Observance of Agronomic and Nutritive Profile of Some Silage Corn Hybrids in Central Anatolian Region of Turkey

Year 2024, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 393 - 403, 13.03.2024

Uğur Özkan

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1273664

Abstract

The silage corn (SC) production and yield per area in Turkey have increased over the last decade owing to their high economic importance. The first objective of the current study was to determine the agronomic and nutritive profiles of SC hybrids in the Central Anatolian region of Ankara, Turkey. The other objective was to determine the relationship between silage maturity and corn heat unit (CHU) and growing degree day (GDD) ratings. The current study was set up as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Certified seeds of five dissimilar SC hybrids (cv PL 712, cv TORRO, cv CHAMP, cv MACHA, cv RANGER) (n=5) were established in the field. SC hybrids showed variation among themselves. Differences were also detected in all parameters, except dry matter (DM) content and crude protein (CP) yield. Cv “MACHA” had the highest nutritive profile [CP: 9.60%; acid detergent fiber (ADF): 30.02%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF): 51.62%; acid detergent lignin (ADL): 3.72%; total digestible nutrient (TDN): 62.60%; metabolic energy (ME): 2.34 Mcal kg-1 DM; net energy production (NEp): 1.50 Mcal kg-1 DM]. One of the other hybrids, Cv “CHAMP” had the highest yield components [silage yield: 104.20 t ha-1; dry matter yield: 35.4 t ha-1; TDN yield: 21.10 t ha-1; ME yield: 77880.00 Mcal ha-1; NEp yield: 49914.00 Mcal ha-1]. There was a significant correlation between silage maturity and CHU and GDD ratings [CHUseed (r = 0.84, P= 0.001), CHUsilk (r = 0.90, P<0.001), and GDD (r = 0.89, P<0.001). Based on these results, it was determined that the low-CHU SC hybrid had higher yield values and nutrient profiles in Ankara. In addition to this, SC hybrids; “cv CHAMP” and “cv MACHA” could be recommended for their agronomic profile, nutritive profile, and yield components in the Central Anatolian regions, Ankara, Turkey.

Keywords

Agronomy, Maturity, Cultivar selection, Yield, Quality

Türkiye'nin Orta Anadolu Bölgesinde Bazı Silajlık Mısır Hibritlerinin Tarımsal ve Besin Profilinin Gözlenmesi

Abstract

Türkiye'de silajlık mısır (SM) üretimi ve alan başına verim, ekonomik öneminin fazlalığı nedeniyle son on yılda artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın ilk amacı, Türkiye-Ankara'da Orta Anadolu bölgesinde SM hibritlerinin agronomik ve besleyici profilini belirlemektir. Çalışmanın diğer amacı, silaj olgunluğu ile mısır ısı birimi (CHU) ve yetiştirme derecesi günleri (GDD) arasındaki ilişkiyi göstermektir. Bu araştırma, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Sertifikalı beş farklı SM hibriti (cv PL 712, cv TORRO, cv CHAMP, cv MACHA, cv RANGER) (n=5) tarlaya kurulmuştur. SM hibritleri kendi aralarında farklılıklar göstermiştir. Kuru madde (KM) içeriği ve ham protein (HP) verimi hariç tüm parametrelerde de farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Cv “MACHA” en yüksek besleyici profile sahip olmuştur [HP: 9.60%; asit deterjan lifi (ADF): 30.02%; nötr deterjan lifi (NDF): %51.62; asit deterjan lignin (ADL): 3.72%; toplam sindirilebilir besin (TSB): 62.60%; metabolik enerji (ME): 2.34 Mcal kg-1 KM; net enerji üretimi (NEp):1.50 Mcal kg-1 KM]. Diğer hibritlerden biri olan, Cv “CHAMP” ise en yüksek verim bileşenlerine sahiptir [Silaj verimi: 104.20 t ha-1; KM verimi: 35.4 t ha-1; TSB verimi: 21.10 t ha-1; ME verimi: 77880.00 Mcal ha-1; NEp verimi: 49914.00 Mcal ha-1]. Silaj olgunluğu ile CHU ve GDD dereceleri arasındaki ilişki, önemli derecede korelasyon göstermiştir [CHUseed (r = 0.84, P= 0.001), CHUsilk (r = 0.90, P<0.001) ve GDD (r = 0.89, P<0.001)]. Yukarıdaki sonuçlara dayanarak, Ankara’da düşük CHU değerlerine sahip olan SM hibritlerinin daha yüksek verim ve kaliteye sahip oldukları belirlendi. Buna ek olarak; Türkiye’nin Orta Anadolu bölgesindeki Ankara’da agronomik profil, besleyici profil ve verim bileşenleri için SM hibritlerinden “cv CHAMP” ve “cv MACHA” önerilebilmektedir.

Keywords

Agronomi, Olgunluk, Çeşit seçimi, Verim, Kalite

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