The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers

Year 2018, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 34 - 39, 25.12.2018

İlkay Yalçınkaya Aydoğan , Ebru Yıldırım , Ruhi Kabakçı , Tugçe Sümer

Abstract

The aim of
this study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride toxication on the contraction
and histopathological changes of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of broiler
chicken. A total of 80 Ross 308 one-day-old male chicks assigned to 2 treatment
groups with 4 replicates of 10 birds per replicated. 1st group was control
group and the second group was a fluoride toxicated group, which was given 800
mg / kg flouride with the diet. Between 42 and 49 days of the study, randomly 3
chickens were chosen from each replicate group. Therefore totally 24 chickens
were used to determine the contractile activity and examine the
histopathological changes in the intestine. The broilers were decapitated and
the duodenum, jejunum and ileum preparations were isolated, and mounted under 1
g of basal tension at isolated organ bath. The acetylcholine contractions were
examined. There were no significant difference in the contraction of jejunum
and ileum preparations, but the duodenum contractions were significantly
decreased in fluoride given group as compared to control group, and in fluoride
given group 7 of 13 duodenal samples showed no response to ACh.
Microscopically; duodenal villus height / villus width ratio was 3.88 in
fluoride group, while 6.84 in the control group. This significant ratio
difference showed that fluoride could have a toxic effect caused by the villi
thickness with severe mononuclear cell infiltration, hyperplasia of the
lymphoid follicles and mild haemorrhagia in lamina propria. However there were
no histopathological changes in jejunum and ileum between fluoride and control
groups. These histopathological results were supported by the pharmacological
findings. It is concluded that fluoride toxication affected the duodenal
contractions and caused histopathological changes on the normal villus
structure of duodenum in the broiler chicken.

Keywords

Fluoride toxication, small intestine, acetylcholine, histopathological change

Broylerlerde Florür Toksikasyonunun Duodenum, Jejunum ve Ileum üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, broylerlerde duodenum, jejunum, ileumun
kasılmaları ve histopatolojik değişiklikleri üzerine flor toksisitesinin
etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmada kontrol ve deney grubu olmak üzere 1
günlük, 80 adet erkek Ross 308 erkek civciv kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grupları,  canlı ağırlıkları eşit ve her birinde 10 adet
hayvan olacak şekilde 4 tekrarlı 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. İlk grup kontrol grubu,
ikinci grup ise rasyonlarına 800 mg/kg dozda flor katılarak toksikasyon
oluşturulan fluoride verilen gruptur. 
Çalışmanın 42 ile 49. günleri arası her bir tekrar grubundan rastgele 3
adet tavuk seçilmiştir. Sonuç olarak deneyde toplam 24 adet broyler, bağırsak
kasılma aktivitesini ve histopatolojik değişiklikleri belirlemek için dekapite
edilmiştir. Ardından duodenum, jejunum, ileum dokuları izole edilip, izole
organ banyosunda 1 g ön gerim ile asılarak, asetilkolin (Ach) kasılmaları incelenmiştir.
Jejunum ve ileum preparasyonlarının kasılmasında anlamlı bir fark
bulunmamıştır. Ancak kontrol grubuna göre duodenum kontraksiyonları flor
verilen grupta anlamlı olarak azalmıştır ve flor verilen grupta 13 duodenal
örneğinden 7'si ACh'ye yanıt göstermemiştir. 
Mikroskobik incelemede; duodenal villus yüksekliği / villus genişlik
oranı flor grubunda 3.88 iken kontrol grubunda bu oran 6.84 dir. Bu anlamlı
oran farkı, florid toksik etkisinin, ciddi mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonu ile
villi kalınlaşmasına, lenfoid foliküllerin hiperplazisi ve lamina propriada
hafif hemorajiye neden olabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak, flor ve kontrol
grupları arasında jejunum ve ileumda histopatolojik değişiklik olmamıştır. Bu
histopatolojik sonuçlar farmakolojik bulguları desteklemektedir. Florür
toksisitesinin broylerlerde duodenal kasılmaları etkilediği ve duodenumun
normal villus yapısında histopatolojik değişikliklere neden olduğu sonucuna
varılmıştır. 

Keywords

Flor toksikasyonu, ince bağırsak, asetilkolin

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