The protection forest concept
was first mentioned on the forestry legislation in 1924. But, the first protection forest, Belgrad Protection Forest, has
been established in the 1950s. There are 55 protection forests in Turkey’s
different geographical regions. These forests have different functions such as
the positive effects on the water cycle, the protection of soil and soil fertility,
and the positive effects on the health, climate and carbon cycle, except for
the production of wood raw materials. Protection forests have
unfortunately lost their importance today. The protection forests have been
transformed into areas used for non-forestry benefits, mostly for commercial
water production, mining, etc., except for social purposes. However, there is a
need for a new understanding that is governed by urban forestry and green
infrastructure concepts that will manage the protection forests to meet the
needs of the rapidly growing urban population. In
this study, one of the important tools of urban forestry management in Turkey
with protection forests, cultural ecosystem services it provides to urban
forestry and green infrastructure, the selected 10 sample protection forest has
attempted to identify. In the selection of the samples protection
forests, attention was paid to represent each of the criteria for permanent and
temporary protection forest. According to the
findings of the study, protection forests offer important cultural ecosystem
services to the society by contributing to the environment and human health,
strengthening the social ties and establishing the ties between man and nature.
The establishment purposes of examined protected forest and the ecosystem
services they provide are:
- Positively affecting the health of cities and the environment,
- Serving the development of the area in terms of tourism through
protection of natural of life,
- Keeping the housing development and industrialization under control,
- Protecting the forests more effectively and preventing the
environmental pollution,
- Contributing to the protection of water basins by preventing the
pollution and clogging of lakes, which are the source of drinking water for the
cities,
- Offering the public recreation service,
- Being an area for research and training for the Faculty of Forestry,
- Preventing the clogging of beaches, rivers, railways, and highways by
erosion.
Considering that
the protection forests are an important tool for urban forestry and green
infrastructure applications, studies should be carried out to develop a
management approach that will manage the protection forests according to their
real establishment objectives and to diversify the ecosystem services it
provides.
Muhafaza ormanları 1950’li yılların başından itibaren büyük
ümitlerle kurulmaya başlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin farklı coğrafi bölgelerinde yer
alan toplam 55 muhafaza ormanı bulunmaktadır. Bu ormanlar odun hammaddesi
üretimi dışında su döngüsü üzerindeki olumlu etkileri, toprağı ve toprak
verimliliğini koruması, sağlık, iklim ve karbon döngüsü üzerindeki olumlu
etkileri gibi değişik fonksiyonlara sahiptirler. Ancak muhafaza ormanları günümüzde
eski önemini kaybetmiş ve toplumsal amaçlar dışında, daha çok ticari su
üretimi, madencilik, vb. ormancılık dışı faydalanmalar için kullanılan alanlar
haline dönüşmüştür. Oysa muhafaza ormanlarını hızla artmakta olan kent
nüfusunun ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak üzere yönetecek, kent ormancılığı ve yeşil
altyapı kavramlarıyla yoğrulmuş yeni bir anlayışa ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada, kent ormancılığı yönetiminin
önemli araçlarından biri olan muhafaza ormanlarının, kent ormancılığına ve
yeşil altyapıya sağladığı kültürel ekosistem hizmetleri, seçilen 10 muhafaza
ormanı özelinde belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre;
muhafaza ormanları çevreye ve insan sağlığına katkı yaparak, toplumsal bağların
kuvvetlendirerek, insan ile doğa arasındaki bağları tesis ederek topluma önemli
kültürel ekosistem hizmetleri sunmaktadır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Forest Industry Engineering |
Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 31, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 2 |