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ŞEHİR İÇİ TOPLU TAŞIMA HATLARININ HİZMET ETKİNLİĞİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ: ÖZEL VE KAMU İŞLETMELERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 127 - 145, 27.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.339869

Abstract

Amaç: Hizmet
seviyesine ilişkin performans analizleri, şehir içi yolcu taşımacılığı
literatüründe gittikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toplu taşıma
hatlarının hizmet etkinliğini ölçmek için bir model geliştirmek ve Sakarya
şehir merkezi içerisinde faaliyet gösteren özel ve kamu kurumları tarafından
işletilen toplu taşıma hatlarının performansını karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz
etmektir. 

Yöntem: Toplu taşıma
hatlarının hizmet etkinliğini karşılaştırmalı olarak ölçmek amacıyla, üç girdi
ve bir çıktıdan oluşan bir model önerilmiştir. Önerilen model veri zarflama
analizi ile analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Analiz
sonuçları, hat etkinlik skorlarının genel olarak düşük düzeyde olduğunu
göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, özel kurum tarafından işletilen şehir içi yolcu
hatlarının hizmet etkinliğinin, kamu tarafından işletilen hatlara oranla daha
yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.







Sonuç: Hatların
etkinlik skorları esas alınarak, hat etkinliklerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik
öneriler sunulmuştur. Kamu işletmesinin göreli verimsizliği, onun kâr odaklı
olmayan sosyal rolü ve hizmet odaklılığı ile açıklanmıştır.    

References

  • Alexandersson, G., Hulten, S. ve Fölster, S. (1998). The Effects of Competition in Swedish Local Bus Services, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 32(2): 203-219.
  • American Public Transportation Association (APTA), Definition of terms and abbreviations. http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/Ridersh ip/missdef.pdf
  • Barnum, D.T., Tandon, S. ve McNeil, S. (2008). Comparing the Performance of Bus Routes after Adjusting for the Environment Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 137: 77-85.
  • Barnum, D.T., McNeil, S. ve Hart, J. (2007). Comparing the Efficiency of Public Transportation Subunits Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Public Transportation, 10(2): 1-16.
  • Boame, K.A. (2004). The Technical Efficiency of Canadian Urban Transit Systems, Transportation Research Part E, 40: 401-416.
  • Boile, M.P. (2001). Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies of Public Transit Systems, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 127: 187-194.
  • Chang, K.P. ve Kao, P.H. (1992). The Relative Efficiency of Public versus Private Municipal Bus Firms: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 3: 67-84.
  • Charnes A, Cooper WW ve Rhodes E (1978). Measuring Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operational Research, 2: 429-444.
  • Cho, H.J. ve Fan, C.K. (2007). Evaluating the Performance of Privatization on Regional Transit Services: Case Study, Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 133(2): 119-127.
  • Chu, X., Fielding, G.J. ve Lamar, B.W. (1992). Measuring Transit Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Transportation Research Part A, 26(3): 223–230.
  • Coyle, J.J., Bardi, E.J. ve Novack, R.A. (2006). Transportation, 6. Baskı, South-Western Cengage Learning, United States
  • De Borger, B. ve Kerstens, K. (2008). The Performance of Bus-Transit Operators. İçinde D.A. Hensher ve K.J. Button (Eds.), Handbook of Transport Modelling, 2. Baskı, s. 693-714, Elsevier – Amsterdam.
  • European Committee for Standardization (2002). Transportation – Logistics and Services – Public Passenger Transport – Service Quality Definition, Targeting and Measurement, EN 13816 Report, Brüksel
  • Fazioli, R., Filippini, M. ve Prioni, P. (1993). Cost-Structure and Efficiency of Local Public Transport: The Case of Emilia Romagna Bus Companies, International Journal of Transport Economics, 20: 305–324.
  • Fielding, G.J., Babitsky, T.T. ve Brenner, M.E. (1985). Performance Evaluation for Bus Transit, Transportation Research Part A, 19A(1): 73-82.
  • Filippini, M. ve Prioni, P. (2003). The Influence of Ownership on the Cost of Bus Service Provision in Switzerland - An Empirical Illustration, Applied Economics, 35(6): 683-690.
