Tepecik-Çiftlik Topluluğunun Neolitik Dönem Tabakaları Arasında Beslenme Değişimleri

Year 2017, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 594 - 610, 31.07.2017

Kameray Özdemir , Ali Akın Akyol Ali Metin Büyükkarakaya

https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.312067

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Organizma için önemli bir mineral kaynağı olan kemiğin
yapısında yer alan elementlerin derişimi beslenmeden etkilenebildiğinden, kemik
diyet gibi geçmiş insan yaşam biçimlerini izlemek için yararlı bir biyolojik
arşiv görevi görür. Orta Anadolu
Bölgesinde yer alan Tepecik-Çiftliğin C14 tarihlemesine göre yaklaşık 6800-6100
yılları arasına tarihlenen üç farklı Neolitik Tabakasından (Seviye 5, 4 ve 3)
elde edilen kemiklerin element (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu ve Pb) içeriği
X-ışını fluoresans (XRF) spektrometrisi yardımıyla incelenmiştir.  Kemiklerin element içeriği mangan ve kurşun
başta olmak üzere gömü sonrası değişime işaret etmektedir. Elementlerin kalsiyum
ile (element/kalsiyum oranı) bivaret analizi yetişkin ile yetişkin yaş altı,
kadın ile erkek bireyler ve tabakalar arasında farklılıklar olduğunu
göstermiştir. Çok değişkenli analizler (PCA ve DA) alt katmanlarda et
tüketiminden ve zengin ekonomiden üst tabakada daha fazla bitki (örneğin tahıl)
tüketimine ve fakir ekonomiye geçiş olduğunu göstermektedir. Çok değişkenli
incelemelerden elde edilen sonuçlar, kazıları gerçekleştiren arkeologların ve
antropologların bulguları ile uyumludur.

Keywords

eser element, ağır metal, Neolitik topluluklar, peleodiyet, eski kemik, Orta Anadolu

Dietary Changes across the Neolithic Levels of the Tepecik-Çiftlik Population

Abstract

As
an important mineral source for the entire organism, bone serves as a useful
bioarchive for monitoring past human lifeways like diet, since the
concentration of the elements in its structure is influenced by the individual
diet. Bones from three different Neolithic Levels (Level 5, 4, and 3) dated to
6800 and 6100 cal. BC according to the C14 found in Tepecik–Çiftlik, Central
Anatolia, were elementally (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu, and Pb) investigated by
the help of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. The element content of bones
refers to post-mortem alteration (diagenesis), especially for manganese and
lead. Bivariate treatment of the element with calcium (element/calcium ratio) seems
to demonstrate some differences between adult and subadult, male and female,
and among levels. Multivariate analysis (PCA and DA) suggest a shift from meat
consumption and rich economy in the lower levels to more vegetable (cereal)
consumption and poor economy in the upper level. The results obtained from
multivariate treatments are in agreement with the findings of archaeologists
and anthropologists who conducted the excavations. 

Keywords

: trace elements, heavy metals, Neolithic populations, paleodiet, ancient bone

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