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The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students' Differentiation and Perfectionism

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 504 - 520, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.962198

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of sports exercises on students' differentiation and perfectionism. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and terms of the method used; it was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population includes; female students of the first year of high school who were studied using peer matching between the ages of 13-15. Due to the quasi-experimental nature of the research through G-Power software, 32 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group were studied. Data collection was based on Azimkhani, Hejazi & Aminzadeh’s training protocol (2019), as well as the Perfectionism Questionnaire (Hill, Huelsman, Furr, Kibler, Vicente, & Kennedy, 2004) and the Differentiation Questionnaire (Drake, Murdock, Marszalek, & Barber, 2015). Based on the findings; Can be observed through dependent t-test and analysis of covariance; In the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test in the variable components of differentiation and perfectionism, the significant levels of the dependent t-test are less than 0.05. Therefore, it can be said; significant changes have been made in the variables of differentiation and perfectionism in pre-test and post-test. Conclusion; According to the findings, to increase the psychological and physical factors and the effect of the sports coach, all other factors; Including educational support, the quality of the halls, and educational environments, can be a serious help for students. On the other hand, the type of training along with professional trainers can be a great help for all students, even elite athletes.

References

  • Ahrari, R., Azimkhani, A. & Keshtidar, M. (2018). Predicting sports success based on perfectionism and assertiveness in students participating in sports leisure. Master Thesis in Sports Management. Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Akandere, M. & Tekin, A. (2002). The effect of physical exercise on anxity. Sport journal, 5(2), 150-168.
  • Ameri, F., & Amooi, N. (2016). The Role of Family Functioning in the Extent of Experienced Identity Crisis and Differentiation Levels of Adolescents. Journal of Family and Research. 13(30), 77-91.
  • Andam, R., Kharkan, M. & Mehdizadeh, R. (2013). The Relationship between Perfectionism and Aggression among Athletic Students, Sports Psychology Studies, 67-84.
  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (2004). The Defense Style Questionnaire. Journal of Nervosa and Mental Disease, 12, 246-250.
  • Andrews, S. J., & Armstrong-Soule, C. (2017). The Influence of regular sports participation on consumer psychology. In The Customer is not always right? Marketing orientationsin in a dynamic business world (pp. 209-211). Cham: Springer.
  • Arbab, B., Vaez Moosavi, M. K. & Badami, R. (2016). The relation between sports perfectionism and competitive anxiety in women's national karate team. Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior, 5(10), 27-35.
  • Asadi, P. (2011). The effect of morning exercise on psychological skills of non-athlete female high school students in public schools in Ilam province. Master Thesis in Physical Education, Payame Noor University.
  • Azimkhani, A., Shahrivari, K., Nategh, E. & Azizi Javan, H. A. (2010). Construction and standardization of Behavioral Disorder Rating Scale in fifth grade elementary students in Tehran (teachers form). Principles of Mental Health, 12, 83-574.
  • Azimkhani, A., Hejazi, K. & Aminzadeh, R. (2019). The effect of combined exercise (interval and polymetric) on some physical fitness parameters in middle age Men. Journal of sport sciences Researches, 4(1), 1-9.
  • Bakhshi Soureshjani, L. (2015). Survey of perfectionism relationship with depression and bodily image and two latest variations of socio-economic situation in Islamic Azad University Behbahan Branch. Cultural Bulletin, 19(5), 37-60.
  • Beheshti Roy, N. (2012). The Relationship between parenting styles and self-concept and differentiation of high school students in Yasouj.Master Thesis. Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch.
  • Besharat, M. A. (2005). A Study of the relationship between perfectionism and sports success. Harakat Magazine, 23(417), 51-65.
  • Brown, R. A., Abrantes, A. M., Read, J. P., Marcus, B. H., Jakicic, J., Strong, D. R., ... & Gordon, A. A. (2010). A pilot study of aerobic exercise as an adjunctive treatment for drug dependence. Mental health and physical activity, 3(1), 27-34.
  • Burns, D. D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for self-defeat. Psychology today, 14(6), 34-52.
  • Byrd, M. (2011). Perfectionism hurts: Examining the relationship between perfectionism, anger, anxiety, and sport aggression. Master Thesis. Miami University, Miami, United State of America.
