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The Terracotta Unguentaria from Kurul Fortress

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 606 - 628, 01.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.694489

Abstract

In Kurul Fortress located within the borders of Bayadı Mahallesi in Altınordu district in Ordu, a large number of unguentaria have been found in the sectors of Inner Fortress and North Terrace during the excavations conducted between 2010 and 2019. These unguentaria constituting the subject of the study consist of 23 well preserved samples and 33 rim-neck, body and base profiles/fragments including 2 miniature forms. In this study only 26 of them which can be presented with colorful examples and drawings are included. These unguentaria totally consist of fusiform samples and are classified by their clay, slip and surface features. All samples are dated to a quite short time period from the end of the 2nd century BC to the second half of the 1st century BC. These dates which is limited to the period of Mithradates VI, is also supported with other archaeological findings from Kurul Fortress.

References

  • Akçay, T. (2013). Olba’da Şeytanderesi Vadisi’ndeki kaya kült alanında bulunan unguentarie. Seleucia, III, 9-29.
  • Akkaya, M. (1993). Amisos antik kenti kurtarma kazısı. 3. Müze kurtarma kazıları semineri, 27-30 Nisan 1992, 207-218. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Alcock, J. (1980). Classical religious belief and burial practice in Roman Britain. Archaeological Journal, 137, 50-85.
  • Anderson-Stojanović, V. R. (1987). The chronology and function of ceramic unguentaria. American Journal of Archaeology, 91, 105-122.
  • Anderson-Stojanović, V. R. (1992). Stobi: The Hellenistic and Roman pottery. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Aström, P. (1967). Two unguentaria and an obol. Opuscula Atheniensia, 7, 187-190.
  • Baldıran, A. (2015). Stratonikeia’dan rulet bezemeli unguentariumlar. C. Şimşek, B. Duman, E. Konakçı (Eds.), Mustafa Büyükkolancı’ya armağan, 71-83. İstanbul: Ege Yayınları.
  • Barag, D. (1972). Two Roman glass bottles with remnants of oil. Israel Exploration Journal, 22, 24-26.
  • Belov, G. D., Strzeleckji, S. F. & Jakobson, A. L. (1953). Kvartal 18: Raskopki 1941, 1947 i 1948 gg. Materialy i issledovanija po archeologii (Materials and research on archaeology), 34, 160-236.
  • Bouzek, J. (1990). Studies of Greek pottery in the Black Sea area. Prague: Charles University.
  • Brun, J. P. (2000). The production of perfumes in antiquity: The cases of Delos and Paestum. American Journal of Archaeology, 104 (2), 277-308.
  • Buzoianu, L. & Bărbulescu, M. (2008). Albeşti. Monografie arheologică I, Muzeul de Istorie Nationala şi Arheologie, Constanţa.
  • Chidiroglou, M. (2015). Krüge, einhenklige schalen, siebflaschen, olpen und unguentarien. A. Bignasca, M. Lagogianni-Georgakarakos, N. Kaltsas & E. Vlachogianni (Eds.), Der versunkene schatz das schiffswrack von Antikythera, 198-205. Basel.
  • Christensen, A. P. & Johansen, Ch. F. (1971). Fouilles et recherches de la Fondation Carlsberg 1931-1938, Hama III (2). Les poteries hellénistiques et les terres sigillées orientales. Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet.
  • Civelek, A. (2006). Stratonikeia-Akdağ Nekropolisi'nden bir mezar. Anadolu/Anatolia, 30, 47-64.
  • Dusenbery, E. B. (1998). Samothrace, the necropolis and catalogues of burials and catalog of objects by categories. Samothrace 2. Princeton.
  • Dündar, E. (2008). Patara unguentariumları. Patara IV (1). İstanbul: Ege Yayınları.
  • Erol, A. F. (2014). Ordu ili Fatsa ilçesi Cıngırt Kayası kazısı 2013. KST, 36 (1), 383-400.
