Abstract
Eski Uygurcada önemli bir yere sahip olan Tantrik Budizm büyü, cinsellik, yoga gibi ezoterik bir yapıya sahiptir ve çeşitli ritüelleri içerir. Bu ritüeller kişinin yeniden doğuşunu engellerken ritüellerin asıl amacı kişiyi arındırmak ve ilahi bedene ulaşmasını sağlamaktır. Bunun için bedendeki delikler olan dokuz kapıyı/deliği temizlemek gerekir. Bu dokuz delik düşüncesi Bhagavadgītā’da sürdürülür ve dokuz delik iki göz, iki kulak, iki burun deliği, ağız ve erkekteki iki boşaltım organı (idrar sistemi ve anüs) olarak sıralanır. Ayrıca Kaṭha Upaniṣad metinlerinde bu dokuz deliğe ek olarak göbek ve kafatasının üst kısmındaki açıklıktan bahsedilir ve böylece on bir kapılı şehirden bahsedilir. Bir insanın yeniden doğması için, cehennem, hayvan, insan, tanrı hayat şekillerinden birinde, seçtiği deliklere göre doğması gerekir. Bu, bir âlemden diğerine geçişi gösterir ki bu da günümüzde astrofizik alanında tartışılan kara delikler, solucan delikleri ve paralel evrenleri akla getirir. Bütün bunlara ek olarak, insanın mikro kozmoloji olarak kabul edilmesinden dolayı, bedendeki delikler makro kozmoloji ile özdeşleştirilebilir.
Bu çalışma, insan vücudundaki delikleri ve bu deliklerin gezegenlerle olan bağlantılarını inceleyecek ve bu delikler kara delikler, solucan delikleri ve paralel evrenler fikriyle ilişkilendirerek analiz edecektir.
Keywords
Eski Uygurca vücut delikleri gezegenler kara delikler solucan delikleri ve paralel evrenler
Supporting Institution
TÜBA-GEBİP Projesi kapsamında desteklenmektedir.
Thanks
TÜBA-GEBİP Projesi kapsamında desteklenmektedir.
References
- Behari, B. (1991). Fundamentals of Vedic Astrology: Vedic Astrologer’s Handbook I. Twin Lakes, Wl: Lotus Press.
- Bleckt, R. (2011). How to Make a Deal with the Universe or the planets’ influence on our fate and health. M.: Publishing house LLC “Blagodarenie”.
- Dachille, R.E. (20159. The Body Maṇḍala Debate: Knowing the Body through a Network of Fifteenth-Century Tibetan Buddhist Texts. California: Doctor of Philosophy in Buddhist Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California.
- Dang, S.T.H. (2020). Buddha Yoga: Practical Results by Most Venerable. New Delhi: Diamond Pocket Books.
- Eliade, M. (2017). İmgeler ve Simgeler. (Trans. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay). Ankara: Doğu Batı Publications.
- Eliade, M. (20189. Şamanizm: İlkel Esrime Teknikleri. (Trans. İsmet Birkan). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
- Elmali, M. (2016). Daśakarmapathāvadānamālā: Giriş-Metin-Çeviri-Notlar-Dizin-Tıpkıbaskı. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Gray, D.B. (2007). The Cakrasamvara Tantra (The Discourse of Sri Heruka) (Sriherukabhidhana), A Study and Annotated Translation. New York: Columbia University’s Center for Buddhist Studies and Tibet House US.
- Gulcali, Z. (20139. Eski Uygurca Altun Yaruk Sudur’dan “Aç Bars” Hikâyesi, (Metin-Çeviri-Açıklamalar-Dizin). Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Gyatso, G.K. (1997). Essence of Vajrayana: The Highest Yoga Tantra practice of Heruka body Maṇḍala. London: Tharpa Publications.
- Hawking, S. (20199. Zamanın Kısa Tarihi. (Trans. Mehmet Ata Arslan). İstanbul: Alfa Bilim.
- Heo, J. 許浚 (1994). Dong’ui’bo’gam 東醫寶鑑 vol. 1. Seoul: Yeokang Chu’lpansa.
- Kaku, M. (2019). Paralel Dünyalar: Yaratılış, Yüksek Boyutlar ve Kozmosun Geleceğine Yolculuk/ Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos. Ankara: ODTÜ Yayıncılık.