  • Chard, C. A., Nelson, D. S., Walters, K. A., Pollard, N., Pollard, N., Pollard, N., ... & Fields, M. J. (2020). An Inclusive approach to exploring perceptions of body ımage, self-esteem, and physical activity among black and African-American girls: Smart fit girls melanin magic. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 38(3), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.18666/JPRA-2019-9710
  • Choy, G. & McInerney, V. (2007). Multidimensions of perfectionism and self concept in school aged children. Paper presented at Australian international education conference, School of Psychology, Self-Research Centre, University of Western Sydney, Australia.
  • Codina, N. & Pestana, J. V. (2016). Actividad físico-deportiva como experiencia de ocio y Perspectiva Temporal en los jóvenes. Revista de Psicolo- gía del Deporte, 25(2), 53-60.
  • Curran, A. (2012). An investigatory study of the effect of sport participation on aggression, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Bachelors Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • Damian, L.E., Stoeber, J., Negru, O. & Băban, A. (2013). On the development of perfectionism in adolescence: Perceived parental expectations predict longitudinal increases in socially prescribed perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(6), 688-693.
  • Drake, J. R., Murdock, N. L., Marszalek, J. M. & Barber, E. (2015). Differentiation of Self-Inventory, Short Form: Development and Preliminary Validation. Journal of Contemporary Family Therapy, 37(2),101-112.
  • Elliot A. (1999). Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals. Journal of Educational Psychologist, 34(3), 169-189.
  • Entezari, M., Shamsi Pourdehkordi, P. & Sahaf, R. (2017). The effectiveness of physical activity on cognitive flexibility and perfectionism of the elderly. The elderly, 4, 405-412.
  • Frost, R.O., Maten, P., Lahar, C.M. & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive therapy and research, 14, 449-468.
  • González, J., Garcés de los Fayos, E. J. & García Del Castillo, A. (2011). Percepción de bienestar psicológico y fomento de la práctica de activi-dad física en población adolescente. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Socia- les y Humanidades, 21(2), 55-71.
  • Griban, G., Dzenzeliuk, D., Dikhtiarenko, Z., Yeromenko, E., Lytvynenko, A., Otravenkoa, O., Semeniv, B., Prystynskyi, V. & Prontenko, K. (2021). Influence of Sambo Wrestling Training on Students’ Physical Fitness. Sport Mont, 19(1), 89-95. Doi: 10.26773/smj.210219.
  • Hadidi, Z., Zare Bahramabadi, M. & Shafiabadi, A. (2010). The effect of assertiveness education on increasing the differentiation of female high school students in district one of Tehran, Educational Sciences. Educational Research Journal, 6(25), 1-21.
  • Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Journal of Human Behavior, 15, 27-33.
  • Hernandez, J.G., Villena, A.J.M. (2019). Perfectionism and sporting practice: Functional stress regulation in adolescence. Anales de psicología / Anales de Psicologia, 35, 148-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.35.1.1326541
  • Hill, R. W., Huelsman, T. J., Furr, R. M., Kibler, J., Vicente, B. B., & Kennedy, C. (2004). A new measure of perfectionism: The Perfectionism Inventory. Journal of personality assessment, 24(1), 20-11.
  • Hosseinpour, E. & Kashef, M. M. (2012). Comparison of general health of active and inactive male students in Urmia middle schools. Sport Psychology Studies, 1, 1-6. Doi: 20.1001.1.23452978.1391.1.1.1.3
  • Huta, V. & Ryan, R.M. (2009). Pursuing pleasure versus virtue: The differential and overlapping well-being benefits of hedonic and eudemonic motives. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11, 735-762.
  • Jamshidi, B., Hossein Chari, M., Haghighat, Sh. & Razmi, M. R. (2009). Validation of the new scale of perfectionism. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3, 35-43.
  • Khajeh Salehani, M. (2007). The effect of sports activities on reducing depression in blind female students. Exceptional Education, 73, 67-70.
  • Khalatbari, J., Ghorban Shiroodi, S. & Hosseini, I. (2011). A Study of the relationship between perfectionism and loneliness with quality of life of medical students in Guilan province. Quarterly Journal of Educational Psychology, 2, 117-131.
  • Lotfi, M., Mohammadi, J., Sohrabi, M. & Bagherzadeh, F. (2013). The Comparison of Physical Self-concept between Blind female athletes and Non-athletes. Knowledge and research in applied psychology, 14(4), 45-53.
  • Mahdavi Nisyani, Z., Ghale noye, F., Fazeli Farsani, F. & Hashemi, Sh. S. (2016). The effectiveness of exercise on psychological well-being Sleep quality and quality of life of Malayer National University students. World Conference on Psychology and Educational Sciences, Law and Social Sciences at the beginning of the third millennium, Shiraz.
  • Mohammadpour, F. (2019). Comparison of self-differentiation in female athletes and non-athletes. International Conference on New Horizons in Sports Science and Health, Tehran, New Horizons Science and Technology Association.
  • Mousavi, S. A, Vaez Mousavi, S. M. K. & Yaghoubi, H. (2015). The role of sports perfectionism in the dimensions of psychological health and sports success of elite athletes. Sports Psychology Studies, 12, 31-42. Doi: 20.1001.1.23452978.1394.4.12.3.8