  • Erol, A. F. (2015). New findings on the history and archaeology of the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey: The excavation of Cıngırt Kayası. In G. R. Tsetskhladze, A. Avram & J. Hargrave (Eds.), The Danubian lands between the Black, Aegean and Adriatic Seas (7th century BC - 10th century AD), 453-461. Oxford: Archaeopress Archaeology.
  • Erol, A. F. ve Tamer, D. (2018a). The Place of Cıngırt Kayası in the Pontic Region during the reign of Mithridates VI. In P. Pavúk, V. Klontza-Jaklová & A. Harding (Eds.), ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, Studies in honour of Jan Bouzek, Vol. 18, 541-558. Opera Facultatis Philosophicae, Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis.
  • Erol, A. F. ve Tamer, D. (2018a). Fatsa/Cıngırt Kayası 2012-2014 sezonu kazılarından ele geçen unguentariumlar. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 267-292. Greenewalt, C. H. Jr., Sullivan, D. G., Ratte, C. J. & Howe, T. N. (1983). Sardis 1981 and 1982. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi, 26 (2), 155-215.
  • Guz-Zilberstein, B. (1995). The typology of the Hellenistic coarse ware and selected loci of the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In A. Belfer-Cohen, A. Ben-Tor & Y. Tsafrir (Eds.), Excavations at Dor, final report volume I B, areas A and C: The finds. Qedem Reports, 2, 289-433. Jarusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
  • Günay, G. (1989). İzmir Müzesi’nde bulunan unguentariumlar. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Gürler, B. (1994). Metropolis’in Hellenistik Dönem seramiği. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Handberg, S. & Petersen, J. H. (2010). Glossed Pottery. In N. A. Lejpunskaja, P. Guldager-Bilde, J. M. Højte, V. V. Krapivina & S. D. Kryžickij (Eds.), The lower city of Olbia (Sector NGS) in the 6th century BC to the 4th century AD. Black Sea Studies, 13, 185-260. Aarhus University Press.
  • Hayes, J. W. (1997). Handbook of Mediterranean Roman pottery. London: British Museum Press.
  • Hellström, P. (1965). Pottery of classical and later date, Terracotta lamps and glass. Labraunda: Swedish Excavations and Research II (1). Lund.
  • Hermary, A., Panayotova, K., Baralis, A., Riapov, A. & Damyanov, M. (2010). Apollonia du Pont (Sozopol), La nécropole de Kalfata (Ve-IIIe s. av. J.-C.), Errance. Paris.
  • Indgjerd, H. (2014). The grave goods of Roman Hierapolis: An analysis of the finds from four multiple burial tombs. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. University of Oslo.
  • Ivanov, T. (1963). Antična keramika ot nekropola na Apolonia. In I. Venedikov (Ed.), Apolonija. Razkopkite na Nekropola na Apolonija Prez 1947 1949 g, 65 273. Sofia. Ivchenko, A. (2015). Ground burial Crypt with Parian amfora at Olbian necropolis. Ancient World and Archaeology, 17, 253-271.
  • Kahane, P. (1952). Pottery types from the Jewish Ossuary-Tombs around Jerusalem: An archaeological contribution on the problem of the Hellenization of Jewry in the Herodian Period. Israel Exploration Journal, 2, 125-139.
  • Kaposina, S. M. (1959). Necropol' v Rajone Poselka im. Vojkova bliz Kerci. Materialy i issledovanija po archeologii (Materials and research on archaeology), 69, 108-153.
  • Karjaka, A. V. (2010). G Greyware Pottery. In N. A. Lejpunskaja, P. Guldager-Bilde, J. M. Højte, V. V. Krapivina & S. D. Kryžickij (Eds.), The lower city of Olbia (Sector NGS) in the 6th Century BC to the 4th Century AD. Black Sea Studies, 13, 289-304. Aarhus University Press.
  • Kasaev, S. (2002). Commonware. In L. Hannestad, V. F. Stolba & A. N. Sceglov (Eds.), Ponskoye I, 150-179. Aarhus University Press.
