Planning as a
decision-making process for the future determines the future of settlements and
cities at every scale and the spatial development of the settlements is shaped
within the framework of prepared plans. In this context, planning processes are
very important processes that determine the use of space in society and its experience
in urban areas. The irregularity of today's cities, wrong land use, the
dominance of the built environment to the natural environment, and the
superiority of the vehicles reveals the importance of the planning processes
and the use of the space designed in these processes. Of decision-makers, and
in particular planners' vision, as well as the involvement of people in
decision-making processes that require an interdisciplinary team to work and in
these processes, determines the fate of how society will live throughout its
lifetime. In the planning process, it is only possible to realize spatial
organizations that provide quality of life together with the comfort of
community taking into account human ecology and urban ecology.
The main
material of the work is the first zoning plan of Atça and the forms that the
zoning plan took in the historical development process and the data
(information, documents and photographs) about the current state of Atça. In
this study, by means of 1926 and 1991 master plans and the other documents, the
role of the actors involved in these processes was examined together with
Atça's planned development process which is a successful planning and good
application example in the history of Turkish urbanism and the urban open green
space system of Atça was examined in terms of landscape planning and design.
The role of
Atatürk, the planner and the local administrators supporting this development,
is great in the development process of Atca settlement. The planned development
of the Atça district of Aydın Province, which can be shown as an example, has
been realized thanks to the cooperation and vision of the planners and local
administrators, especially Atatürk. Atça constitutes a model of settlement in
the history of Turkish urbanism as a successful planning process in which
actors devising the future of the society are considering environmental factors
and quality of life in the context of human ecology and urban ecology and how
these practices can be realized. It has been determined that Atça, the product
of a successful planning process, is also a successful example in terms of both
ecological planning and landscape design. It was determined that the strategy
of creating green areas and bringing nature to the city, which has become
trends in mass housing applications in recent years, had been adopted as a
basic principle for the planned development of Atca in 1990s. In the period in
which ecological approach and principles in the planning process in our country
had not yet started to take place in the framework of legislation or even in
the planning process, it was revealed that the Atça district was planned with
the urban ecology approach.
Geleceğe
yönelik karar verme süreci olarak planlamalar, her ölçekteki yerleşme ve
kentlerin geleceğini belirlemekte, yerleşmelerin mekânsal gelişimi hazırlanan
planlar çerçevesinde biçimlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, planlama süreçleri toplumun
mekan kullanımını ve kentsel alanlardaki yaşantısını belirleyen çok önemli
süreçlerdir. Disiplinlerarası bir ekip çalışmasını gerektiren planlama
süreçlerine katılan karar verici aktörlerin işbirliği ve bu süreçlere halkın
katılımı kadar, karar vericilerin ve özellikle de plancıların vizyonu toplumun
yaşam boyu nasıl bir çevre içerisinde yaşayacağına ilişkin kaderini
belirlemektedir. Buna örnek olarak gösterilebilecek Aydın iline bağlı Atça
mahallesinin planlı gelişimi de, başta Atatürk olmak üzere, plancı ve yerel
yöneticilerin işbirliği ve vizyonu sayesinde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada,
Atça’nın 1926 ve 1991 imar planları, plan kararları, tarihsel sürece ilişkin
belgeler, fotoğraflar ve alanda yapılan güncel saptamalar üzerinden, Atça'nın
planlı gelişim süreci ve bu süreçlere dahil olan aktörlerin rolü ortaya
konulmuş, Atça’daki kentsel açık yeşil alan sistemi peyzaj planlama ve peyzaj
tasarımı açısından irdelenmiştir. Ülkemizde planlama sürecine yön veren
ekolojik yaklaşım ve ilkelerin mevzuat çerçevesinde ve hatta planlama sürecinde
henüz yer almadığı dönemde, Atça’nın kent ekolojisi yaklaşımıyla planlandığı
ortaya çıkmıştır. Atça, toplumun geleceğini kurgulayan aktörlerin insan
ekolojisi ve kent ekolojisi bağlamında çevresel faktörleri ve yaşam kalitesini
göz önüne alarak gerçekleştirdikleri başarılı bir planlama sürecine ve bu
doğrultudaki uygulamalara ilişkin Türk şehircilik tarihinde örnek bir yerleşme
modeli oluşturmaktadır.
Primary Language | English |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | July 31, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 1 |