Recent Record of Oceania armata and Near-Past Records of Other Gelatinous Organisms in the Turkish Waters Presumably Derived by Basin-Scale Current

Year 2022, , 48 - 55, 20.07.2022

Erhan Mutlu , Yaşar Özvarol

https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1083023

Abstract

The present study reports the occurrence of Oceania armata in the Turkish Levantine Sea, and presents evidence to support a hypothesis established to link an increased recent and near-past records of many gelatinous zooplankton species in the Turkish seas, and particularly in the Turkish Levantine Sea to specific Mediterranean basin-scale currents (Atlantic-Ionian Stream and the Mid-Ionian Jet). One worldwide-distributed oceanic cnidarian specimen was collected from the surface water of a location of 36.59002 N and 29.02471 E by a SCUBA diver on January 18, 2019 in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The hydrozoan specimen was then identified as O. armata and recorded for the first time in the Turkish Mediterranean coast and only second time in the Levant coast after about 30 years. This is the second report of the species from the Turkish waters, and the first report was from the Turkish Aegean coast. Recently, new records of the gelatinous species have increased from the Turkish marine coasts; Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea, and Levantine Sea. Most of them are distributed in the West Mediterranean Sea, but are also present in the Adriatic Sea (East Mediterranean Sea). In the Mediterranean Sea, one branch of the Atlantic current (Atlantic-Ionian Stream) enters the eastern basin via the Mid-Ionian Jet, linked with the southern Adriatic current. Therefore, it is possible that zooplankton could have entered East Mediterranean by the Atlantic current through West Mediterranean.

Keywords

new record, hydrozoan, zooplankton, Turkish Levantine Sea, basin-scale current

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

117Y133

Thanks

The present study was carried out within a framework of a project (grant no: 117Y133 and title: “Acoustical determination of biomass quantities and monitoring of distribution of Posidonia oceanica meadows on the Turkish entire coasts in the Eastern Mediterranean”) funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). We thank Stefano Piraino for confirming the species to be Oceania armata, and his suggestions. We thank also crew of R/V “Akdeniz Su”.

Oceania armata Türünün Türk Sularındaki Muhtemel Havza Ölçekli Akıntı Kaynaklı Son Kaydı ve Diğer Jeli Organizmaların Yakın Geçmişteki Kayıtları

Abstract

Bu çalışma Türk Levantin Denizi’nde Oceania armata bulunurluğu rapor etmek, ve son ve yakın geçmişte Türk denizlerinde, özellikle Türk Levantine Denizinde birçok jeli zooplankton türlerinin artan kayıtları ile Akdeniz havza ölçekli akıntılar (Atlantik-Iyonyan akıntısı ve Orta-Iyonyan jet akıntısı) arasında bağlantı olduğu hipotezini desteklemek amaçı için ön görülmüştür. 18 Ocak 2019 tarihinde ve 36.59002 N and 29.02471 E koordinat noktasının yüzey suyundan SCUBA dalgıçı tarafından dünyada yaygın olan oseanik cnidarian bireyi toplanmıştır. Bu hydrozoan bireyi, O. armata olarak tanımlanmış ve Akdeniz’in Türk suları için ilk defa ve Levantin Denizi için 30 yıl aradan sonra kayıt edilmiştir. Bu, Türk suları için ikinci kayıttır ve ilk kayıt Ege Denizi’nin Türk sularından verilmiştir. Son zamanlarda, Türk deniz sularından (Ege Denizi, Marmara Denizi ve Levantin Denizi) jelli organizmaların yeni kayıtları artmaktadır. Bu türlerin birçoğu Batı Akdeniz’de dağılmaktadır ve Doğu Akdeniz’e ait Adriyatik Denizi’nde bulunmaktadır. Akdeniz’de Atlantik akıntısının bir dalı (Atlantik-Iyonyan akıntısı), Adriyatik akıntısı ile bağlantılı olan Orta-Iyonyan jet akıntısı ile doğu havzasına girmektedir. Bu yüzden, Batı Akdeniz boyunca yer alan Atlantik akıntısı ile zooplanktonun Doğu Akdeniz’e girebilme olasılıkları vardır.