  • Khairy, N. I. (1980). Nabatean piriform unguentaria. The Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 240, 85-91.
  • Kotitsa, Z. (1998). Hellenistische keramik im Martin Von Wagner Mudeum der Universitat Würzburg. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag.
  • Kurtz, D. C. & Boardman, J. (1971). Greek burial customs. Ithaca - New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Lomtadze, G. & Zhuravlev, D. (2014). Hellenistic pottery from the necropolis of Olbia Pontike. In P. Guldager-Bilde & M. Lawall (Eds.), Pottery, peoples and places: Study and interpretations of late Hellenistic pottery. Black Sea Studies, 16, 175-19. Aarhus University Press.
  • Mordvinceva, V. (2005). The royal grave from the time of Mithridates Eupator in the Crimea. In V. F. Stolba & L. Hannestad (Eds.), Chronologies of the Black Sea area in the period c. 400-100 BC. Black Sea Studies, 3, 275-285. Aarhus University Press.
  • Nielsen, T. H. (2002). Phrourion. A note on the term in classical sources and in Diodorus Sicilus. In T. H. Nielsen (Ed.), Even more studies in the ancient Greek polis, 49-64. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
  • Nohlen, K. & Radt, W. (1978). Kapıkaya. Ein felsheiligtum bei Pergamon. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Parovich-Peshikan, M. (1974). Nekropol Olvii ellenisticeskogo vremini. Kiev.
  • Robinson, H. S. (1959). Pottery of the Roman period chronology. The Athenian Agora V/1. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Rotroff, S. I. (1997). Hellenistic pottery: Athenian and imported wheelmade table ware and related material. The Athenian Agora XXIX. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Rotroff, S. I. (2006). Hellenistic pottery: The plain wares. The Athenian Agora XXXIII. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Saraçoğlu, A. ve Çekilmez, M. (2011). Tralleis batı Nekropolis ve konut alanı Hellenistik Dönem seramiği: 2006-2007 buluntuları. Colloquim Anatolicum, X, 219-249.
  • Smetana-Scherrer, R. (1982). Spätklassische und Hellenistische keramik. In H. Walter (Ed.), Alt-Ägina 2 (1), 56-91. Mainz.
  • Sparkes, B. A. & Talcott, L. (1970). Front Matter. The Athenian Agora XII: Black and plain pottery, Part I. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Stern, E. M. (2001). Roman, Byzantine and early Medieval glass 10 BCE - 700 CE. Ernesto Wolf Collection. New York: Hatje Cantz Publishers.
  • Şenyurt, S. Y. ve Akçay, A. (2016). Kurul Kalesi (Ordu) VI. Mithradates dönemi yerleşimi üzerine ön değerlendirmeler. Seleucia, 6, 221-248.
  • Şimşek, C. ve Duman, B. (2007). Laodikeia’da bulunan geç Antik Çağ unguentariumları. Adalya, 10, 285-307.
  • Thompson, H. A. (1934). Two centuries of Hellenistic pottery. Hesperia, 3, 311-476.
  • Tırpan, A. A. ve Söğüt, B. (2001). Lagina Hekate Temenosu 1999 yılı çalışmaları. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 22 (2), 299-310.
  • Ünan, S. (2010). Mezar buluntuları ışığında Samsun Amisos’da Hellenistik Dönem pişmiş toprak kaplarından örnekler. 4. Uluslararası Eskişehir Pişmiş Toprak Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 657-668.
  • Zajcev, J. P. (2005). Absolute and relative chronology of Scythian Neapolis in the 2nd century BC. In V. F. Stolba & L. Hannestad. (Eds.), Chronologies of the Black Sea area in the period c. 400-100 BC. Black Sea Studies, 3, 259-273. Aarhus University Press.
  • Zhuravlev, D., Demidenko, S. V. & Trejster, M. (1997). Kruglij Kurgan: Eine gesamtvorlage des materials aus den grabungen des Barons V.G. von Tiesenhausen. Eurasia Antiqua 3, 409-435.