  • Nerland, E. & Sæther, S. A. (2016). Norwegian football academy players-players self-assessed competence, perfectionism, goal orientations and motivational climate. Sport Mont Journal, 14(2), 7-11.
  • Olivares, P. R., Cossio-Bolaños, M. A., Gomez-Campos, R., Almonacid-Fierro, A. & Garcia-Rubio, J. (2015). Influence of parents and physical education teachers in adolescent physical activity. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15(2), 113-120.
  • Pourshahabadi, F. (2015). The effect of sport on socialization and responsibility of individuals. Paper presented at Congress of Pioneers of progress, Tehran, Iran.
  • Pulido, D., Borràs Rotger, P. A., Salom, M. & Ponseti Verdaguer, F. J. (2018). Competitive anxiety in grassroots sport in the Balearic Islands. Revista de psicología del deporte, 27(3), 5-9.
  • Quested, E., & Duda, J. L. (2009). Perceptions of the motivational climate need satisfaction, and indices of well and ill-being among hip hop dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science: official publication of the International Association for Dance Medicine & Science, 13(1), 10-9.
  • Rao, U.T., Noronha, J.A. & Adiga, K. (2020). Effect of aerobic exercises on depressive symptoms, anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life among adults with depression. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 8(4), 1147-1151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2020.04.006
  • Rasooli, M., Asoudeh, M. H., Tamarchi, F. & Hosseini, Z. (2016). Investigation of factor structure and validation of Drake and Murdoch self-differentiation questionnaire (short form). Psychometrics, 4(16), 1-10.
  • Alfermann, D. & Stoll, O. (2000). Effects of physical exercise morning on self-concept and well-being. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 31, 47-65.
  • Saatchian, V., Azimkhani, A., Türkmen, M. & Laein, D. D. (2021). Cycling as transportation & Covid-19: advantages of shared bicycles during Epidemics. Sport Mont, 19(1), 51-57. Doi: 10.26773/smj.210212
  • Sahafi, E. S. & Piri, M. (2020). The effect of a forced aerobic exercise period in adolescence on the negative effects of maternal separation stress on cardiac oxidative stress in adult male rats. Applied Biological Science Studies in Sport, 8, 63-72.
  • Salesi, M., Shakur, E., Pouranfar, S., Koushki Jahromi, M. & Roozbeh, J. (2014). The effect of a period of exercise on stress, anxiety, depression, and hypertension in kidney transplant patients. Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Quarterly, 12, 31-38.
  • Sarv, M. (2008). The mediating role of test anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and students' academic achievement. Master Thesis. Shahid Beheshti University.
  • Shajee, R., Koozehchian, H. Amiri, M. & Eghbali Hashtjin, F. (2011). Determining the Relationship between Perfectionism and Social Physical Anxiety in Women with Regular Physical Activity. Sports Management, 3, 85-101.
  • Smith, L.L. & Elliott, C.H. (2017). Demystifying and defeating depression. Depression for dummies (pp. 9-20). New Jersey, NJ: Wiley.
  • Sohrabi, R., Asadi, M., Habibollahzade, H. & PanaAli, A. (2013). Relationship between self-differentiation in Bowen's family therapy and psychological health. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 1773-1775.
  • Soltani Shal, R., Mohammadian Sharabaf, H.R. & Ghanaei Chamanabad, A. (2013). The effectiveness of exercise on general health, sleep quality and quality of life of Ferdowsi University students. Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, 17(69), 40-46.
  • Springer, Ch., Appleton, P. R. & Hill, A. P. (2012). Perfectionism and athlete burnout in junior elite athletes: The mediating role of motivation regulations. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 6, 129-45.
  • Stober, J. & Damian, LE. (2014). The Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire. Further evidence for two factors capturing Perfectionism strivings and concern. Personality and Individual Differences, 61-62, 38-42. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.003.
  • Stumpf, H. & Parker, W. D (2000). A hierarchical structural analysis of perfectionism and its relation to other personality characteristics. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 837-852.
  • Sufiani, H. (2007). The Relationship between personality dimensions and perfectionism dimensions with general health. Master Thesis. University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
  • Tuason. M. T. & Friedlander M. L. (2000). Do parents' differentiotion levels predict those of their adult children? And other tests of Bowen theory in a Philippine Sample. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 27-35.
  • ZalBeyki, B., Pakdaman, M., Kurdi, H. & Ghotbi, M. (2016). The Effect of Nominated Traditional Games on Symptoms Reduction of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder among the Primary School Students. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 17(4), 85-94.
  • Zoghi, L., Torab, B. & Ajilchi, B. (2019). The Relationship between Differentiation of Self and Social Anxiety with the Mediating Role of Mindfulness in Obese Women. Biquarterly Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, 2(1), 115-124.

