a52r15.htm
  • UN (United Nations). (1998). General assembly, international decade for a culture of peace and non-violence for the children of the world (2001–2010)- un documents: gathering a body of global agreements. A/RES/53/25. 19 November 1998. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www3.unesco.org/iycp/kits/a53r025.pdf
  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (1989). Yamoussoukro declaration on peace in the minds of men. International Congress on Peace in the Minds of Men. Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire: 26 June - 1 July. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://www.unesco.org/cpp/uk/declarations/yamouss.pdf
  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (2000). Records of the general conference reports programme commissions administrative commission legal committee. session 30th. Paris: 26 October - 17 November 1999. Retrieved November, 01, 2011, from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001192/119216e.pdf
  • UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund). (2011). Peace Education. Retrieved December, 10, 2014, from http://www.unicef.org/education/focus_peace_education.html
  • Yamane, K. (1996). A peace museum as a center for peace education – What do Japanese students think of peace museums? In: Burns, R. J. & Aspeslagh, R. (Eds.). Three decades of peace education around the world – An anthology. New York: Garland Publishing.
  • Zwaka, P. (2007). Between community and museum, children’s and youth museums need to set their goals. Action, Interaction and Reflection Children’s Museums in the 21st Century Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 6-9 November 2007. Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.hands-on-europe.net/conference2007/lectures/zwaka.htm

The Landscape of Peace Education Programs in Children’s and Youth Museums

Year 2019, Volume: 1, 50 - 75, 30.11.2019

Abstract

Taking on the role of educational community centers, some children’s and youth museums have offered activities designed to help solve social problems. Some museums offer peace education programs since conflict resolution may be the biggest challenge facing today’s multicultural, global society. For the purposes of this article, “peace education” is broadly defined as the process of developing empathy for others and for the planet through mutual respect and conflict resolution. This can only be achieved by a willingness to learn and embrace the attitudes, skills, and behaviors needed to live in harmony with oneself, with others and with natural environment. However, there has not been much research conducted about the peace education programs implemented thus far in museums. The aim of this study wasto examined the landscape of children's and young museums programs  interms of their peace education related goals, process and strategies.After reviewing the existing literature on the subject, we designed a survey and then interviewed museum professionals who have been involved in staging these programs.A total of 239 professionals working in education departments of children’sand youth museums were invited to complete an online survey; 77 responded. The findings suggest that children’sand youth museums are uniquely positioned to bring about meaningful social change by implementing peace education strategies.