Keywords

Yeni kayıt, Hydrozoan, Zooplankton, Türk Levantin Denizi, Basen ölçekli akıntı

Project Number

117Y133

References

• APHA, (1999) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association, Washington DC.
• Batistić, M., Jasprica, N., Carić, M. & Lučić, D. (2007) Annual cycle of the gelatinous invertebrate zooplankton of the eastern South Adriatic coast (NE Mediterranean). Journal of Plankton Research, 29(8), 671-686. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm048
• Çinar, M.E., Yokeş, M.B., Açık, Ş. & Bakır, A.K. (2014) Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey. Turkish of Journal Zoology, 38, 677-697. doi:10.3906/zoo-1405-68
• Civitarese, G., Gacic, M., Lipizer, M. & Eusebi Borzelli, G.L. (2010) On the impact of the Bimodal Oscillating System (BiOS) on the biogeochemistry and biology of the Adriatic and Ionian Seas (Eastern Mediterranean). Biogeosciences, 7, 3987–3997. doi:10.5194/bg-7-3987-2010
• Coll, M., Piroddi, C., Steenbeek, J., Kaschner, K., Lasram, F.B.R., Aguzzi, J., Ballesteros, E., Bianchi, C.N., Corbera, J etc (2010) The Biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: Estimates, Patterns, and Threats. PLoS ONE, 5, e11842. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011842
• Cuttelod, A., García, N., Malak, D.A., Temple, H.J. & Katariya, V. (2009) The Mediterranean: a biodiversity hotspot under threat. Wildlife in a Changing World–an analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 89, 1–2.
• de Meo, I., Miglietta, C., Mutlu, E., Deval, M.C., Balaban, C. & Olguner, M.T. (2018) Ecological distribution of demersal fish species in space and time on the shelf of Antalya Gulf, Turkey. Marine Biodiversity, 48, 2105–2118. doi:10. 1007/ s12526- 017- 0739-7
• Douek, J., Paz, G., Rinkevich, B., Gevili R., & Galil, B.S. (2020) First record of a non-native pelagiid jellyfish (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae: Chrysaora) in the easternmost Mediterranean Sea. BioInvasions Record, 9(3), 482–489. doi:10.3391/bir.2020.9.3.04
• Dowidar, N.M. (1983) Medusa of the Egyptian Mediterranean waters. Workshop on jellyfish blooms in the Mediterranean, Athens pp. (9-16).
• Galil, B.S., Gershwin, L-A., Zorea, M., Rahav, A., Rothman, S.B.-S. et al. (2017) Cotylorhiza erythraea Stiasny, 1920 (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae: Cepheidae), yet another erythraean jellyfish from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Marine Biodiversity, 47, 229–235. doi:10.1007/s12526-016-0449-6
• Gokoglu, M. & Galil, B.S. (2020) New records of siphonophores and ctenophores in the Levant Sea. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 26(2), 190-202.
• Goy, J., Lakkis S. & Zeidane, R. (1991) Les Meduses (Cnidaria) des eaux Libanaises. Annales de l'Institut océanographique, 67, 99-128.
• Gülşahin, N., Çelik, M., Turan, C. & Ateş, C. (2016) First record of the hydrozoan Oceania armata Kölliker, 1853 from Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 62(2), 187-188. doi:10.1080/09397140.2016.1182782
• Gülşahin, N., Tarkan, A.N. & Bilge, G. (2013) The hydrozoan Geryonia proboscidalis (Forskål, 1775), new for Turkey (Hydrozoa). Zoology in the Middle East, 59 (1), 93 - 94. doi: 10.1080 / 09397140 . 2013 . 795077
• Gülşahin, N. & Türker, A. (2017) A New Ctenophora Species for Turkey – Leucothea multicornis (Quoy Gaimard, 1824) (Order: Lobata). 2. Workshop on Invasive Species, Global meeting on invasion ecology, 27-29 September 2017, Bodrum, Muğla, TURKEY.
• Isinibilir, M., Martell, L., Topçu, E.N., Yilmaz, I.N. & Piraino, S. (2015a) First inventory of the shallow-water benthic hydrozoan assemblages of Gökçeada Island (northern Aegean Sea). Italian Journal of Zoology, 82(2), 281-290. doi:10.1080/11250003.2014.977970
• Isinibilir, M., Yilmaz, I.N. & Demirel, N. (2015b). New records of jellyfish species in the Marmara Sea. Italian Journal of Zoology, 82(3), 425-429. doi:10.1080/11250003.2015.1040858