The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students' Differentiation and Perfectionism

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 504 - 520, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.962198

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of sports exercises on students' differentiation and perfectionism. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and terms of the method used; it was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population includes; female students of the first year of high school who were studied using peer matching between the ages of 13-15. Due to the quasi-experimental nature of the research through G-Power software, 32 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group were studied. Data collection was based on Azimkhani, Hejazi & Aminzadeh’s training protocol (2019), as well as the Perfectionism Questionnaire (Hill, Huelsman, Furr, Kibler, Vicente, & Kennedy, 2004) and the Differentiation Questionnaire (Drake, Murdock, Marszalek, & Barber, 2015). Based on the findings; Can be observed through dependent t-test and analysis of covariance; In the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test in the variable components of differentiation and perfectionism, the significant levels of the dependent t-test are less than 0.05. Therefore, it can be said; significant changes have been made in the variables of differentiation and perfectionism in pre-test and post-test. Conclusion; According to the findings, to increase the psychological and physical factors and the effect of the sports coach, all other factors; Including educational support, the quality of the halls, and educational environments, can be a serious help for students. On the other hand, the type of training along with professional trainers can be a great help for all students, even elite athletes.

References

  • Ahrari, R., Azimkhani, A. & Keshtidar, M. (2018). Predicting sports success based on perfectionism and assertiveness in students participating in sports leisure. Master Thesis in Sports Management. Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Akandere, M. & Tekin, A. (2002). The effect of physical exercise on anxity. Sport journal, 5(2), 150-168.
  • Ameri, F., & Amooi, N. (2016). The Role of Family Functioning in the Extent of Experienced Identity Crisis and Differentiation Levels of Adolescents. Journal of Family and Research. 13(30), 77-91.
  • Andam, R., Kharkan, M. & Mehdizadeh, R. (2013). The Relationship between Perfectionism and Aggression among Athletic Students, Sports Psychology Studies, 67-84.
  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (2004). The Defense Style Questionnaire. Journal of Nervosa and Mental Disease, 12, 246-250.
  • Andrews, S. J., & Armstrong-Soule, C. (2017). The Influence of regular sports participation on consumer psychology. In The Customer is not always right? Marketing orientationsin in a dynamic business world (pp. 209-211). Cham: Springer.
  • Arbab, B., Vaez Moosavi, M. K. & Badami, R. (2016). The relation between sports perfectionism and competitive anxiety in women's national karate team. Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior, 5(10), 27-35.
  • Asadi, P. (2011). The effect of morning exercise on psychological skills of non-athlete female high school students in public schools in Ilam province. Master Thesis in Physical Education, Payame Noor University.
  • Azimkhani, A., Shahrivari, K., Nategh, E. & Azizi Javan, H. A. (2010). Construction and standardization of Behavioral Disorder Rating Scale in fifth grade elementary students in Tehran (teachers form). Principles of Mental Health, 12, 83-574.
  • Azimkhani, A., Hejazi, K. & Aminzadeh, R. (2019). The effect of combined exercise (interval and polymetric) on some physical fitness parameters in middle age Men. Journal of sport sciences Researches, 4(1), 1-9.
  • Bakhshi Soureshjani, L. (2015). Survey of perfectionism relationship with depression and bodily image and two latest variations of socio-economic situation in Islamic Azad University Behbahan Branch. Cultural Bulletin, 19(5), 37-60.
  • Beheshti Roy, N. (2012). The Relationship between parenting styles and self-concept and differentiation of high school students in Yasouj.Master Thesis. Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch.
  • Besharat, M. A. (2005). A Study of the relationship between perfectionism and sports success. Harakat Magazine, 23(417), 51-65.