- Kaya, C. (2021). Uygurca Altun Yaruk, Giriş, Metin ve Dizin. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Kritzer, R. (2009). ‘Life in the Womb: Conception and Gestation in Buddhist Scripture and Classical Indian Medical Literature.’ Imagining the Fetus: The Unborn in Myth, Religion, and Culture. (Edited by Jane Marie Law and Vanessa R. Sasson), Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
- Rao, P.V.R.N. (20049. Vedic Astrology, An Integrated Approach. New Delhi: Sag Ar Publications.
- Sadakata, A. (19979. Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins. Tokyo: Kosei Publishing Co.
- Sagan, C. (1975). The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective. New York: Dell Publishing Co.
- Sharf, R.H. (1992). “The Idolization of Enlightenment: On the Mummification of Ch'an Masters in Medieval China.” History of Religions, Vol. 32, 1, 1-31.
- Shin, D. (2009). “Korean Anatomical Charts in the Context of the East Asian Medical Tradition.” translated by Yuseok Kim, Asian Medicine 5, 186–207.
- Soothill, W.E. and L. Hodous (1937). A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms with Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit–Pali Index. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.
- Snodgrass, A. (1985). The Symbolism of the Stopa. New York: Southeast Asia Program 120 Uris Hail Cornell University, Ithaca.
- Tekin, Ş. (2019). Uygurca Metinler II, Maytrısimit, Burkancıların Mehdisi ile buluşma Uygurca İbtidai bir dram. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Tokyürek, H. (2021). Eski Uygur Türkçesinde Tanrısal İnsan Anatomisi ve Fizyolojisi. Kayseri: Kimlik Yayınları.
- Tsuda, S. (1970). The Saṁvarodaya-tantra. The degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Australian National University.
- Wayman, A. (2009). The Buddhist Tantras: Light on Indo-Tibetan Esotericism. London and Newyork: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
- Wilkens, J. (2016). Buddhistische Erzählungen aus dem alten Zentralasien Edition der altuigurischen Daśakarmapathāvadānamālā (3 volume). Turnhout (Belgium): Brepols Publishers.
- Wilson, L. (1996). Charming Cadaves: Horrific Figurations of the Feminine in Indian Buddhist Hagiographic Literature. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
- Wise, T.A. (1845). Commentary on the Hindu System of Medicine. Calcutta, London: Thacker.
- Zieme, P. and G. Kara (1978). Ein uigurisches Totenbuch, Nāropas lehre in uigrischer übersetzung, Budapest: Akademiai Kiado.
Abstract
Tantric Buddhism, which is one of the important fields of study of the Old Uyghur, has an esoteric structure such as magic, sexuality, and yoga and includes various rituals. While these rituals prevent the rebirth of the person, the main goal of the rituals is to purify the person and to allow him/her to reach the divine body. For this, it is necessary to clean the nine doors/orifices called orifices that exist in the body. This tradition of nine orifices is continued in the Bhagavadgītā, and the nine cavities are listed as two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, the mouth, and the two excretory organs in the male (urinary system and anus). Besides, in Kaṭha Upaniṣad texts, in addition to these nine orifices, the opening at the navel and top of the skull and the city with eleven gates are referred to. If a person is to be reborn, s/he has to be born in one of the life forms such as hell, animal, human, or god, according to the orifices s/he as chosen. This indicates the transition from one realm to another, which brings to mind black holes, wormholes, and parallel universes discussed today in the field of astrophysics. In addition to all these, due to the acceptance of humans as micro cosmologists, his/her orifices are identified with macro cosmology.
This study will investigate the orifices in the human body and their connections with the planets, as well as analyze these spaces in relation with the idea of black holes, wormholes, and parallel universes.
References
- Behari, B. (1991). Fundamentals of Vedic Astrology: Vedic Astrologer’s Handbook I. Twin Lakes, Wl: Lotus Press.
- Bleckt, R. (2011). How to Make a Deal with the Universe or the planets’ influence on our fate and health. M.: Publishing house LLC “Blagodarenie”.
- Dachille, R.E. (20159. The Body Maṇḍala Debate: Knowing the Body through a Network of Fifteenth-Century Tibetan Buddhist Texts. California: Doctor of Philosophy in Buddhist Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California.
