Immunohistochemical and Zymographic Analyses of Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in Bovine Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis

Year 2019, , 83 - 87, 18.12.2019

Ahmet Akkoç

https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.616167

Abstract

Bovine
digital dermatitis (BDD) is an important health issue of dairy cattle. Painful papillomatous tissue
proliferations are observed in hind feet of affected animals. The pathogenesis
of this papillomatous lesion in BDD is still poorly understood. Matrix
metalloproteinases are a group of enzymes for tissue remodeling in both health
and disease. In the submitted study, immune expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9
enzymes and their zymographic activities were evaluated. Higher immune staining
of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were found in BDD samples when compared with healthy skin
samples. The differences observed in MMP-2 and MMP-9 staining intensity and
distributions were statistically significant (p< 0.05, p<0.05 respectively).
Zymographic analyses revealed skin samples from both healthy and affected
animals had pro-active and active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzymes.
Immunohistochemistry results indicate that significant increase in MMP-2 and
MMP-9 enzymes in BDD samples. These results suggest MMP-2 and MMP-9 might have
roles in the pathogenesis of BDD.

Keywords

Bovine digital dermatitis, Matrix metalloproteinases, Immunohistochemistry, Zymography

References

• Berry SL. Diseases of the digital soft tissues. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2001; 17:129–142.
• Blowey RW, Sharp MW. Digital dermatitis in dairy cattle. Vet Rec. 1988; 21;122(21):505-508.
• Döpfer D, Koopmans A, Meijer FA et al. Histological and bacteriological evaluation of digital dermatitis in cattle, with special reference to spirochaetes and Campylobacter faecalis. Vet Rec. 1997; 140:620–623.
• Nagase H, Woessner JF. Matrix metalloproteinases. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274:21491–21494.
• D'Armiento J, DiColandrea T, Dalal SS et al. Collagenase expression in transgenic mouse skin causes hyperkeratosis and acanthosis and increases susceptibility to tumorigenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1995;15(10):5732-5739.
• Akgül B, Pfefferle R, Marcuzzi GP et al. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, and MT1-MMP in skin tumors of human papillomavirus type 8 transgenic mice. Exp Dermatol. 2006;15(1):35-42.
• Impola U, Toriseva M, Suomela S et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-19 is expressed by proliferating epithelium but disappears with neoplastic dedifferentiation. Int J Cancer. 2003;103(6):709-716.
• Page-McCaw A, Ewald AJ, Werb Z. Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007;8(3):221-33.
• Evans NJ, Brown JM, Scholey R et al. Differential inflammatory responses of bovine foot skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes to digital dermatitis treponemes. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014;161(1-2):12-20.
• Scholey RA, Evans NJ, Blowey RW et al. Identifying host pathogenic pathways in bovine digital dermatitis. Vet. J. 2013; 197, 699–706.
• Akkoc A, Kahraman MM, Mutlu AM. Hypoxia enhances secretion of matrix metalloproteinases in bovine dermal fibroblasts: an in vitro approach to bovine digital dermatitis. J App Anim Res. 2018;46: 445-450.
• Hirayama K, Yokota H, Onai R et al. Detection of matrix metalloproteinases in canine mammary tumours: analysis by immunohistochemistry and zymography. J. Comp. Pathol. 2002;127: 249–256.
• Akkoc A, Kahraman MM, Vatansever A et al. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in bovine dermal fibroblasts. Pak Vet J. 2016; 36:189–193.