  • Brown, R. A., Abrantes, A. M., Read, J. P., Marcus, B. H., Jakicic, J., Strong, D. R., ... & Gordon, A. A. (2010). A pilot study of aerobic exercise as an adjunctive treatment for drug dependence. Mental health and physical activity, 3(1), 27-34.
  • Burns, D. D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for self-defeat. Psychology today, 14(6), 34-52.
  • Byrd, M. (2011). Perfectionism hurts: Examining the relationship between perfectionism, anger, anxiety, and sport aggression. Master Thesis. Miami University, Miami, United State of America.
  • Chard, C. A., Nelson, D. S., Walters, K. A., Pollard, N., Pollard, N., Pollard, N., ... & Fields, M. J. (2020). An Inclusive approach to exploring perceptions of body ımage, self-esteem, and physical activity among black and African-American girls: Smart fit girls melanin magic. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 38(3), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.18666/JPRA-2019-9710
  • Choy, G. & McInerney, V. (2007). Multidimensions of perfectionism and self concept in school aged children. Paper presented at Australian international education conference, School of Psychology, Self-Research Centre, University of Western Sydney, Australia.
  • Codina, N. & Pestana, J. V. (2016). Actividad físico-deportiva como experiencia de ocio y Perspectiva Temporal en los jóvenes. Revista de Psicolo- gía del Deporte, 25(2), 53-60.
  • Curran, A. (2012). An investigatory study of the effect of sport participation on aggression, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Bachelors Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • Damian, L.E., Stoeber, J., Negru, O. & Băban, A. (2013). On the development of perfectionism in adolescence: Perceived parental expectations predict longitudinal increases in socially prescribed perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(6), 688-693.
  • Drake, J. R., Murdock, N. L., Marszalek, J. M. & Barber, E. (2015). Differentiation of Self-Inventory, Short Form: Development and Preliminary Validation. Journal of Contemporary Family Therapy, 37(2),101-112.
  • Elliot A. (1999). Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals. Journal of Educational Psychologist, 34(3), 169-189.
  • Entezari, M., Shamsi Pourdehkordi, P. & Sahaf, R. (2017). The effectiveness of physical activity on cognitive flexibility and perfectionism of the elderly. The elderly, 4, 405-412.
  • Frost, R.O., Maten, P., Lahar, C.M. & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive therapy and research, 14, 449-468.
  • González, J., Garcés de los Fayos, E. J. & García Del Castillo, A. (2011). Percepción de bienestar psicológico y fomento de la práctica de activi-dad física en población adolescente. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Socia- les y Humanidades, 21(2), 55-71.
  • Griban, G., Dzenzeliuk, D., Dikhtiarenko, Z., Yeromenko, E., Lytvynenko, A., Otravenkoa, O., Semeniv, B., Prystynskyi, V. & Prontenko, K. (2021). Influence of Sambo Wrestling Training on Students’ Physical Fitness. Sport Mont, 19(1), 89-95. Doi: 10.26773/smj.210219.
  • Hadidi, Z., Zare Bahramabadi, M. & Shafiabadi, A. (2010). The effect of assertiveness education on increasing the differentiation of female high school students in district one of Tehran, Educational Sciences. Educational Research Journal, 6(25), 1-21.
  • Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Journal of Human Behavior, 15, 27-33.
  • Hernandez, J.G., Villena, A.J.M. (2019). Perfectionism and sporting practice: Functional stress regulation in adolescence. Anales de psicología / Anales de Psicologia, 35, 148-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.35.1.1326541
  • Hill, R. W., Huelsman, T. J., Furr, R. M., Kibler, J., Vicente, B. B., & Kennedy, C. (2004). A new measure of perfectionism: The Perfectionism Inventory. Journal of personality assessment, 24(1), 20-11.
  • Hosseinpour, E. & Kashef, M. M. (2012). Comparison of general health of active and inactive male students in Urmia middle schools. Sport Psychology Studies, 1, 1-6. Doi: 20.1001.1.23452978.1391.1.1.1.3
  • Huta, V. & Ryan, R.M. (2009). Pursuing pleasure versus virtue: The differential and overlapping well-being benefits of hedonic and eudemonic motives. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11, 735-762.
  • Jamshidi, B., Hossein Chari, M., Haghighat, Sh. & Razmi, M. R. (2009). Validation of the new scale of perfectionism. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3, 35-43.
  • Khajeh Salehani, M. (2007). The effect of sports activities on reducing depression in blind female students. Exceptional Education, 73, 67-70.