  • Floyd, T.H. (1990). Personalizing Public Transportation, The Futurist, 24(6): 29-34.
  • Güner, S. ve Coşkun, E. (2016). Determining the Best Performing Benchmarks for Transit Routes with a Multi-Objective Model: The Implementation and a Critique of the Two-Model Approach, Public Transport, 8(2): 205-224.
  • Güner, S. (2016). Şehir İçi Otobüs Hatlarına İlişkin Hizmet Etkinliği Analizi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmesi Uygulaması, TRANSIST 9. İstanbul Ulaşım Kongresi ve Fuarı, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 8-14, İstanbul
  • Güner, S. (2014). Çok Amaçlı Çevrelerde Birbirleri İle İlişkili Hedeflerin İlişkisel Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı (R-DEA) ile Yönetilmesi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmeleri Uygulaması, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hensher, D.A. (1987). Productive Efficiency and Ownership of Urban Bus Services, Transportation, 14: 209-225. Jorgensen, F., Pedersen, P.A. ve Volden, R. (1997). Estimating the Inefficiency in the Norwegian Bus Industry from Stochastic Cost Frontier Models, Transportation, 24: 421-433.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. ve Tsamboulas, D. (2012). Efficiency Measurement in Public Transport: Are Findings Specification Sensitive?, Transportation Research Part A, 46: 392-402.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2004). DEA Approach for Evaluating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Urban Transit Systems, European Journal of Operational Research, 152: 354-364.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. ve McCarthy, P.S. (1997). Subsidy and Public Transit Performance: A Factor Analytic Approach, Transportation, 24: 253-270.
  • Kerstens, K. (1996), Technical Efficiency Measurement and Explanation of French Urban Transit Companies, Transportation Research Part A, 30(6): 431-452.
  • Lao, Y. ve Liu, L. (2009). Performance Evaluation of Bus Lines with Data Envelopment Analysis and Geographic Information Systems, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 33: 247-255.
  • Odeck, J. ve Alkadi, A. (2001). Evaluating Efficiency in the Norwegian Bus Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Transportation, 28: 211-232.
  • Odeck, J. (2006). Congestion, Ownership, Region of Operation, and Scale: Their Impact on Bus Operator Performance in Norway, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 40: 52-69.
  • Perry, J.L. ve Babitsky, T.T. (1986). Comparative Performance in Urban Bus Transit: Assessing Privatization Strategies, Public Administration Review, 46(1): 57-66.
  • Roy, W. ve Yvrande-Billon, A. (2007). Ownership, Contractual Practices and Technical Efficiency: The Case of Urban Public Transport in France, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 41(2): 257-282.
  • Sanchez, I.M.G. (2009). Technical and Scale Efficiency in Spanish Urban Transport: Estimating with Data Envelopment Analysis, Advances in Operations Research, Article ID 721279, doi:10.1155/2009/721279.
  • Schofer, J.L. (2014). Mass Transit. İçinde Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Academic Edition, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/368374/mas s-transit
  • Talley, W.K. ve Anderson, P.P. (1981). Effectiveness and Efficiency in Transit Performance: A Theoretical Perspective”, Transportation Research, 15A(6): 431-436.
  • Taşkın, K. ve Güner, S. (2014). Şehir İçi Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Hizmet Kalitesinin Kullanılabilirlik ve Rahatlık-Uygunluk Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Sakarya Minibüsçüler Odası Örneği, 6. Uluslararası Balkanlarda Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 712-722, Komrat/Moldova
  • Viton, P.A. (1998). Changes in Multi-Mode Bus Transit Efficiency, 1988-1992. Transportation, 25: 1-21.
  • Yu, M.M. ve Fan, C.K. (2008). The Effects of Privatization on Return to the Dollar: A Case Study on Technical Efficiency, and Price Distortions of Taiwan’s Intercity Bus Services, Transportation Research Part A, 42: 935-950.
Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 127 - 145, 27.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.339869

