A Statistical Study on Chromosome Abnormalities

Year 2022, Issue: 16, 1 - 9, 30.06.2022

Canan Özdemir , Ali Özdemir

Abstract

Chromosome aberrations have been used as a measure of reproductive success in plants for many years and have been correlated with morphological and taxonomical changes, fertility-sterility relationships, mutations, and other characteristics. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plant
chromosomes are sensitive indicators to environmental pollutants. In this paper asetic acid organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH have been used to illustrate the potential of plant systems as monitors of chromosome aberrations. The many extensively used chemicals are known to induce a wide range of chromosome aberrations. Acetic acid is the second simplest carboxylic acid (after formic acid). It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical, used primarily in the production of cellulose acetate for photographic film, polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, and synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households, diluted acetic acid is often used in descaling agents. In the food industry, acetic acid is controlled by the food additive code E260 as an acidity regulator and as a condiment. In biochemistry, the acetyl group, derived from acetic acid, is fundamental to all forms of life.
In this study, the effect of acetic acid, which has entered our lives with different uses, on onion (Allium cepa L.) chromosomes was investigated. In order to obtain root tips, the bulbs of the plant were kept in 5, 25 and 70% solutions of acetic acid prepared with distilled water for 2 and 12 hours. In the chromosomes examined at the root tips obtained as a result of acetic acid treatment; Abnormalities such as bridge formation, adhesion, irregular distribution, fishbone and fan, ring chromosome were observed. The results were evaluated numerically and statistical analyzes were made.

Keywords

Abnormalities, acid, chromosome, plant, statistical

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