  • Khalatbari, J., Ghorban Shiroodi, S. & Hosseini, I. (2011). A Study of the relationship between perfectionism and loneliness with quality of life of medical students in Guilan province. Quarterly Journal of Educational Psychology, 2, 117-131.
  • Lotfi, M., Mohammadi, J., Sohrabi, M. & Bagherzadeh, F. (2013). The Comparison of Physical Self-concept between Blind female athletes and Non-athletes. Knowledge and research in applied psychology, 14(4), 45-53.
  • Mahdavi Nisyani, Z., Ghale noye, F., Fazeli Farsani, F. & Hashemi, Sh. S. (2016). The effectiveness of exercise on psychological well-being Sleep quality and quality of life of Malayer National University students. World Conference on Psychology and Educational Sciences, Law and Social Sciences at the beginning of the third millennium, Shiraz.
  • Mohammadpour, F. (2019). Comparison of self-differentiation in female athletes and non-athletes. International Conference on New Horizons in Sports Science and Health, Tehran, New Horizons Science and Technology Association.
  • Mousavi, S. A, Vaez Mousavi, S. M. K. & Yaghoubi, H. (2015). The role of sports perfectionism in the dimensions of psychological health and sports success of elite athletes. Sports Psychology Studies, 12, 31-42. Doi: 20.1001.1.23452978.1394.4.12.3.8
  • Nerland, E. & Sæther, S. A. (2016). Norwegian football academy players-players self-assessed competence, perfectionism, goal orientations and motivational climate. Sport Mont Journal, 14(2), 7-11.
  • Olivares, P. R., Cossio-Bolaños, M. A., Gomez-Campos, R., Almonacid-Fierro, A. & Garcia-Rubio, J. (2015). Influence of parents and physical education teachers in adolescent physical activity. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15(2), 113-120.
  • Pourshahabadi, F. (2015). The effect of sport on socialization and responsibility of individuals. Paper presented at Congress of Pioneers of progress, Tehran, Iran.
  • Pulido, D., Borràs Rotger, P. A., Salom, M. & Ponseti Verdaguer, F. J. (2018). Competitive anxiety in grassroots sport in the Balearic Islands. Revista de psicología del deporte, 27(3), 5-9.
  • Quested, E., & Duda, J. L. (2009). Perceptions of the motivational climate need satisfaction, and indices of well and ill-being among hip hop dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science: official publication of the International Association for Dance Medicine & Science, 13(1), 10-9.
  • Rao, U.T., Noronha, J.A. & Adiga, K. (2020). Effect of aerobic exercises on depressive symptoms, anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life among adults with depression. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 8(4), 1147-1151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2020.04.006
  • Rasooli, M., Asoudeh, M. H., Tamarchi, F. & Hosseini, Z. (2016). Investigation of factor structure and validation of Drake and Murdoch self-differentiation questionnaire (short form). Psychometrics, 4(16), 1-10.
  • Alfermann, D. & Stoll, O. (2000). Effects of physical exercise morning on self-concept and well-being. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 31, 47-65.
  • Saatchian, V., Azimkhani, A., Türkmen, M. & Laein, D. D. (2021). Cycling as transportation & Covid-19: advantages of shared bicycles during Epidemics. Sport Mont, 19(1), 51-57. Doi: 10.26773/smj.210212
  • Sahafi, E. S. & Piri, M. (2020). The effect of a forced aerobic exercise period in adolescence on the negative effects of maternal separation stress on cardiac oxidative stress in adult male rats. Applied Biological Science Studies in Sport, 8, 63-72.
  • Salesi, M., Shakur, E., Pouranfar, S., Koushki Jahromi, M. & Roozbeh, J. (2014). The effect of a period of exercise on stress, anxiety, depression, and hypertension in kidney transplant patients. Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Quarterly, 12, 31-38.
  • Sarv, M. (2008). The mediating role of test anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and students' academic achievement. Master Thesis. Shahid Beheshti University.
  • Shajee, R., Koozehchian, H. Amiri, M. & Eghbali Hashtjin, F. (2011). Determining the Relationship between Perfectionism and Social Physical Anxiety in Women with Regular Physical Activity. Sports Management, 3, 85-101.
  • Smith, L.L. & Elliott, C.H. (2017). Demystifying and defeating depression. Depression for dummies (pp. 9-20). New Jersey, NJ: Wiley.
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There are 63 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Amin Azimkhani 0000-0002-5513-5872

