EFFECT OF THE NITRIDING PROCESS IN THE WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF DIN 1.2344 HOT WORK STEEL

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 45 - 70

Seda Ataş Bakdemir , Doğuş Özkan , M. Cenk Türküz , Elif Uzun , Serdar Salman

Abstract

Gas nitriding is a widely applied thermo-chemical surface treatment, which is used to improve mechanical properties and wear characteristics of iron and steels. The effects of the gas nitriding process on the mechanical and wear resistance properties of DIN 1.2344 (X40CrMoV5-1) hot work steel were investigated in this paper. Nitrided and non-nitrided samples were characterized through the optical microscope, SEM/EDX, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope (AFM) and 3D optical profilometer. The results of analyses showed increases in wear resistance of the nitrided sample due to the formation of surface layers of nitrides and oxides.

Keywords

Gas Nitriding, Wear Behavior, DIN 1.2344 Steel, Atomic Force Microscope

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara University, Turkey

Project Number

FEN-C-YLP-120619-0198

Thanks

Titanit Ultrahard PVD Company

NİTRASYON İŞLEMİNİN DIN 1.2344 SICAK İŞ TAKIM ÇELİĞİNİN AŞINMA DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Abstract

Gaz nitrasyon yöntemi demir ve çeliklerin mekaniksel
özelliklerini ve aşınma karakteristiklerini geliştirmek için uygulanan bir
termokimyasal yüzey işlemidir. Bu çalışmada DIN 1.2344 (X40CrMoV5-1) sıcak iş
takım çeliğine uygulanan gaz nitrasyon işleminin mekanik özelliklerine ve
aşınma direncine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Nitrürlenmiş numune ve işlem görmemiş
referans numune optik mikroskop, SEM EDX, X ışını difraksiyonu, atomik kuvvet mikroskopu
ve 3D optik profilometre yoluyla karakterize edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları
nitrürlenmiş numune yüzeyinde oluşan nitrür alaşımları ve oksidasyon tabakası
sayesinde aşınma direnci artış meydana geldiğini göstermiştir. 

