Çok Uluslu Şirketlerin Kontrolünde Ulusal Hükümetlerin İsteksizliği Üzerine Kısa Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 41 - 55, 31.12.2018

Mehmet Özyürek

https://doi.org/10.24013/jomelips.439196

Abstract

Çok uluslu şirketler küreselleşen dünyanın en
önemli ekonomik aktörlerinden. Hatta bunlardan bazıları birçok ülkenin
ekonomisi için hayati bir rol oynamakta. Şirketler her ne kadar birçok ülke
için önemli ekonomik aktörler olsa da, insanlar üzerinde sayısız olumsuz etkiye
sahip. Ancak bu olumsuz etkileri azaltmak üzere yapılacak düzenlemeler ile
şirketleri denetlemek çok da kolay değil. Bu şirketlerin çoğu farklı ülkelerdeki
iştirakleri veya sahip oldukları karmaşık tedarikçi ağı ile faaliyetlerini
ulusal sınırların ötesinde sürdürüyor. Bu durum çok uluslu şirketlerin
herhangi bir ulusal/yerel hukuk rejiminin kontrolü altında tutulmasını
zorlaştırıyor. Birçok akademik çalışma bu noktada uluslararası bir kontrol
sisteminin yokluğuna odaklanmakta. Ama akla gelen başka bir soru bu şirketlerin
en azından ulusal düzeyde kontrolünün sağlanıp sağlanamayacağı. Aşağıdaki
çalışma bu soruya cevap aramanın yanı sıra ulusal hükümetlerin çok uluslu
şirketleri denetlemekte neden isteksiz davrandıklarının normatif bir değerlendirmesini yapıyor.  

Keywords

Çok uluslu şirketler, iş yaşamı ve insan hakları, küreselleşme, kurumsal sorumluluk

A Brief Analysis on Why the National Initiatives are Inevitably Insufficient to Curb Multinational Corporations

Abstract

Corporations have been named as the key economic
actors in the globalised world. Most countries find themselves dominated by major multinational corporations.
Even though corporations create many positive outcomes for
national economies, they possess a myriad of negative impact on people,
especially on employees. Yet, it is not easy to reduce this negative impact via
traditional/national regulatory strategies since many such corporations carry out their operations,
either directly, or indirectly, through their subsidiaries, doing so across
several countries, whilst others conduct their operations in the midst of
complex supply chains that are located beyond national borders.
This situation makes corporations transnational actors that may not be curbed
by any single domestic regulation. However, why do
not individual states regulate such companies sufficiently in their own country
through the patchwork of domestic regulations? The following paper shall
briefly examine why national governments are reluctant to play an active role in
terms of corporate regulation.

Keywords

Multinational corporations, business and human rights, globalisation, corporate regulation, corporate responsibility

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