Solution for Integration of Renewable Energy Power Plants into Smart Grids with Active Power Control

Year 2024, , 11 - 23, 21.06.2024

Mehmet Necat Tur , Ömer Faruk Ertuğrul , Mehmet Rıda Tür

https://doi.org/10.53525/jster.1409505

Abstract

This article addresses the integration of renewable energy power plants into smart grids and active power control. Renewable energy sources contribute to environmentally friendly and sustainable energy production, but the fluctuations inherent in these sources pose a challenge for energy grids. The article examines various technologies that can be used to overcome this challenge and make energy grids more reliable. Smart grids aim to improve energy grids by optimizing energy production, transmission, and distribution using data analytics, automation, and communication technologies. The integration of renewable energy power plants into these smart grids offers significant advantages, including the ability to predict energy production, integrate with energy storage systems, and manage energy demand. The article also emphasizes the importance of active power control. Active power control is used to manage energy production steadily, thereby maintaining grid stability. Balancing energy fluctuations from renewable energy sources and storing excess energy when needed enhances grid stability. In conclusion, this article discusses the crucial role of integrating renewable energy power plants into smart grids and implementing active power control in the energy sector. These integration and control methods are important steps in making energy grids more sustainable, efficient, and reliable.

Keywords

Renewable Energy, Smart Grids, Active Power Control, Power Plants

References

• [1] G. 9th Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand,(BPLE), 2020, Biennial Repor Republic of Korea Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy. t; Republic of Korea Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy: Sejong-si, Korea
• [2] Holguin, J.P.,2020, Rodriguez, D.C.; Ramos, G. Reverse Power Flow (RPF) Detection and Impact on Protection Coordination of Distribution Systems. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 56, 2393–2401
• [3] Hossain, E., Tür, M. R., Padmanaban, S., Ay, S., & Khan, I. ,2018, Analysis and mitigation of power quality issues in distributed generation systems using custom power devices. Ieee Access, 6, 16816-16833.
• [4] K. Moslehi, R. Kumar, A reliability perspective of the smart grid, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 1 (1) (2010) 57–64.
• [5] N. Phuangpornpitak, S. Tia, Opportunities and challenges of integrating renewable energy in smart grid system, Energy Procedia 34 (2013) 282–290.
• [6] P. Capros, N. Tasios, A. De Vita, L. Mantzos, L. Paroussos, Transformations of the energy system in the context of the decarbonization of the EU economy in the time horizon to 2050, Energy Strategy Rev. 1 (2) (2012) 85–96.
• [7] M. Ali, K. Prakash, M.A. Hossain, H.R. Pota, Intelligent energy management: Evolving developments, current challenges, and research directions for sustainable future, J. Clean. Prod. 314 (2021) 127904.
• [8] K. Khan, A. Rauf, M. Khalid, Economic dispatch for conventional generationreplacement with solar PV and battery storage using robust stochastic optimization, in: 2023 International Conference on Control, Automation and Diagnosis, ICCAD, IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–6.
• [9] T. Han, K. Muhammad, T. Hussain, J. Lloret, S.W. Baik, An efficient deep learning framework for intelligent energy management in IoT networks, IEEE Internet Things J. 8 (5) (2020) 3170–3179.
• [10] M.A. Abdulgalil, M. Ali, M. Khalid, Capacity optimization of battery energy storage system for large-scale grid integration of renewables, in: 2023 International Conference on Control, Automation and Diagnosis, ICCAD, IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–6.
• [11] Alvi, W. Ahmed, M. Rehan, S. Ahmed, R. Ahmad, I. Ahmed, A novel incremental cost consensus approach for distributed economic dispatch over directed communication topologies in a smart grid, Soft Comput. 26 (14) (2022) 6685–6700.
• [12] M. Faheem, S.B.H. Shah, R.A. Butt, B. Raza, M. Anwar, M.W. Ashraf, M.A. Ngadi, V.C. Gungor, Smart grid communication and information technologies in the perspective of Industry 4.0: Opportunities and challenges, Comp. Sci. Rev. 30 (2018) 1–30.
• [13] W. Ketter, J. Collins, M. Saar-Tsechansky, O. Marom, Information systems for a smart electricity grid: Emerging challenges and opportunities, ACM Trans. Manag. Inf. Syst. (TMIS) 9 (3) (2018) 1–22.
• [14] K.A. Khan, M.M. Quamar, F.H. Al-Qahtani, M. Asif, M. Alqahtani, M. Khalid, Smart grid infrastructure and renewable energy deployment: A conceptual review of Saudi Arabia, Energy Strategy Rev. 50 (2023) 101247.
