Hypomagnesemia and Calcineurin Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 327 - 331, 31.08.2023

Engin Onan , Saime Paydas , Mustafa Balal , Nebi Cankat Geygel , İbrahim Akkaya , Erhan Tatar

https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1317894

Abstract

Aim: Post-transplant hypomagnesemia is a frequently encountered and significant electrolyte disorder and is more common in patients using calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of hypomagnesemia and accompanying conditions in the outpatient follow-up of renal transplant recipients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 236 renal transplant patients. Demographic characteristics of the patients and their biochemical values, including drug levels, were recorded.
Results: Of the patients, 69 (29.2%) were female, and 194 (82.3%) were living donor recipients. The mean age of the entire group was 43.1 years. The frequency of hypomagnesemia was 40% (10/25) in the first 12 months, 26.1% (23/88) between the 12th and 60th months, 26% (32/123) after 60 months, and 27.5% (65/236) in all patients. In patients with higher levels of tacrolimus compared to those with the target level, the frequency of hypomagnesemia increased in those with a posttransplant period of 12-60 months (40.9% vs. 20.8%, p: 0.018) and over 60 months (44% vs. 26%, p: 0.046). In addition, the magnesium (Mg+2) level was lower in patients using tacrolimus compared to those using cyclosporine (CsA) (1.80±0.18 vs 1.91±0.25, p: 0.003). The effect of hypomagnesemia on graft functions was statistically insignificant in all groups.
Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is a common electrolyte disorder in the early and late periods after transplantation. In our study, hypomagnesemia did not differ according to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, gender, fasting blood glucose, and glomerular filtration rate. However, the frequency increased in patients using tacrolimus and those with above-target serum tacrolimus levels.

Keywords

Hypomagnesemia, kidney transplant, calcineurin inhibitor, posttransplant electrolyte disorders

Böbrek Nakli Alıcılarında Hipomagnezemi Ve Kalsinörin İnhibitörleri

Abstract

Giriş: Böbrek nakli sonrası hipomagnezemi sık karşılaşılan ve önemli bir elektrolit bozukluğudur. Kalsinörin inhibitörü kullanan hastalarda daha sık görülür. Bu çalışmada böbrek nakli alıcılarının poliklinik takiplerinde hipomagnezemi sıklığı ve bur duruma eşlik eden süreçlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya 236 böbrek nakli hastası dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri ve ilaç düzeylerini de içeren biyokimyasal değerleri kaydedildi.

Bulgular: Hastaların 69'u (%29,2) kadın, 194'ü (%82,3) canlıdan böbrek nakli alıcısıydı. Tüm grubun ortalama yaşı 43.1’di. Hipomagnezemi sıklığı ilk 12 ayda %40 (10/25), 12-60. aylar arasında %26,1 (23/88), 60 aydan sonra %26 (32/123) ve tüm hastalarda %27,5 (65/236) olarak bulunmuştur. Takrolimus düzeyi hedef düzeyin üzerinde olan posttransplant 12-60 ay olan hastalarda (%40,9'a karşı %20,8, p: 0,018) ve 60 ayın üzerinde olanlarda (%44’e karşı %26, p: 0.046) hipomagnezemi sıklığı artmıştır. Ayrıca takrolimus kullanan hastalarda magnezyum (Mg+2) düzeyi siklosporin (CsA) kullananlara göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. (1,80±0,18- 1,91±0,25, p: 0,003). Hipomagnezeminin greft fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkisi tüm gruplarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır.

Sonuç: Hipomagnezemi böbrek nakli sonrası erken ve geç dönemlerde sık görülen bir elektrolit bozukluğudur. Çalışmamızda hipomagnezemi sıklığı proton pompa inhibitörü (PPI) kullanımına, cinsiyete, açlık kan şekerine ve glomerüler filtrasyon hızına göre farklılık göstermemiştir. Ancak takrolimus kullanan hastalarda ve serum takrolimus düzeyi hedefin üzerinde olan hastalarda sıklık artmıştır.

Keywords

Hipomagnezemi, böbrek nakli, kalsinörin inhibitörü, nakil sonrası elektrolit bozuklukları

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