Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits

Year 2022, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 305 - 317, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.948460

Abstract

In this research, temperature and relative humidity in a cold store with an evaporative cooling system were investigated during one-month cold storage of Aronia melanocarpa Nero fruits. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were measured by sensors at 36 points for different levels (top, medium and base level). The research was carried out in accordance with the randomized plot design for the purpose of storing Aronia melanocarpa in a cold store at +3oC for 1 month. The results were evaluated by using variance analyses and descriptive statistics. In addition, spatial variability maps were created for evaluating of temperature and relative humidity variation at different levels. Variation of the temperature was determined between 3.40oC and 5.32oC for top level, 3.80oC and 5.49oC for middle level and 3.92oC and 5.51oC for base level at 3oC storage temperature. Coefficient of variations was determined as 11.47% for top level, 11.48% for middle level and 7.10% for bottom level for temperature. The relative humidity values were changed between 74.00% and 88.09%. Mean coefficient of variation of the relative humidity varied between 3.22% and 4.43%. According to the results; distributions of the temperature and relative humidity for different levels were not uniform. Reason of high variability between measurement of the temperature and the relative humidity for different levels in the cold store was the distribution of the cold air. The cold air was ventilated by an evaporator and distributed according to the design of the cold store (dimensions, shape, and materials) and placement of fruit cases. Different storage conditions were determined at different levels in the cold store during storage of Aronia fruits in this research. In addition, there is generally one temperature/relative humidity sensor located back of the door inside the cold store used to control the cooling system. Measurement of the temperature and relative humidity from one point in a cold store is not enough to give an idea about the ambient conditions of the cold store. When storing agricultural products, the use of more temperature/relative humidity sensors in the cold store will enable the actual situation of the temperature and relative humidity values to be taken into account to control the operation of the cooling system. Additional cold air distribution systems such as ventilator, air curtains and placement of fruit cases may help to improve air distribution and decrease the spatial variability of the storage conditions in the cold store.

Thanks

This research was supported by Kirklareli Commodity Exchange and Salkim Fidancılık, İstanbul . Authors would like to thank to Kirklareli Commodity Exchange and Salkim Fidancılık, İstanbul for their support.

