Prevalence of Nosema ceranae in North and South Regions of Azerbaijan

Year 2022, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 67 - 69, 31.12.2022

Ahmet Onur Girişgin , Rafiga Gazi , Barat Ahmedov , Armağan Erdem Ütük , Levent Aydın

https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1121263

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Nosemosis is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases of honeybees in Azerbaijan and the World. Nosema ceranae is the dominant species detected in Azerbaijan, and this study aimed to detect the prevalence of the infection in the country. For this purpose, an average of 100 honeybee samples were collected from 64 hives, 24 from three regions in the north and 40 from five areas in the south. In the lab, the abdomens of 50 bees from each group were dissected and crushed in a container, adding 50 ml of distilled water. According to obtained data after microscopic examination, the N. ceranae spores were found to have a high-level prevalence in northern regions (45.8% average) than in the southern areas (22.5% average) of Azerbaijan. Molecular diagnoses of Nosema-positive samples have already been made with PCR and N. ceranae has been detected from all regions. Data show us that the Nosemosis is common in Azerbaijan and is a significant thread in the beekeeping industry.

Keywords

Nosema ceranae, prevalence, honey bee, Azerbaijan

References

• 1. Anonymous. Azerbaijan Food Balances-2019. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Reports, FAOSTAT. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS. Accessed April 21, 2022.
• 2. Aydın L, Gülegen E, Cakmak I, et al. Relation between nosema and chalkbrood diseases, and its implication for an apiary management model. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2006; 50: 471-475.
• 3. Fries I. Nosema ceranae in European honeybees (Apis mellifera). J Inverteb Pathol. 2010; 103: 73–79.
• 4. Forsgren E, Fries I. Comparative virulence of Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis in individual European honey bees. Vet Parasitol. 2010; 170: 212-217.
• 5. Higes M, Martin-Hernandez R, Garrido-Bailon E, et al. Detection of infective Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) spores in corbicular pollen of forager honeybees. J Inverteb Pathol 2008; 97: 76-78.
• 6. Higes M, Martín-Hernández R, Garrido-Bailón E, et al. The presence of Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) in African Honey bees (Apis mellifera intermissa). J Apic Res. 2009; 48: 217–219.
• 7. Huseynov H, Rustamli Y. In the condition of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic the dependence of infection rate of honey bees with Nosema parasite on the strength of colony and the season of the year. III. Nakhchivan International Beekeeping Conference, 2017, Congress book p. 11-15.
• 8. Huseynov HT. Bio-ecological characteristics of Nosema parasite (Nosema apis Z.) in honey bees of Nakhchivan AR, curative and prophylactic actions for it: biology candidate of sciences. Dissertation synopsis of thesis: 03.00.19; The Zoology Institute of ANAS - Baku, Azerbaijan. 2006. - 20 p.
• 9. Gurgulova K, Valchovski R, Petrov P, et al. Distribution of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae in Bulgaria. Diagnostic in honey bees. From sampling to data analyses. Beedoc-Cost Action. 2010; Ghent University, Belgium.
• 10. Klee J, Besana AM, Genersch E, et al. Widespread dispersal of the microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an emergent pathogen of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. J Inverteb Pathol. 2007; 96: 1–10.
• 11. Martín-Hernández R, Meana A, Prieto L, et al. Outcome of colonization of Apis mellifera by Nosema ceranae. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007; 73: 6331–6338.
• 12. Mohammadian B, Bokaie S, Moharrami M, et al. Distribution of Nosema spp. in climatic regions of Iran. Vet Res Forum. 2018; 9(3): 259 – 263.
• 13. Neumann P, Carreck NL. Honey bee colony losses. J Apic Res. 2010; 49(1): 1-6.
• 14. Paxton R, Klee J, Korpela S, et al. Nosema ceranae has infected Apis mellifera in Europe since at least 1998 and maybe more virulent than Nosema apis. Apidologie. 2007; 38: 558–565.
• 15. Razmaraii N, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Babaei H, et al. Molecular identification of Nosema species in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Arch Razi Inst. 2013; 68(1): 23–27.
• 16. Tahirov A, Huseynov H. Nahcivan Özerk Cumhuriyetinde erken ilkbaharda arı kolonilerinin Nosema apis ile enfeksiyon derecesine göre gelişme durumları. In: Proceedings of 17th National Parasitology Congress and Caucasian and Middle East Symposium on Parasitic Diseases, Kars, Turkey, 4–10 September 2011, p. 319.
• 17. Ütük AE, Aliyeva R, Girisgin AO, et al. First molecular detection of Nosema ceranae in Azerbaijan. J Apic Res. 2019; 58(4): 559-561.
• 18. Shimunaki H, Knox DA. Laboratory diagnosis of honey bee diseases. US Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 1990.
• 19. Alaux C, Folschweiller, McDonnell M, et al. Pathological effects of the microsporidium Nosema ceranae on honey bee queen physiology (Apis mellifera). J Inverteb Pathol. 2011; 106: 380-385.