- Dang, S.T.H. (2020). Buddha Yoga: Practical Results by Most Venerable. New Delhi: Diamond Pocket Books.
- Eliade, M. (2017). İmgeler ve Simgeler. (Trans. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay). Ankara: Doğu Batı Publications.
- Eliade, M. (20189. Şamanizm: İlkel Esrime Teknikleri. (Trans. İsmet Birkan). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
- Elmali, M. (2016). Daśakarmapathāvadānamālā: Giriş-Metin-Çeviri-Notlar-Dizin-Tıpkıbaskı. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Gray, D.B. (2007). The Cakrasamvara Tantra (The Discourse of Sri Heruka) (Sriherukabhidhana), A Study and Annotated Translation. New York: Columbia University’s Center for Buddhist Studies and Tibet House US.
- Gulcali, Z. (20139. Eski Uygurca Altun Yaruk Sudur’dan “Aç Bars” Hikâyesi, (Metin-Çeviri-Açıklamalar-Dizin). Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Gyatso, G.K. (1997). Essence of Vajrayana: The Highest Yoga Tantra practice of Heruka body Maṇḍala. London: Tharpa Publications.
- Hawking, S. (20199. Zamanın Kısa Tarihi. (Trans. Mehmet Ata Arslan). İstanbul: Alfa Bilim.
- Heo, J. 許浚 (1994). Dong’ui’bo’gam 東醫寶鑑 vol. 1. Seoul: Yeokang Chu’lpansa.
- Kaku, M. (2019). Paralel Dünyalar: Yaratılış, Yüksek Boyutlar ve Kozmosun Geleceğine Yolculuk/ Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos. Ankara: ODTÜ Yayıncılık.
- Kaya, C. (2021). Uygurca Altun Yaruk, Giriş, Metin ve Dizin. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Kritzer, R. (2009). ‘Life in the Womb: Conception and Gestation in Buddhist Scripture and Classical Indian Medical Literature.’ Imagining the Fetus: The Unborn in Myth, Religion, and Culture. (Edited by Jane Marie Law and Vanessa R. Sasson), Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
- Rao, P.V.R.N. (20049. Vedic Astrology, An Integrated Approach. New Delhi: Sag Ar Publications.
- Sadakata, A. (19979. Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins. Tokyo: Kosei Publishing Co.
- Sagan, C. (1975). The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective. New York: Dell Publishing Co.
- Sharf, R.H. (1992). “The Idolization of Enlightenment: On the Mummification of Ch'an Masters in Medieval China.” History of Religions, Vol. 32, 1, 1-31.
- Shin, D. (2009). “Korean Anatomical Charts in the Context of the East Asian Medical Tradition.” translated by Yuseok Kim, Asian Medicine 5, 186–207.
- Soothill, W.E. and L. Hodous (1937). A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms with Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit–Pali Index. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.
- Snodgrass, A. (1985). The Symbolism of the Stopa. New York: Southeast Asia Program 120 Uris Hail Cornell University, Ithaca.
- Tekin, Ş. (2019). Uygurca Metinler II, Maytrısimit, Burkancıların Mehdisi ile buluşma Uygurca İbtidai bir dram. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
- Tokyürek, H. (2021). Eski Uygur Türkçesinde Tanrısal İnsan Anatomisi ve Fizyolojisi. Kayseri: Kimlik Yayınları.
- Tsuda, S. (1970). The Saṁvarodaya-tantra. The degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Australian National University.
- Wayman, A. (2009). The Buddhist Tantras: Light on Indo-Tibetan Esotericism. London and Newyork: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
- Wilkens, J. (2016). Buddhistische Erzählungen aus dem alten Zentralasien Edition der altuigurischen Daśakarmapathāvadānamālā (3 volume). Turnhout (Belgium): Brepols Publishers.
- Wilson, L. (1996). Charming Cadaves: Horrific Figurations of the Feminine in Indian Buddhist Hagiographic Literature. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
- Wise, T.A. (1845). Commentary on the Hindu System of Medicine. Calcutta, London: Thacker.
- Zieme, P. and G. Kara (1978). Ein uigurisches Totenbuch, Nāropas lehre in uigrischer übersetzung, Budapest: Akademiai Kiado.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Religious Studies |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2022 |
| Submission Date | July 7, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Issue: 10 |
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