Kurul Kalesi Pişmiş Toprak Unguentariumları

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 606 - 628, 01.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.694489

Abstract

Ordu ili, Altınordu ilçesine bağlı Bayadı Mahallesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan Kurul Kalesi’nde, 2010-2019 yılları arasında yürütülen kazılarda, İç Kale ve Kuzey Teras sektörlerindeki neredeyse tüm mekânlarda çok sayıda unguentarium ele geçmiştir. Çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan bu unguentariumlar, tüm ve tüme yakın 23 örnek ile 2’si minyatür 33 adet ağız-boyun, gövde ve kaide profilinden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada görsel örnekleri ve çizimleri ile sunulabilen yalnızca 26 unguentarium değerlendirmeye alınmış olup, tamamı iğ formlu olan bu örnekler, kil, astar ve yüzey özelliklerine göre gruplandırılmıştır. Söz konusu unguentariumlar, MÖ 2. yüzyılın sonu ile MÖ 1. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına uzanan oldukça kısa bir zaman aralığına tarihlendirilmektedir. Yalnızca VI. Mithradates Dönemi ile sınırlı olan bu tarihler Kurul Kalesi’nde ele geçen diğer arkeolojik veriler ile de desteklenmektedir.

References

  • Akçay, T. (2013). Olba’da Şeytanderesi Vadisi’ndeki kaya kült alanında bulunan unguentarie. Seleucia, III, 9-29.
  • Akkaya, M. (1993). Amisos antik kenti kurtarma kazısı. 3. Müze kurtarma kazıları semineri, 27-30 Nisan 1992, 207-218. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Alcock, J. (1980). Classical religious belief and burial practice in Roman Britain. Archaeological Journal, 137, 50-85.
  • Anderson-Stojanović, V. R. (1987). The chronology and function of ceramic unguentaria. American Journal of Archaeology, 91, 105-122.
  • Anderson-Stojanović, V. R. (1992). Stobi: The Hellenistic and Roman pottery. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Aström, P. (1967). Two unguentaria and an obol. Opuscula Atheniensia, 7, 187-190.
  • Baldıran, A. (2015). Stratonikeia’dan rulet bezemeli unguentariumlar. C. Şimşek, B. Duman, E. Konakçı (Eds.), Mustafa Büyükkolancı’ya armağan, 71-83. İstanbul: Ege Yayınları.
  • Barag, D. (1972). Two Roman glass bottles with remnants of oil. Israel Exploration Journal, 22, 24-26.
  • Belov, G. D., Strzeleckji, S. F. & Jakobson, A. L. (1953). Kvartal 18: Raskopki 1941, 1947 i 1948 gg. Materialy i issledovanija po archeologii (Materials and research on archaeology), 34, 160-236.
  • Bouzek, J. (1990). Studies of Greek pottery in the Black Sea area. Prague: Charles University.
  • Brun, J. P. (2000). The production of perfumes in antiquity: The cases of Delos and Paestum. American Journal of Archaeology, 104 (2), 277-308.
  • Buzoianu, L. & Bărbulescu, M. (2008). Albeşti. Monografie arheologică I, Muzeul de Istorie Nationala şi Arheologie, Constanţa.
  • Chidiroglou, M. (2015). Krüge, einhenklige schalen, siebflaschen, olpen und unguentarien. A. Bignasca, M. Lagogianni-Georgakarakos, N. Kaltsas & E. Vlachogianni (Eds.), Der versunkene schatz das schiffswrack von Antikythera, 198-205. Basel.
  • Christensen, A. P. & Johansen, Ch. F. (1971). Fouilles et recherches de la Fondation Carlsberg 1931-1938, Hama III (2). Les poteries hellénistiques et les terres sigillées orientales. Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet.
  • Civelek, A. (2006). Stratonikeia-Akdağ Nekropolisi'nden bir mezar. Anadolu/Anatolia, 30, 47-64.
  • Dusenbery, E. B. (1998). Samothrace, the necropolis and catalogues of burials and catalog of objects by categories. Samothrace 2. Princeton.
  • Dündar, E. (2008). Patara unguentariumları. Patara IV (1). İstanbul: Ege Yayınları.
  • Erol, A. F. (2014). Ordu ili Fatsa ilçesi Cıngırt Kayası kazısı 2013. KST, 36 (1), 383-400.