References

  • Akdemir, B., Blackmore, S. (2004) Yield mapping preparation techniques. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimler Dergisi), Agricultural Machinery 10 (1): 38-44
  • Akdemir, S., Arin, S. (2006). Spatial variability of ambient temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in a cold store. Journal of Central European Agriculture 7(1): 1001-110
  • Akdemir, S., Tagarakis, A. (2014). Investigation of Spatial Variability of Air Temperature, Humidity and Velocity in Cold Stores by Using Management Zone Analysis, Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi), 20:175-186
  • Akdemir, S., Bal, E. (2014). Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of Ambient Factors in Boxes for Apple Cold Storage. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty (Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi) 11(1):53-62
  • Akdemir,S., Bartzanas, T. (2015) Numerical Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Cold Store Ambient Factors. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi) 21:606-619
  • Akdemir, S., Ozturk, S., Ulger, P. (2016). CFD Modelling of Ambient Factors in A Tractor Cabin for Summer Conditions. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty (Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi) 13(02):46-54
  • Ambaw, A., Mukama, Matia ., Opara, U.L. (2017). Analysis of the effects of package design on the rate and uniformity of cooling of stacked pomegranates: Numerical and experimental studies. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 136:13-24
  • Anonymous, (2021). Yetistir.net, https://yetistir.net/aronia-aronya-yetistiriciligi-ve-uretimi/, (Accessed date: 18.12.2021) . Arkema, F.W., DeBaerdemaeker, J., Amirante, P., Ruiz-Altisent, M., Studman, C. J. (1999). CIGR Handbook of Agricultural Engineering Volume IV., ASAE ( The Society for Engineering in Agricultural, food, and biological systems, LCCN 98-93767 ISBN 1-892769-03-4, p:342
  • Bishnoi, R., Aharwal., K.R. (2020). Experimental investigation of air flow field and cooling heterogeneity in a refrigerated room. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 23:1434-1443
  • Borowska, S., Brzoska, M.M. (2016). Chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) and their products as a possible means for the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases and unfavourable health effects due to exposure to xenobiotics. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 15: 982-1017
  • Cemeroğlu, B., Yemenicioğlu, A., Özkan, M. (2001). Meyve sebzelerin bileşimi soğukta depolanmaları. Gıda Teknoloji Derneği Yayınları, , Ankara, p:256
  • Engin, S.P., Mert, C. (2020). The effects of harvesting time on the physicochemical components of aronia berry. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 44(4): 361-370
  • Engin, S.P., Mert, C., Fidanci, A., Boz, Y. (2016). Morphologycal examination of aronia berry. Horticulture 45: 71–78
  • Engin,S.P., Boz, Y. (2019). Aronia (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) cultivation in Turkey and in the world. Horticulture 48: 247–252
  • Hwang, E-S., Yeom, M. S. (2019). Effects of storage temperature on the bioactive compound content and antioxidant activity of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit. Korean Journal of Food Preservation 26(5): 455-465
  • Jiang, T., Nanqin X. , Baojun, L., Le, D., L., Shengli. W., Qun, G., Yongxian, Z., (2020) Analysis of an internal structure for refrigerated container: Improving distribution of cooling capacity, International Journal of Refrigeration; 113:228-238
  • Karadal, S., Yavuzlar, E. E., Adak, N., Goncu, S. (2019). The effects of Mycorrhiza application on plant growth in aronıa (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot) grown in soilless culture. Horticulture 48: 31–37
  • Kashian, R., Jaggi, C. K., Storts, E., Fowler, K. (2016). An evaluation to determine the feasibility of growing aronia berries at the Kohler Company January. Whitewater. Fiscal & Economic Research Center.
  • Kulling, S. E., Rawel, H. M., (2008). Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) – A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects, Planta Med 74:1625-1634
  • Ochmian, I., Grajkowski J., Smolik M. (2012). Comparison of some morphological features, quality and chemical content of four cultivars of chokeberry fruits (Aronia melanocarpa) Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca 40:253–60
  • Oszmianski, J., Lachowicz, S. (2016). Effect of the production of dried fruits and juice from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) on the content and antioxidative activity of bioactive compounds. Molecules 21: 1098 doi:10.3390/molecules21081098
  • Persson, H.A., Jeppsson, N., Bartish, IV., Nybom, H. (2004). RAPD analysis of diploid and tetraploid populations of Aronia points to different reproductive strategies within the genus. Hereditas 141:301–12. 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01772.x [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  • Shahin, L., Phaal, S. S., Vaidya, B. N., Brown, J. E., Joshee, N. (2019). Aronia (Chokeberry): an underutilized highly nutraceutical plant. Journal of medicinally active plants 8: 46-63
  • Sidor, A., Gramza-Michałowska, A. (2019). Black Chokeberry Aronia Melanocarpa L.A qualitative composition. Phenolic profile and antioxidant potential. Molecules 24: 3710. doi:10.3390/molecules 24203710
  • Soysal, I. (2000). Principles of Biometry. Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Publication No:95, Course Note No:66, Tekirdag. Turkey.
  • Soysal, M.I., Gurcan, E.K. (2012). Research and experimental design methods with solved application samples. Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag. Turkey.
  • Wawer I. The power of nature – Aronia melanocarpa, 1st ed. London, UK: Nature’s Print Ltd.; 2006.

Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits

Year 2022, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 305 - 317, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.948460