• İşinibilir, M., Ulucam, K. & Yüksel, E. (2019) First record of Physophora hydrostatica Forskål, 1775 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) for the Turkish seas. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 25(2), 160-165.
• Isinibilir, M., Yuksel, E. & Guresen, O. (2021) The first record of Geryonia proboscidalis (Forskål, 1775), (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) on the coasts of Gökçeada, the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Aquatic Science and Engineering, 36(4), 215-217. doi:10.26650/ASE2021962514
• Isinibilir, M., Yuksel, E., Turkeri, E.E., Dogan, O., Karakulak, F.S., Uzer, U., Dalyan, C., Furfaro, G. & Piraino, S. (2022) New Additions to the Jellyfish Fauna of the Sea of Marmara. Aquatic Science and Engineering, 37(1), 53-57. doi: 10.26650 / ASE2021981468
• Kramp, P.L. (1965) The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Dana Report, 63:‒162.
• Lorenzen, C.J. (1967) Determination of chlorophyll and phaeopigments: spectrophotometric equations. Limnology and Oceanography, 12(2), 343-346. doi:10.4319/lo.1967.12.2.0343
• Lučić, D., Benović, A., Morović, M., Batistić, M. & Onofri, I. (2009) Diel vertical migration of medusae in the open Southern Adriatic Sea over a short time period (July 2003). Marine Ecology, 30, 16–32. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0485.2008.00264.x
• Madin, L.P. (1991) Distribution and taxonomy of zooplankton in the Alboran Sea and adjacent western Mediterranean: A literature survey and field guide. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Technical Report, WHOI-91-26, USA.
• Mayer, A.G. (1910) Medusae of the world; volume 1: Hydromedusae. The Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, D. C., 230 p.
• Mutlu, E., Olguner, C., Özvarol, Y. & Gökoğlu, M. (2022) Spatiotemporal biometrics of Cymodocea nodosa in a western Turkish Mediterranean coast. Biologia, 77(3), 649-670. doi:10.1007/s11756-021-00953-0.
• Mutlu, E. & Karaca, D. (2022) Three immature gelatinous specimens occurred in the Turkish Mediterranean coasts. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences (under review).
• Mutlu, E. & Özvarol, Y. (2022) First record of Hormiphora plumosa (Ctenophora: Pleurobrachiidae) from the Turkish coast of the Mediterranean, 438-439. In Kousteni V, Anastasiadis A, Bariche M, Battaglia P, Bonifazi A, etc (co-authors), New records of rare species in the Mediterranean Sea (May 2022). Mediterranean Marine Science, 23, 417-446. https : // doi . org / 10.12681 / mms.28372
• Mutlu, E., Çağatay, I.T., Olguner, M.T. & Yilmaz, H.E. (2020) A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae). Zootaxa, 4790(2), 229-244. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4790.2.2
• Öztürk, B., Mihneva, V. & Shiganova, T. (2011) First records of Bolinopsis vitrea (L. Agassiz, 1860) (Ctenophora: Lobata) in the Black Sea. Aquatic Invasions, 6(3), 355–360. doi: 10.3391/ai.2011.6.3.12
• Poulain, P-M., Bussani, A., Gerin, R., Jungwirth, R., Mauri, E., Menna, M. & Notarstefano, G. (2013) Mediterranean surface currents measured with drifters: From basin to subinertial scales. Oceanography, 26(1), 38–47. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2013.03
• Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111(2), 315-369. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.80242
• Vasilakopoulos, P., Raitsos, D.E., Tzanatos, E. & Maravelias, C.D. (2017) Resilience and regime shifts in a marine biodiversity hotspot. Scientific Report 7, 13647. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13852-9
• Yilmaz, I.N., Isinibilir, M., Vardar, D. & Dursun, F. (2017) First record of Aequorea vitrina Gosse, 1853 (Hydrozoa) from the Sea of Marmara: a potential invader for the Mediterranean Sea. Zoology in the Middle East, 63(2), 1-3. Doi : 10 . 1080 / 09397140. 2017.1299334