  • Erol, A. F. (2015). New findings on the history and archaeology of the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey: The excavation of Cıngırt Kayası. In G. R. Tsetskhladze, A. Avram & J. Hargrave (Eds.), The Danubian lands between the Black, Aegean and Adriatic Seas (7th century BC - 10th century AD), 453-461. Oxford: Archaeopress Archaeology.
  • Erol, A. F. ve Tamer, D. (2018a). The Place of Cıngırt Kayası in the Pontic Region during the reign of Mithridates VI. In P. Pavúk, V. Klontza-Jaklová & A. Harding (Eds.), ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, Studies in honour of Jan Bouzek, Vol. 18, 541-558. Opera Facultatis Philosophicae, Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis.
  • Erol, A. F. ve Tamer, D. (2018a). Fatsa/Cıngırt Kayası 2012-2014 sezonu kazılarından ele geçen unguentariumlar. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 267-292. Greenewalt, C. H. Jr., Sullivan, D. G., Ratte, C. J. & Howe, T. N. (1983). Sardis 1981 and 1982. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi, 26 (2), 155-215.
  • Guz-Zilberstein, B. (1995). The typology of the Hellenistic coarse ware and selected loci of the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In A. Belfer-Cohen, A. Ben-Tor & Y. Tsafrir (Eds.), Excavations at Dor, final report volume I B, areas A and C: The finds. Qedem Reports, 2, 289-433. Jarusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
  • Günay, G. (1989). İzmir Müzesi’nde bulunan unguentariumlar. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Gürler, B. (1994). Metropolis’in Hellenistik Dönem seramiği. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Handberg, S. & Petersen, J. H. (2010). Glossed Pottery. In N. A. Lejpunskaja, P. Guldager-Bilde, J. M. Højte, V. V. Krapivina & S. D. Kryžickij (Eds.), The lower city of Olbia (Sector NGS) in the 6th century BC to the 4th century AD. Black Sea Studies, 13, 185-260. Aarhus University Press.
  • Hayes, J. W. (1997). Handbook of Mediterranean Roman pottery. London: British Museum Press.
  • Hellström, P. (1965). Pottery of classical and later date, Terracotta lamps and glass. Labraunda: Swedish Excavations and Research II (1). Lund.
  • Hermary, A., Panayotova, K., Baralis, A., Riapov, A. & Damyanov, M. (2010). Apollonia du Pont (Sozopol), La nécropole de Kalfata (Ve-IIIe s. av. J.-C.), Errance. Paris.
  • Indgjerd, H. (2014). The grave goods of Roman Hierapolis: An analysis of the finds from four multiple burial tombs. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. University of Oslo.
  • Ivanov, T. (1963). Antična keramika ot nekropola na Apolonia. In I. Venedikov (Ed.), Apolonija. Razkopkite na Nekropola na Apolonija Prez 1947 1949 g, 65 273. Sofia. Ivchenko, A. (2015). Ground burial Crypt with Parian amfora at Olbian necropolis. Ancient World and Archaeology, 17, 253-271.
  • Kahane, P. (1952). Pottery types from the Jewish Ossuary-Tombs around Jerusalem: An archaeological contribution on the problem of the Hellenization of Jewry in the Herodian Period. Israel Exploration Journal, 2, 125-139.
  • Kaposina, S. M. (1959). Necropol' v Rajone Poselka im. Vojkova bliz Kerci. Materialy i issledovanija po archeologii (Materials and research on archaeology), 69, 108-153.
  • Karjaka, A. V. (2010). G Greyware Pottery. In N. A. Lejpunskaja, P. Guldager-Bilde, J. M. Højte, V. V. Krapivina & S. D. Kryžickij (Eds.), The lower city of Olbia (Sector NGS) in the 6th Century BC to the 4th Century AD. Black Sea Studies, 13, 289-304. Aarhus University Press.
  • Kasaev, S. (2002). Commonware. In L. Hannestad, V. F. Stolba & A. N. Sceglov (Eds.), Ponskoye I, 150-179. Aarhus University Press.
  • Khairy, N. I. (1980). Nabatean piriform unguentaria. The Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 240, 85-91.
  • Kotitsa, Z. (1998). Hellenistische keramik im Martin Von Wagner Mudeum der Universitat Würzburg. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag.