Abstract

References

  • Alexandersson, G., Hulten, S. ve Fölster, S. (1998). The Effects of Competition in Swedish Local Bus Services, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 32(2): 203-219.
  • American Public Transportation Association (APTA), Definition of terms and abbreviations. http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/Ridersh ip/missdef.pdf
  • Barnum, D.T., Tandon, S. ve McNeil, S. (2008). Comparing the Performance of Bus Routes after Adjusting for the Environment Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 137: 77-85.
  • Barnum, D.T., McNeil, S. ve Hart, J. (2007). Comparing the Efficiency of Public Transportation Subunits Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Public Transportation, 10(2): 1-16.
  • Boame, K.A. (2004). The Technical Efficiency of Canadian Urban Transit Systems, Transportation Research Part E, 40: 401-416.
  • Boile, M.P. (2001). Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies of Public Transit Systems, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 127: 187-194.
  • Chang, K.P. ve Kao, P.H. (1992). The Relative Efficiency of Public versus Private Municipal Bus Firms: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 3: 67-84.
  • Charnes A, Cooper WW ve Rhodes E (1978). Measuring Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operational Research, 2: 429-444.
  • Cho, H.J. ve Fan, C.K. (2007). Evaluating the Performance of Privatization on Regional Transit Services: Case Study, Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 133(2): 119-127.
  • Chu, X., Fielding, G.J. ve Lamar, B.W. (1992). Measuring Transit Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Transportation Research Part A, 26(3): 223–230.
  • Coyle, J.J., Bardi, E.J. ve Novack, R.A. (2006). Transportation, 6. Baskı, South-Western Cengage Learning, United States
  • De Borger, B. ve Kerstens, K. (2008). The Performance of Bus-Transit Operators. İçinde D.A. Hensher ve K.J. Button (Eds.), Handbook of Transport Modelling, 2. Baskı, s. 693-714, Elsevier – Amsterdam.
  • European Committee for Standardization (2002). Transportation – Logistics and Services – Public Passenger Transport – Service Quality Definition, Targeting and Measurement, EN 13816 Report, Brüksel
  • Fazioli, R., Filippini, M. ve Prioni, P. (1993). Cost-Structure and Efficiency of Local Public Transport: The Case of Emilia Romagna Bus Companies, International Journal of Transport Economics, 20: 305–324.
  • Fielding, G.J., Babitsky, T.T. ve Brenner, M.E. (1985). Performance Evaluation for Bus Transit, Transportation Research Part A, 19A(1): 73-82.
  • Filippini, M. ve Prioni, P. (2003). The Influence of Ownership on the Cost of Bus Service Provision in Switzerland - An Empirical Illustration, Applied Economics, 35(6): 683-690.
  • Floyd, T.H. (1990). Personalizing Public Transportation, The Futurist, 24(6): 29-34.
  • Güner, S. ve Coşkun, E. (2016). Determining the Best Performing Benchmarks for Transit Routes with a Multi-Objective Model: The Implementation and a Critique of the Two-Model Approach, Public Transport, 8(2): 205-224.
  • Güner, S. (2016). Şehir İçi Otobüs Hatlarına İlişkin Hizmet Etkinliği Analizi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmesi Uygulaması, TRANSIST 9. İstanbul Ulaşım Kongresi ve Fuarı, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 8-14, İstanbul
  • Güner, S. (2014). Çok Amaçlı Çevrelerde Birbirleri İle İlişkili Hedeflerin İlişkisel Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı (R-DEA) ile Yönetilmesi: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Otobüs İşletmeleri Uygulaması, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hensher, D.A. (1987). Productive Efficiency and Ownership of Urban Bus Services, Transportation, 14: 209-225. Jorgensen, F., Pedersen, P.A. ve Volden, R. (1997). Estimating the Inefficiency in the Norwegian Bus Industry from Stochastic Cost Frontier Models, Transportation, 24: 421-433.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. ve Tsamboulas, D. (2012). Efficiency Measurement in Public Transport: Are Findings Specification Sensitive?, Transportation Research Part A, 46: 392-402.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. (2004). DEA Approach for Evaluating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Urban Transit Systems, European Journal of Operational Research, 152: 354-364.
  • Karlaftis, M.G. ve McCarthy, P.S. (1997). Subsidy and Public Transit Performance: A Factor Analytic Approach, Transportation, 24: 253-270.
  • Kerstens, K. (1996), Technical Efficiency Measurement and Explanation of French Urban Transit Companies, Transportation Research Part A, 30(6): 431-452.
  • Lao, Y. ve Liu, L. (2009). Performance Evaluation of Bus Lines with Data Envelopment Analysis and Geographic Information Systems, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 33: 247-255.
  • Odeck, J. ve Alkadi, A. (2001). Evaluating Efficiency in the Norwegian Bus Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Transportation, 28: 211-232.
  • Odeck, J. (2006). Congestion, Ownership, Region of Operation, and Scale: Their Impact on Bus Operator Performance in Norway, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 40: 52-69.
  • Perry, J.L. ve Babitsky, T.T. (1986). Comparative Performance in Urban Bus Transit: Assessing Privatization Strategies, Public Administration Review, 46(1): 57-66.
  • Roy, W. ve Yvrande-Billon, A. (2007). Ownership, Contractual Practices and Technical Efficiency: The Case of Urban Public Transport in France, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 41(2): 257-282.
  • Sanchez, I.M.G. (2009). Technical and Scale Efficiency in Spanish Urban Transport: Estimating with Data Envelopment Analysis, Advances in Operations Research, Article ID 721279, doi:10.1155/2009/721279.
  • Schofer, J.L. (2014). Mass Transit. İçinde Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Academic Edition, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/368374/mas s-transit
  • Talley, W.K. ve Anderson, P.P. (1981). Effectiveness and Efficiency in Transit Performance: A Theoretical Perspective”, Transportation Research, 15A(6): 431-436.
  • Taşkın, K. ve Güner, S. (2014). Şehir İçi Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Hizmet Kalitesinin Kullanılabilirlik ve Rahatlık-Uygunluk Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Sakarya Minibüsçüler Odası Örneği, 6. Uluslararası Balkanlarda Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, s. 712-722, Komrat/Moldova
  • Viton, P.A. (1998). Changes in Multi-Mode Bus Transit Efficiency, 1988-1992. Transportation, 25: 1-21.
  • Yu, M.M. ve Fan, C.K. (2008). The Effects of Privatization on Return to the Dollar: A Case Study on Technical Efficiency, and Price Distortions of Taiwan’s Intercity Bus Services, Transportation Research Part A, 42: 935-950.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Samet Güner

Kamil Taşkın

Gökhan Gürler

Publication Date December 27, 2017
Submission Date September 25, 2017
Acceptance Date November 8, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Güner, S., Taşkın, K., & Gürler, G. (2017). ŞEHİR İÇİ TOPLU TAŞIMA HATLARININ HİZMET ETKİNLİĞİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ: ÖZEL VE KAMU İŞLETMELERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 5(3), 127-145. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.339869