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, Aronia melanocarpa Nero meyvelerinin, evaporatif soğutma sistemli bir soğuk hava deposunda 1 ay boyunca depolanması sırasında, ortam sıcaklığının ve bağıl nemin farklı seviyelerdeki değişimi araştırılmıştır. Depolama sırasında ortam sıcaklığı ve bağıl nemi farklı seviyelerde (üst, orta ve alt seviyelerde) 36 noktada sensörler ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırma, aronya melanocarpa meyvelerinin +3oC da soğuk hava deposunda depolanması amacıyla tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine uygun olarak 1 ay sürdürülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları varyans analizi ve tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, soğuk hava deposunun farklı seviyeleri için ortam sıcaklığı ve bağıl nemin mekânsal değişkenlik haritaları değişkenliğin grafiksel olarak da değerlendirilmesi için oluşturulmuştur. Sıcaklık değişimi, üst seviye için 3.40oC ile 5.32oC, orta seviye için 3.80oC ile 5.49oC ve taban seviyesi için 3.92oC ile 5.51oC arasında saptanmıştır. Soğuk hava deposunda üst, orta ve alt seviyeler için varyasyon katsayıları sırasıyla %11.47, %11.48 ve %7.10 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bağıl nem %74.00 ile % 88.09 arasında değişmiştir. Bağıl nem varyasyon katsayısı %3.22 ile %4.43 arasında değişmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; aronya meyvelerinin depolandığı soğuk hava deposunda, farklı seviyelerdeki düzlemler için ortam sıcaklığı ve bağıl nemin konuma bağlı dağılımı tekdüze değildir. Soğuk hava deposundaki farklı seviyelerde sıcaklık ve bağıl nem ölçümleri arasındaki yüksek değişkenliğin nedeni, soğuk havanın dağılımıdır. Soğuk hava, bir evaporatör tarafından depo içine gönderilmektedir ve soğuk deponun tasarımı (boyutlar, biçim ve malzeme) ve meyve kasalarının depo içinde yerleşimine göre dağılmaktadır. Bu araştırma çalışmasında; Aronia meyvelerinin muhafaza edilmesi sırasında soğuk depoda farklı seviyelerde farklı depolama koşulları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, soğutma sistemini kontrol etmek için kullanılan soğuk hava deposunun içinde, genellikle kapının arkasına yerleştirilmiş bir sıcaklık/bağıl nem sensörü bulunur. Soğuk hava deposunda bir noktadan sıcaklık ve bağıl nemin ölçülmesi, soğuk hava deposunun ortam koşulları hakkında fikir vermek için yeterli değildir. Tarım ürünleri depolanırken, soğuk depoda daha fazla sıcaklık/bağıl nem sensörünün kullanılması, soğutma sisteminin çalışmasını kontrol etmek için dikkate alınan sıcaklık ve bağıl nem değerlerini gerçek durumunun belirlenmesini sağlayacaktır. Vantilatör, hava perdeleri gibi ek soğuk hava dağıtım sistemlerinin kullanılması ve meyve kasalarının yerleşimi, hava dağılımını iyileştirmeye ve soğuk depodaki depolama koşullarının mekansal değişkenliğini azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir.