References

  • ACM (Association of Children’s Museums). Case for children’s museums. Retrieved December 20, 2013, from http://www.childrensmuseums.org/case-for-childrens-museums.html
  • Ardizzone, L. (2003). Generating peace: A study of nonformal youth organizations. Peace & Change, 28(3), 420-445. DOI:10.1111/1468-0130.00269.
  • DCMS (Department for Culture, Media and Sport). (2000). Centres for Social Change: Museums, Galleries and Archives for All: Policy Guidance on Social Inclusion for DCMS Funded and Local Authority Museums, Galleries and Archives in England. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www.culture.gov.uk/images/publications/centers_social_change.pdf
  • Dewey, J. (1929). My pedagogic creed. Journal of the National Education Association, 18 (9), 291-295. Retrieved May, 20, 2014, from http://edu224spring2011.pbworks.com/f/Dewey+-+My+Pedagogic+Creed+(1929).pdf Duitz, M. (2007). Social affairs and their impact on (children’s) museums, community arts and education programs. Action, Interaction and Reflection Children’s Museums in the 21st Century. Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 6-9 November 2007. Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.hands-on-europe.net/conference2007/lectures/duitz.htm
  • Eurydice. (2009). Arts and cultural education at school in Europe. Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency P9 Eurydice, Brussels. Retrieved December, 21, 2015, from http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/thematic_reports/113en.pdf
  • Flowers, N. (2010). Pusulacık: Çocuklar için insan haklari eğitimi kılavuzu. (Translated by Çulhaoğlu, M.). İstanbul: Bilgi University Press. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://cocukcalismalari.bilgi.edu.tr/images/PUSULACIK.pdf
  • Fountain, S. (1999). ) Peace education in UNICEF. New York: United Nations Children's Fund Programme Publications. Retrieved June, 15, 2011, from http://www.unicef.org/education/files/PeaceEducation.pdf
  • Freire, P. (1991). Ezilenlerin Pedagojisi (Pedagogia do Oprimido). (Translated by Hattatoğlu, D.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınevi.
  • Gömleksiz, N. M. (2002). Modüler öğretime ilişkin bir tutum ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 275-285 Elazığ. quoted from Van de Ven, A. & Ferry, D. (1979). Measuring and Assessing Organization. New York.
  • Graham, J. A. (2009, April). Promoting empathy and diversity appreciation in an interactive children’s museum. Poster session presented at the biennial Society for Research in Child Development conference, Denver, CO.
  • Gurian, E. H. (1997) The Changing Paradigm. In M. Maher (Eds.), Collective vision: Starting and sustaining a children’s museum (pp. 20-24). Washington D.C.: Associations of Youth Museums.
  • Gurian, E. H. (1998) The molting of children’s museum. In Gurian, E. H. (2006). (Eds.). Civilizing the museum: the collected writings of Elaine Heumann Gurian, (pp. 19-32). Florance: Routledge Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203003565
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (1997). Museums and cultural diversity: policy statement - report of the working group on cross cultural issues of the international council of museums. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://archives.icom.museum/diversity.html
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (2005). International Museum Day 2005 - "Museums bridging cultures" Paris. Retrieved December, 10, 2014, from http://archives.icom.museum/release.bridging.html
  • ICOM (International Council of Museums). (2010). Key concepts of museology. Desvallées A. & Mairesse (Eds.). Paris: Armand Colin Publishing. Retrieved November, 10, 2011, from http://icom.museum/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf/Key_Concepts_of_Museology/Museologie_Anglais_BD.pdf
  • Kalessopoulou, D. (2002). Children’s museums in hospitals. In Sandell, R. (Eds.). Museums, Society, Inequality. London: Routledge Press.
  • Kamaraj, I, & E. A. Kerem, (2006). Erken çocukluk dönemi ‘bariş’ değerine evrensel bir bakiş I. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1 (1), 87-96. Retrieved October, 09, 2011, from http://pauegitimdergi.pau.edu.tr/DergiPdfDetay.aspx?ID=101
  • Karadeniz, C. (2009). Dünyada çocuk müzeleri ile bilim, teknoloji ve keşif merkezlerinin incelenmesi ve türkiye için bir çocuk müzesi modeli oluşturulmasi (Unpublished Master Thesis). Ankara University Social Sciences Institude. Ankara.Karadeniz, C. (2010). Dünyada Çocuk Müzeleri ve Bilim Merkezleri. (Prepared by
  • Onur, B.). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Kültürü Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi & Ürün Yayınları.
  • Mayfield, M. I. (2005). Children’s museums: purposes, practices and play? Early Child Development and Care, 175. (2), 179-192. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Ltd.
  • Nevo, B. & Iris B. (2002). Peace education programs and the evaluation of their effectiveness. In: Salomon G. & Nevo B. (Eds.). Peace education: the concept, principles, and practices around the world 271-282. New Jersey: Mahwah, Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Özdemir, T. Güvenilirlik analizi. Retrieved November, 20, 2013, from www.akademikdestek.net/kutuphane/analiz/.../guvenirlik_analizi.doc
  • Srinivasan, A. (2009). A Survey of civil society peace education programmes in South Asia. Education Policy Research Series, 1(2). Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.prajnya.in/eprsI2.pdf
  • Tapan, Ç. (2006). Bariş eğitimi programi’nin öğrencilerin çatişma çözme becerileri üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi. (Unpublished Master Thesis). Dokuz Eylül University, Educational Sciences Institude, İzmir.
  • UN (United Nations). (1997). General assembly, proclamation of the year 2000 as the international year for the culture of peace. A/RES/52/15. 20 November 1997. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www.un-documents.net/a52r15.htm
  • UN (United Nations). (1998). General assembly, international decade for a culture of peace and non-violence for the children of the world (2001–2010)- un documents: gathering a body of global agreements. A/RES/53/25. 19 November 1998. Retrieved September, 09, 2011, from http://www3.unesco.org/iycp/kits/a53r025.pdf
  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (1989). Yamoussoukro declaration on peace in the minds of men. International Congress on Peace in the Minds of Men. Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire: 26 June - 1 July. Retrieved November, 09, 2011, from http://www.unesco.org/cpp/uk/declarations/yamouss.pdf
  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (2000). Records of the general conference reports programme commissions administrative commission legal committee. session 30th. Paris: 26 October - 17 November 1999. Retrieved November, 01, 2011, from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001192/119216e.pdf
  • UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund). (2011). Peace Education. Retrieved December, 10, 2014, from http://www.unicef.org/education/focus_peace_education.html
  • Yamane, K. (1996). A peace museum as a center for peace education – What do Japanese students think of peace museums? In: Burns, R. J. & Aspeslagh, R. (Eds.). Three decades of peace education around the world – An anthology. New York: Garland Publishing.
  • Zwaka, P. (2007). Between community and museum, children’s and youth museums need to set their goals. Action, Interaction and Reflection Children’s Museums in the 21st Century Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 6-9 November 2007. Retrieved May, 01, 2011, from http://www.hands-on-europe.net/conference2007/lectures/zwaka.htm
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ferhat Koray Sağlam This is me 0000-0002-3042-2795

Kadriye Tezcan Akmehmet 0000-0002-3042-2795

Publication Date November 30, 2019
Submission Date October 16, 2019
Acceptance Date December 4, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 1

Cite

APA Sağlam, F. K., & Tezcan Akmehmet, K. (2019). The Landscape of Peace Education Programs in Children’s and Youth Museums. Journal of International Museum Education, 1(1), 50-75.

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