• [15] S. Aziz, I. Ahmed, K. Khan, M. Khalid, Emerging trends and approaches for designing net-zero low-carbon integrated energy networks: A review of current practices, Arab. J. Sci. Eng. (2023) 1–23. [16] C. Milchram, G. Van de Kaa, N. Doorn, R. Künneke, Moral values as factors for social acceptance of smart grid technologies, Sustainability 10 (8) (2018) 2703.
• [17] M.A. Raza, M.M. Aman, A.G. Abro, M.A. Tunio, K.L. Khatri, M. Shahid, Challenges and potentials of implementing a smart grid for Pakistan’s electric network, Energy Strategy Rev. 43 (2022) 100941.
• [18] I. Ahmed, M. Rehan, A. Basit, K.-S. Hong, Greenhouse gases emission reduction for electric power generation sector by efficient dispatching of thermal plants integrated with renewable systems, Sci. Rep. 12 (1) (2022) 12380.
• [19] M.L. Tuballa, M.L. Abundo, A review of the development of smart grid technologies, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 59 (2016) 710–725.
• [20] M. Ali, A. Iqbal, M. Khalid, A review on recent advances in matrix converter technology: Topologies, control, applications, and future prospects, Int. J. Energy Res. 2023 (2023).
• [21] M.A. Brown, S. Zhou, Smart-grid policies: An international review, Adv. Energy Syst. Large-scale Renew. Energy Integr. Chall. (2019) 127–147.
• [22] C. Tu, X. He, Z. Shuai, F. Jiang, Big data issues in smart grid–A review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 79 (2017) 1099–1107.
• [23] O. Babayomi, Z. Zhang, T. Dragicevic, J. Hu, J. Rodriguez, Smart grid evolution: Predictive control of distributed energy resources—A review, Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 147 (2023) 108812.
• [24] K.H. Kabir, S.Y. Aurko, M.S. Rahman, Smart power management in OIC countries: A critical overview using SWOT-AHP and hybrid MCDM analysis, Energies 14 (20) (2021) 6480.
• [25] Z. Abdmouleh, A. Gastli, L. Ben-Brahim, Survey about public perception regarding smart grid, energy efficiency & renewable energies applications in Qatar, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 82 (2018) 168–175.
• [26] I. Ahmed, A. Basit, F. e Mustafa, M. Alqahtani, M. Khalid, The nexus of energy in microgrids: A review on communication barriers in distributed networks auxiliary controls, IET Gener. Transm. Distr. (2023).
• [27] A.Q. Khan, A. Samee, I. Ahmed, M. Abid, M. Alqahtani, M. Khalid, et al., Advanced statistical and meta-heuristic based optimization fault diagnosis techniques in complex industrial processes: a comparative analysis, IEEE Access (2023).
• [28] Muhammad K, Smart grids and renewable energy systems: Perspectives and grid integration challenges, Energy Strategy Reviews,vol 51, 2024, 101299, ISSN 2211-467X
• [29] IEA, 2017, Plan for Implementation of Renewable Energy 3020, South Korea Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
• [30] V. Vita, L. Ekonomou, C.A. Christodoulou, The impact of distributed generation to the lightning protection of modern distribution lines, Energy Syst. 7 (2016) 357–364.
• [31] O.B. Adewumi, G. Fotis, V. Vita, D. Nankoo, L. Ekonomou, The impact of distributed energy storage on distribution and transmission networks’ power quality, Appl. Sci. 12 (13) (2022) 6466.
• [32] E. Zafiropoulos, C. Christodoulou, V. Vita, C. Dikaiakos, I. Gonos, E. Zubieta, G. Santamaria, N. Lai, N. Baltas, P. Rodriguez, Smart grid flexibility solutions for transmission networks with increased RES penetration, in: Proceedings of the CIGRE Paris Session, 2022, p. 10711.
• [33] I. Ahmed, M. Rehan, N. Iqbal, C.K. Ahn, A novel event-triggered consensus approach for generic linear multi-agents under heterogeneous sector-restricted input nonlinearities, IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng. (2023).
• [34] I. Ahmed, M. Rehan, K.-S. Hong, A. Basit, A consensus-based approach for economic dispatch considering multiple fueling strategy of electricity production sector over a smart grid, in: 2022 13th Asian Control Conference, ASCC, IEEE, 2022, pp. 1196–1201. [35] U. Salman, K. Khan, F. Alismail, M. Khalid, Techno-economic assessment and operational planning of wind-battery distributed renewable generation system, Sustainability 13 (12) (2021) 6776.
• [36] IEEE, "IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems", (2001).
• [37] Zhao, C.; Yin, H.; Ma, C. Quantitative efficiency and temperature analysis of battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage systems. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy 2016, 7, 1791–1802.
• [38] Gatta, F.M.; Geri, A.; Lauria, S.; Maccioni, M.; Palone, F. Battery energy storage efficiency calculation including auxiliary losses: Technology comparison and operating strategies. In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 29 June–2 July 2015.