References

  • Akdemir, B., Blackmore, S. (2004) Yield mapping preparation techniques. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimler Dergisi), Agricultural Machinery 10 (1): 38-44
  • Akdemir, S., Arin, S. (2006). Spatial variability of ambient temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in a cold store. Journal of Central European Agriculture 7(1): 1001-110
  • Akdemir, S., Tagarakis, A. (2014). Investigation of Spatial Variability of Air Temperature, Humidity and Velocity in Cold Stores by Using Management Zone Analysis, Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi), 20:175-186
  • Akdemir, S., Bal, E. (2014). Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of Ambient Factors in Boxes for Apple Cold Storage. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty (Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi) 11(1):53-62
  • Akdemir,S., Bartzanas, T. (2015) Numerical Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Cold Store Ambient Factors. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi) 21:606-619
  • Akdemir, S., Ozturk, S., Ulger, P. (2016). CFD Modelling of Ambient Factors in A Tractor Cabin for Summer Conditions. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty (Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi) 13(02):46-54
  • Ambaw, A., Mukama, Matia ., Opara, U.L. (2017). Analysis of the effects of package design on the rate and uniformity of cooling of stacked pomegranates: Numerical and experimental studies. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 136:13-24
  • Anonymous, (2021). Yetistir.net, https://yetistir.net/aronia-aronya-yetistiriciligi-ve-uretimi/, (Accessed date: 18.12.2021) . Arkema, F.W., DeBaerdemaeker, J., Amirante, P., Ruiz-Altisent, M., Studman, C. J. (1999). CIGR Handbook of Agricultural Engineering Volume IV., ASAE ( The Society for Engineering in Agricultural, food, and biological systems, LCCN 98-93767 ISBN 1-892769-03-4, p:342
  • Bishnoi, R., Aharwal., K.R. (2020). Experimental investigation of air flow field and cooling heterogeneity in a refrigerated room. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 23:1434-1443
  • Borowska, S., Brzoska, M.M. (2016). Chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) and their products as a possible means for the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases and unfavourable health effects due to exposure to xenobiotics. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 15: 982-1017
  • Cemeroğlu, B., Yemenicioğlu, A., Özkan, M. (2001). Meyve sebzelerin bileşimi soğukta depolanmaları. Gıda Teknoloji Derneği Yayınları, , Ankara, p:256
  • Engin, S.P., Mert, C. (2020). The effects of harvesting time on the physicochemical components of aronia berry. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 44(4): 361-370
  • Engin, S.P., Mert, C., Fidanci, A., Boz, Y. (2016). Morphologycal examination of aronia berry. Horticulture 45: 71–78
  • Engin,S.P., Boz, Y. (2019). Aronia (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) cultivation in Turkey and in the world. Horticulture 48: 247–252
  • Hwang, E-S., Yeom, M. S. (2019). Effects of storage temperature on the bioactive compound content and antioxidant activity of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit. Korean Journal of Food Preservation 26(5): 455-465
  • Jiang, T., Nanqin X. , Baojun, L., Le, D., L., Shengli. W., Qun, G., Yongxian, Z., (2020) Analysis of an internal structure for refrigerated container: Improving distribution of cooling capacity, International Journal of Refrigeration; 113:228-238
  • Karadal, S., Yavuzlar, E. E., Adak, N., Goncu, S. (2019). The effects of Mycorrhiza application on plant growth in aronıa (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot) grown in soilless culture. Horticulture 48: 31–37
  • Kashian, R., Jaggi, C. K., Storts, E., Fowler, K. (2016). An evaluation to determine the feasibility of growing aronia berries at the Kohler Company January. Whitewater. Fiscal & Economic Research Center.
  • Kulling, S. E., Rawel, H. M., (2008). Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) – A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects, Planta Med 74:1625-1634
  • Ochmian, I., Grajkowski J., Smolik M. (2012). Comparison of some morphological features, quality and chemical content of four cultivars of chokeberry fruits (Aronia melanocarpa) Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca 40:253–60
  • Oszmianski, J., Lachowicz, S. (2016). Effect of the production of dried fruits and juice from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) on the content and antioxidative activity of bioactive compounds. Molecules 21: 1098 doi:10.3390/molecules21081098
  • Persson, H.A., Jeppsson, N., Bartish, IV., Nybom, H. (2004). RAPD analysis of diploid and tetraploid populations of Aronia points to different reproductive strategies within the genus. Hereditas 141:301–12. 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01772.x [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  • Shahin, L., Phaal, S. S., Vaidya, B. N., Brown, J. E., Joshee, N. (2019). Aronia (Chokeberry): an underutilized highly nutraceutical plant. Journal of medicinally active plants 8: 46-63
  • Sidor, A., Gramza-Michałowska, A. (2019). Black Chokeberry Aronia Melanocarpa L.A qualitative composition. Phenolic profile and antioxidant potential. Molecules 24: 3710. doi:10.3390/molecules 24203710
  • Soysal, I. (2000). Principles of Biometry. Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Publication No:95, Course Note No:66, Tekirdag. Turkey.
  • Soysal, M.I., Gurcan, E.K. (2012). Research and experimental design methods with solved application samples. Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag. Turkey.
  • Wawer I. The power of nature – Aronia melanocarpa, 1st ed. London, UK: Nature’s Print Ltd.; 2006.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serap Akdemir 0000-0001-5057-174X

Early Pub Date May 17, 2022
Publication Date May 31, 2022
Submission Date June 6, 2021
Acceptance Date January 6, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 19 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akdemir, S. (2022). Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 305-317. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.948460
AMA Akdemir S. Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits. JOTAF. May 2022;19(2):305-317. doi:10.33462/jotaf.948460
Chicago Akdemir, Serap. “Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19, no. 2 (May 2022): 305-17. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.948460.
EndNote Akdemir S (May 1, 2022) Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19 2 305–317.
IEEE S. Akdemir, “Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits”, JOTAF, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 305–317, 2022, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.948460.
ISNAD Akdemir, Serap. “Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19/2 (May 2022), 305-317. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.948460.
JAMA Akdemir S. Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits. JOTAF. 2022;19:305–317.
MLA Akdemir, Serap. “Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 2, 2022, pp. 305-17, doi:10.33462/jotaf.948460.
Vancouver Akdemir S. Determination of Variability in Ambient Conditions During Cold Storage of Aronia Fruits. JOTAF. 2022;19(2):305-17.