Yerli Turistlerin Covid-19 Korkusunun ve Seyahat Endişelerinin Seyahat Etme Niyetlerine Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 29 - 40, 28.06.2022

Davut Kodaş

https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.1126900

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı COVİD-19 pandemisi boyunca yerli turistlerin yurt içi seyahatlerindeki COVİD-19 korku algıları, seyahat endişeleri ve seyahat niyetleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. 2021 Aralık ayında online anket yoluyla toplam 387 potansiyel yerli ziyaretçiden veri toplanmıştır. Ölçüm modelinin doğrulanması için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve kuramsal modelin test edilmesinde kovaryans-temelli yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden (YEM) yararlanılmıştır. Yapısal model analizinden elde edilen bulgulara göre yerli turistlerin COVİD-19’a ilişkin korkularının seyahat endişeleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi varken, seyahat niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmamıştır. Seyahat endişesinin ise yerli turistlerin seyahat niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre araştırmanın teorik ve pratik katkıları tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

COVİD-19, Seyahat endişesi, Seyahat niyeti, COVİD-19 korkusu.

The Effects of Domestic Tourists' Fear of Covid-19 and Travel Anxiety on Travel Intentions

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perceptions of COVID-19 fear, travel anxiety, and travel intentions of domestic tourists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from a total of 387 participants through an online survey in September 2021, using data collection tools adapted from different studies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the measurement model, and covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the theoretical model. The results of the study show that domestic tourists' fears of COVID-19 infection have influenced significantly on their travel anxiety, and it has not a significant effect on their travel intentions. It has been determined that travel anxiety has a significant effect on the travel intentions of domestic tourists. According to the results of the research, the theoretical and practical contributions of the research are discussed.

Keywords

COVID-19, Travel anxiety, Travel intention, fear of COVID-19.