Keywords

Gaz Nitrasyon, Aşınma Davranışı, DIN 1.2344 Çeliği, Atomik Kuvvet Mikroskopu

Project Number

FEN-C-YLP-120619-0198

References

• [1] Kostova, K.G., Uedaa, M., Lepienskyc, M., Soares Jr., P.C., Gomesa, G.F., Silvad, M.M., Reuther H. (2004). Surface Modification of Metal Alloys By Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Subsequent Plasma Nitriding. Surface and Coatings Technology, 186, 204–208.
• [2] Castro, G., Fernández-Vicente, A., Cid, J. (2007). Influence of The Nitriding Time in The Wear Behavior of An AISI H13 Steel During A Crankshaft Forging Process. Wear, 263, 1375–1385.
• [3] da Silva, L.L.G., Ueda, M., Nakazato, R. Z., (2007). Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of AISI H13 Steel Treated By Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 201, 8291–8294.
• [4] Arif, A.F.M., Akhtar, S. S., Yilbas, B. S. (2010). Effect of ProcessVariables on Gas Nitriding of H13 Tool Steel With Controlled NitridingPotential. International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering, 4, 396–415.
• [5] Rodrigo L.O. B., Heloise O. P., Vanessa S., Israel J.R. B., Silvia A.C.A., Fernando S. de S., Almir S., Carlos A. F., Cristiano G., (2010).Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of Pulsed Plasma-Nitrided AISI H13 Tool Steel. Corrosion Science, 52, 3133–3139.
• [6] Yeh, S.-H., Chiu, L.-H., Chang, H. (2011). Effects of Gas Nitriding on the Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of SACM 645 Steel.Engineering, 3, 942–948.
• [7] Rodríguez-Baracaldo, R., Benito, J. A., Puchi-Cabrera, E. S., Staia, M. H. (2007). High-Temperature Wear Resistance of (TiAl)N PVD Coatingon Untreated and Gas Nitrided AISI H13 Steel With Different Heat Treatments. Wear, 262, 380–389.
• [8] Lampe, T., Eisenberg, S., Laudien, G. (1993). Compound LayerFormation During Plasma Nitriding and Plasma Nitrocarburising. Surface Engineering, 9, 69–76.
• [9] Baranowska, J. (2010). Importance of Surface Activation for Nitrided Layer Formation on Austenitic Stainless Steel. Surface Engineering, 26,293–298.
• [10] Birol, Y., Yuksel, B. (2012). Performance of Gas Nitrided and AlTiN Coated AISI H13 Hot Work Tool Steel in Aluminium Extrusion. Surface and Coatings Technology, 207, 461–466.
• [11] Güven, Ş. Y., Delikanlı, K., Öncel, E. (2014). AISI 4140 ÇeliğineUygulanan İyon Nitrasyon Yüzey Sertleştirme İşleminin Yorulma Dayanımına Etkisi. SDU Teknik Bilimler Dergisi, 4, 29-39.
• [12] Bayramoglu, M., Polat, H., Geren, N. (2008). Cost and Performance Evaluation of Different Surface Treated Dies for Hot Forging Process.Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 205, 394–403.
• [13] Barrallier, L. (2015). Classical Nitriding of Heat Treatable Steel.Woodhead Publishing Limited, 393-412.
• [14] Azadi, M., Rouhaghdam, A. S., Ahangarani, S., Mo, H. H. (2014). Mechanical Behavior of TiN / TiC Multilayer Coatings Fabricated By Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition on AISI H13 Hot Work Tool Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 245, 156–166.
• [15] Li, K. Y., Xiang, Z. D. (2010). Increasing Surface Hardness of Austenitic Stainless Steels By Pack Nitriding Process. Surface and Coatings Technology, 204, 2268–2272.
• [16] Cui, X. H., Wang, S. Q., Wei, M. X., Yang, Z. R. (2011). Wear Characteristics and Mechanisms of H13 Steel with Various Tempered Structures. 20, 1055–1062.
• [17] Arif, A.F.M., Akhtar, S. S., Yilbas, B. S. (2012). Influence of Multiple Nitriding on The Case Hardening of H13 Tool Steel: Experimental and Numerical Investigation. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 8, 57–70.
• [18] Akhtar, S. S., Arif, A.F.M., Yilbas, B. S., Sheikh, A.K. (2010).Influence of Surface Preparation on the Kinetics of Controlled Gas-Nitrided AISI H13 Steels Used in Extrusion Dies, 19, 347–355.
• [19] Greenwood, J. A. (1985). Formulas for Moderately Elliptical Hertzian Contacts, Journal of Tribology, 107, 501–504.
• [20] Jordan, D., (2010). Controlling Compound ( White ) Layer Formation During Vacuum Gas Nitriding. Solar Atmospheres Inc., 1-20.
• [21] Bahrami, A., Anijdan, S. H. M., Golozar, M. A., Shamanian, M., Varahram, N. (2005). Effects of Conventional Heat Treatment on Wear Resistance of AISI H13 Tool Steel. Wear, 258, 846–851.
• [22] Jacobsen, S. D., Hinrichs, R., Aguzzoli, C., Figueroa, C. A., Baumvol, I. J. R., Vasconcellos, M. A. Z. (2016). Influence of Current Density on Phase Formation and Tribological Behavior of Plasma Nitrided AISI H13 Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 286, 129–139.
• [23] Gasem, Z. M. (2013). Cracking in A Multiple Gas-Nitrided H13 Aluminum Extrusion Mandrel. Engineering Failure Analysis Journal, 31,68–75.
• [24] Yang, K., Shi, X., Zhai, W., Mahmoud Ibrahim, A. M. (2015). WearRate of A Tial Matrix Composite Containing 10 Wt% Ag Predicted Using The Newton Interpolation Method. RSC Advances, 5, 67102-67114.
• [25] Telasang, G., Dutta Majumdar, J., Padmanabham, G., Manna, I. (2015). Wear and Corrosion Behavior Laser Surface Engineered AISI H13 Hot Working Tool Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology 261, 69–78.
• [26] Jeong, B. Y., Kim, M. H. (2001). Effects of Pulse Frequency and Temperature on The Nitride Layer and Surface Characteristics of Plasma Nitrided Stainless Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 137, 249–254.
• [27] Fernandes, F. A. P., Heck, S. C., Picone, C. A., & Casteletti, L. C. (2020). On the wear and corrosion of plasma nitrided AISI H13. Surface and Coatings Technology, 381, 125216.
• [28] Miyamoto, J., Abraha, P. (2019). The effect of plasma nitriding treatment time on the tribological properties of the AISI H13 tool steel.Surface and Coatings Technology, 375, 15–21.