Azadeh Safari Yazd 0000-0003-1063-6283

Reza Aminzadej 0000-0002-9720-6309

Early Pub Date December 12, 2021
Publication Date December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date December 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Azimkhani, A., Safari Yazd, A., & Aminzadej, R. (2021). The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 6(2), 504-520. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.962198
AMA Azimkhani A, Safari Yazd A, Aminzadej R. The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism. JSSR. December 2021;6(2):504-520. doi:10.25307/jssr.962198
Chicago Azimkhani, Amin, Azadeh Safari Yazd, and Reza Aminzadej. “The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 6, no. 2 (December 2021): 504-20. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.962198.
EndNote Azimkhani A, Safari Yazd A, Aminzadej R (December 1, 2021) The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 6 2 504–520.
IEEE A. Azimkhani, A. Safari Yazd, and R. Aminzadej, “The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism”, JSSR, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 504–520, 2021, doi: 10.25307/jssr.962198.
ISNAD Azimkhani, Amin et al. “The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 6/2 (December 2021), 504-520. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.962198.
JAMA Azimkhani A, Safari Yazd A, Aminzadej R. The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism. JSSR. 2021;6:504–520.
MLA Azimkhani, Amin et al. “The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, vol. 6, no. 2, 2021, pp. 504-20, doi:10.25307/jssr.962198.
Vancouver Azimkhani A, Safari Yazd A, Aminzadej R. The Effect of Sports Exercises on Students’ Differentiation and Perfectionism. JSSR. 2021;6(2):504-20.

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