• [39] Patil, V.C.; Ro, P.I.; Kishore Ranganath, R. End-to-end efficiency of liquid piston based ocean compressed air energy storage. In Proceedings of the OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey, Monterey, CA, USA, 19–23 September 2016.
• [40] Funaki, T. Evaluating energy storage efficiency by modeling the voltage and temperature dependency in EDLC electrical characteristics. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2010, 25, 1231–1239.
• [41] Torres, J.; Moreno-Torres, P.; Navarro, G.; Blanco, M.; Lafoz, M. Fast energy storage systems comparison in terms of energy efficiency for a specific application. IEEE Access 2018, 6, 40656–40672.
• [42] Tan, Z., Liu, B., & Wu, A.,2022, Artificial Intelligence and Feature Identification Based Global
• Perception of Power Consumer: Definition, Structure, and Applications. Frontiers in Energy Research.
• [43] Tur M.R., Wadi M, A. Shobole and S. Ay, 2018, Load Frequency Control of Two Area Interconnected Power System Using Fuzzy Logic Control and PID Controller, 2018 7th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), Paris, France, 2018, pp. 1253-1258
• [44] Mitra J, 2010, Reliability-based sizing of backup storage, in: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 25, pp. 1198–1199
• [45] Shobole, A., Wadi, M., Tür, M. R., & Baysal, M. ,2017, Real time active power control in smart grid, In 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) (pp. 585-590). IEEE
• [46] Tur, M. R., Mohammed, W., SHOBOLE, A. A., & Gündüz, H. ,2021, Integration problems of photovoltaic systems-wind power, solutions and effects on power quality. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 10(2), 340-353
• [47] Moghaddam Z., I. Ahmad, D. Habibi, M.A.S. Masoum, 2019, A coordinated dynamic pricing model for electric vehicle charging stations, in: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 5, March , pp. 226–238
• [48] Das C.K., O. Bass, G. Kothapalli, T.S. Mahmoud, D. Habibi,2018, Overview of energy storage systems in distribution networks–Placement, sizing, operation, and power quality, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 91, 1205–1230.
• [49] Kichou S., Skandalos N, Wolf P., 2020, Evaluation of photovoltaic and battery storage effects on the load matching indicators based on real monitored data, Energies 13, 2727
• [50] M. Aneke, M. Wang, Energy storage technologies and real life applications–A state of the art review, Appl. Energy 179 (2016) 350–377.
• [51] K. Moslehi, R. Kumar, A reliability perspective of the smart grid, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 1 (1) (2010) 57–64.
• [52] H.M. Ghazal, K.A. Khan, F. Alismail, M. Khalid, Maximizing capacity credit in generation expansion planning for wind power generation and compressed air energy storage system, in: 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, ISGT Europe, IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–5.
• [53] Y. Alhumaid, K. Khan, F. Alismail, M. Khalid, Multi-input nonlinear programming based deterministic optimization framework for evaluating microgrids with optimal renewable-storage energy mix, Sustainability 13 (11) (2021) 5878.
• [54] R. Tiskatine, A. Aharoune, L. Bouirden, A. Ihlal, Identification of suitable storage materials for solar thermal power plant using selection methodology, Appl. Therm. Eng. 117 (2017) 591–608.
• [55] F. Mohamad, J. Teh, Impacts of energy storage system on power system reliability: A systematic review, Energies 11 (7) (2018) 1749.
• [56] M. Khalid, A review on the selected applications of battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage systems for microgrids, Energies 12 (23) (2019) 4559.
• [57] Y.M. Al-Humaid, K.A. Khan, M.A. Abdulgalil, M. Khalid, Two-stage stochastic optimization of sodium-sulfur energy storage technology in hybrid renewable power systems, IEEE Access 9 (2021) 162962–162972
• [58] M. N. Tur, ö. F. ErtuĞrul and M. R. Tur, "Comparison of Energy Storage Technologies in Smart Grids, Implementation Challenges of Vanadium Technique," 2022 Global Energy Conference (GEC), Batman, Turkey, 2022, pp. 395-401, doi: 10.1109/GEC55014.2022.9987133.
• [59] Tur, M. R., & Bayindir, R. (2020, July). Comparison of Power Quality Distortion Types and Methods Used in Classification. In 2020 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Smart Power System and Sustainable Energy (CISPSSE) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.Hadj Arab A., B. Ait Driss, R. Amimeur, E. Lorenzo, 1995, Photovoltaic systems sizing for Algeria, Sol. Energy 54 (2) , 99–104
• [60] Tur, M. R. ,2020, Reliability assessment of distribution power system when considering energy storage configuration technique. IEEE Access, 8, 77962-77971