  • Kurtz, D. C. & Boardman, J. (1971). Greek burial customs. Ithaca - New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Lomtadze, G. & Zhuravlev, D. (2014). Hellenistic pottery from the necropolis of Olbia Pontike. In P. Guldager-Bilde & M. Lawall (Eds.), Pottery, peoples and places: Study and interpretations of late Hellenistic pottery. Black Sea Studies, 16, 175-19. Aarhus University Press.
  • Mordvinceva, V. (2005). The royal grave from the time of Mithridates Eupator in the Crimea. In V. F. Stolba & L. Hannestad (Eds.), Chronologies of the Black Sea area in the period c. 400-100 BC. Black Sea Studies, 3, 275-285. Aarhus University Press.
  • Nielsen, T. H. (2002). Phrourion. A note on the term in classical sources and in Diodorus Sicilus. In T. H. Nielsen (Ed.), Even more studies in the ancient Greek polis, 49-64. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
  • Nohlen, K. & Radt, W. (1978). Kapıkaya. Ein felsheiligtum bei Pergamon. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Parovich-Peshikan, M. (1974). Nekropol Olvii ellenisticeskogo vremini. Kiev.
  • Robinson, H. S. (1959). Pottery of the Roman period chronology. The Athenian Agora V/1. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Rotroff, S. I. (1997). Hellenistic pottery: Athenian and imported wheelmade table ware and related material. The Athenian Agora XXIX. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Rotroff, S. I. (2006). Hellenistic pottery: The plain wares. The Athenian Agora XXXIII. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Saraçoğlu, A. ve Çekilmez, M. (2011). Tralleis batı Nekropolis ve konut alanı Hellenistik Dönem seramiği: 2006-2007 buluntuları. Colloquim Anatolicum, X, 219-249.
  • Smetana-Scherrer, R. (1982). Spätklassische und Hellenistische keramik. In H. Walter (Ed.), Alt-Ägina 2 (1), 56-91. Mainz.
  • Sparkes, B. A. & Talcott, L. (1970). Front Matter. The Athenian Agora XII: Black and plain pottery, Part I. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Stern, E. M. (2001). Roman, Byzantine and early Medieval glass 10 BCE - 700 CE. Ernesto Wolf Collection. New York: Hatje Cantz Publishers.
  • Şenyurt, S. Y. ve Akçay, A. (2016). Kurul Kalesi (Ordu) VI. Mithradates dönemi yerleşimi üzerine ön değerlendirmeler. Seleucia, 6, 221-248.
  • Şimşek, C. ve Duman, B. (2007). Laodikeia’da bulunan geç Antik Çağ unguentariumları. Adalya, 10, 285-307.
  • Thompson, H. A. (1934). Two centuries of Hellenistic pottery. Hesperia, 3, 311-476.
  • Tırpan, A. A. ve Söğüt, B. (2001). Lagina Hekate Temenosu 1999 yılı çalışmaları. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 22 (2), 299-310.
  • Ünan, S. (2010). Mezar buluntuları ışığında Samsun Amisos’da Hellenistik Dönem pişmiş toprak kaplarından örnekler. 4. Uluslararası Eskişehir Pişmiş Toprak Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 657-668.
  • Zajcev, J. P. (2005). Absolute and relative chronology of Scythian Neapolis in the 2nd century BC. In V. F. Stolba & L. Hannestad. (Eds.), Chronologies of the Black Sea area in the period c. 400-100 BC. Black Sea Studies, 3, 259-273. Aarhus University Press.
  • Zhuravlev, D., Demidenko, S. V. & Trejster, M. (1997). Kruglij Kurgan: Eine gesamtvorlage des materials aus den grabungen des Barons V.G. von Tiesenhausen. Eurasia Antiqua 3, 409-435.
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Archaeology
Journal Section Archaeology
Authors

Süleyman Yücel Şenyurt 0000-0001-7364-311X

Leyla Yorulmaz 0000-0001-7814-1397

Publication Date July 1, 2020
Submission Date February 25, 2020
Acceptance Date May 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şenyurt, S. Y., & Yorulmaz, L. (2020). Kurul Kalesi Pişmiş Toprak Unguentariumları. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(3), 606-628. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.694489