References

• Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C.Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D. ve Pakpour, A. H. (2020). The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction.
• Altınay Özdemir, M. ve Yıldız, S. (2020). “How COVID-19 Outbreak Affects Tourists’ Travel Intentions? A Case Study In Turkey”, International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 6(32), s.1101-1113.
• Anderson, J. C., ve Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411.
• Arkin, R. M., ve Ruck, L. (2007). Anxiety. In R. F. Baumeister ve K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of social Psychology. Sage.
• Aydın, B. ve Doğan, M. (2020). Yeni koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisinin turistik tüketici davranışları ve Türkiye turizmi üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Pazarlama Teorisi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 6(1), 93-115.
• Aydin, B., Arica, R., ve Arslantürk, Y. (2021). The Effect of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Travel Risk Perception. Journal of Yaşar University, 16(61), 378-392.
• Bae, S. Y., ve Chang, P. J. (2021). The effect of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) risk perception on behavioural intention towards ‘untact’tourism in South Korea during the first wave of the pandemic (March 2020). Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 1017-1035.
• Bhati, A. S., Mohammadi, Z., Agarwal, M., Kamble, Z., ve Donough-Tan, G. (2021). Motivating or manipulating: The influence of health-protective behaviour and media engagement on post-COVID-19 travel. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(15).
• Boto-García, D., ve Leoni, V. (2021). Exposure to COVID-19 and travel intentions: Evidence from Spain. Tourism Economics, 1-21
• Bujisic, M., Bogicevic, V., Yang, W., Cobanoglu, C., ve Bilgihan, A. (2017). “Hobson’s choice” servicescape: Consumer anxiety and enjoyment. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 34(7), 577–590.
• Chebli, A. ve Said, F. B. (2020). The impact of covid-19 on tourist consumption behaviour: a perspective article. Journal Of Tourism Management Research, 7(2), 196-207.
• Chen, H. B., Yeh, S. S., ve Huan, T. C. (2014). Nostalgic emotion, experiential value, brand image, and consumption intentions of customers of nostalgic-themed restaurants. Journal of Business Research, 67(3), 354-360.
• Chiou, W.-B., ve Wan, C.-S. (2006). The effects of anxiety and sadness on travelers’ decisions and perceived risk: Mood management as an active process of affect-adjustment. In M. C. Lees, T. Davis, & G. Gregory (Eds.), AP - Asia-Pacific advances in consumer research (Vol. 7, pp. 385–392). Association for Consumer Research.
• Çetinkaya, Ö., Özer, Y, ve Altunel, G. K. (2020). Covid-19 sürecinde turistik seyahat risk algısı ve hijyen-güvenlik algısının değerlendirilmesi. Tourism and Recreation, 2(2), 78-83.
• Das, S. S., ve Tiwari, A. K. (2021). Understanding international and domestic travel intention of Indian travellers during COVID-19 using a Bayesian approach. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(2), 228-244.
• Dash, G., & Paul, J. (2021). CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 121092.
• de Hoog, N., Stroebe, W., ve de Wit, J. B. (2008). The processing of fear‐arousing communications: How biased processing leads to persuasion. Social Influence, 3(2), 84-113.
• Dedeoğlu, B. B., & Boğan, E. (2021). The motivations of visiting upscale restaurants during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of risk perception and trust in government. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, 102905.
• Dedeoğlu, B. B., Mariani, M., Shi, F., & Okumus, B. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 on destination visit intention and local food consumption. British Food Journal 124(2), 634-653.
• Etyemez, S., ve Kemer, E. (2021). Kovid 19 Salgınının Turistik Restoranlara Etkisi Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 493-503.
• Foo, L. P., Chin, M. Y., Tan, K. L., ve Phuah, K. T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on tourism industry in Malaysia. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-5.
• Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
• George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.
• Ghaderi, Z., King, B., ve Hall, C. M. (2021). Crisis preparedness of hospitality managers: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights.
• Gössling, S., Scott, D., ve Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
• Gupta, A., Gupta, D. R., ve Arora, N. (2010). The relationship between perceived travel risk, travel safety, travel anxiety and intentions to travel: A path analysis study of domestic traveller in India. International Journal of tourism and Travel, 3(1), 25.
• Hem, L. E., Iversen, N. M., ve Nysveen, H. (2003). Effects of ad photos portraying risky vacation situations on intention to visit a tourist destination: Moderating effects of age, gender, and nationality. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 13(4), 1-26.
• Hoque, A., Shikha, F. A., Hasanat, M. W., Arif, I. and Hamid, A. B. A. (2020). The Effect of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the Tourism Industry in China, Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(1), 52-58.
• Jaipuria, S., Parida, R., ve Ray, P. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on tourism sector in India. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(2), 245-260.
• Kabadayı, M. ve Kardeş, N. (2020). Kovid-19'un (Koronavirüsün) Yerli Turist Davranışı ve Seyahat Eğilimlerine Etkileri, Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(4), s. 3703-3719.
• Karagöz, D., Işık, C., Dogru, T., ve Zhang, L. (2021). Solo female travel risks, anxiety and travel intentions: Examining the moderating role of online psychological-social support. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(11), 1595-1612.
• Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (ijec), 11(4), 1-10.
• Lee, C. K., Song, H. J., Bendle, L. J., Kim, M. J., ve Han, H. (2012). The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for 2009 H1N1 influenza on travel intentions: A model of goal-directed behavior. Tourism Management, 33(1), 89–99.
• Luo, J. M., ve Lam, C. F. (2020). Travel anxiety, risk attitude and travel intentions towards “travel bubble” destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the fear of COVID-19. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(21), 7859.
• Matiza, T. (2020). Post-COVID-19 crisis travel behaviour: towards mitigating the effects of perceived risk. Journal of Tourism Futures. Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
• Meng, Y., Khan, A., Bibi, S., Zhao, W., Chen, W., ve Lee, Y. (2021). The effects of COVID-19 risk perception on travel intention: Evidence from Chinese travelers. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 2743.
• Neuburger, L., ve Egger, R. (2021). Travel risk perception and travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020: A case study of the DACH region. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 1003-1016.
• Perić, G., Dramićanin, S., ve Conić, M. (2021). The impact of Serbian tourists' risk perception on their travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Tourism Research, 27, 2705-2705.
• Person, B., Sy, F., Holton, K., Govert, B., Liang, A., ve Sars, N. (2004). Fear and stigma : The epidemic within the SARS outbreak. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10(2), 358–363.
• Podsakoff, P.M. ve Organ, D.W. (1986). Self-Peports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects, Journal of Management, 12(4), 531-544.
• Reisinger, Y., ve Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: Implications of travel risk perception. Journal of travel research, 43(3), 212-225.
• Reznik, A., Gritsenko, V., Konstantinov, V., Khamenka, N., ve Isralowitz, R. (2020). COVID-19 fear in Eastern Europe: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale. International journal of mental health and addiction, 1. 1-6.
• Sadock, B. J., ve Sadock, V. A. (2003). Synopsis of psychiatry behavioural sciences/clinical psychiatry. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
• Shahabi Sorman Abadi, R., Ghaderi, Z., Hall, C. M., Soltaninasab, M., ve Hossein Qezelbash, A. (2021). COVID-19 and the travel behavior of xenophobic tourists. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1-23.
• Şanlı, S. C., Erdem, A. Ve Unur, K. (2020). Koronavirüs Salgınının Tatile Çıkma Niyeti Üzerine Etkisi”, Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), s. 1671-1688.
• Taylor, S. (2019). The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Newcastle, UK.
• Uğur, N. G., ve Akbıyık, A. (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism industry: A cross-regional comparison. Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100744.
• Vaishar, A., & Šťastná, M. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural tourism in Czechia Preliminary considerations. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(2), 187-191.
• Wachyuni, S. S., ve Kusumaningrum, D. A. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 pandemic: How are the future tourist behavior?. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 33(4). 67-76.
• Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., ve Liu, F. (2020). COVID-19: potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review. 76 (1), 74-87.
• Wilder-Smith, A. (2006). The severe acute respiratory syndrome: impact on travel and tourism. Travel medicine and infectious disease, 4(2), 53-60.
• Yusuf, A. (2020). Yeni koronavirüs (Kovid-19) salgını ve turizm faaliyetlerine etkisi. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 7-21.
• Zenker, S., Braun, E., ve Gyimóthy, S. (2021). Too afraid to Travel? Development of a pandemic (COVID-19) anxiety travel scale (PATS). Tourism Management, 84, 104286.
• Zheng, D., Luo, Q., ve Ritchie, B. W. (2021). Afraid to travel after COVID-19? Self-protection, coping and resilience against pandemic ‘travel fear’. Tourism Management, 83, 104261.