A Single-Stage Smart Driver with Automatic Dimming Capability for Multiple LED Strings Biased from a Single Point

Year 2021, , 23 - 31, 21.06.2021

Fırat Aydemir , Mehmet Ebeoğlu

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698418

Abstract

In this study, a driver system for high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is presented. The proposed driver system is based on flyback converter topology, and it uses single-stage power factor correction with microcontroller support. The driver has two main parts; a source for an LED array, and a control unit including sensors. Instead of using conventional constant voltage or constant current driver topologies, the proposed system adjusts the output voltage by considering the LED parameters, the number of serial and parallel LEDs on the load array, and the data from sensors. Via the current sensor, the output current is measured at specific periods and limited by the microcontroller according to the LED load. Moreover, the microcontroller can detect an open circuit condition on the LED array by following current changes. A temperature sensor and a light-dependent resistor (LDR) are used to increase the lifetime of LEDs.

Keywords

LED, LED Driver, Smart Driver, LED Life, LED Array

References

• [1]Y. Wang, J. M. Alonso and X. Ruan, "A Review of LED Drivers and Related Technologies," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 5754-5765, July 2017.
• [2]M. R. Krames, O. B. Shchekin, R. Mueller-Mach, G. O. Mueller, L. Zhou, G. Harbers, and M. G. Craford, "Status and Future of High-Power Light-Emitting Diodes for Solid-State Lighting," Display Technology, Journal of, vol.3, no.2, pp.160,175, June 2007.
• [3]Yan-Cun Li; Chen, Chern-Lin, "A Novel Single-Stage High-Power-Factor AC-to-DC LED Driving Circuit With Leakage Inductance Energy Recycling," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol.59, no.2, pp.793,802, Feb. 2012.
• [4]Moschopoulos, G.; Jain, P., "Single-phase single-stage power-factor-corrected converter topologies," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol.52, no.1, pp.23 -35, Feb. 2005.
• [5]J. Lee, J. Kwon, E. Kim, W. Choi and B. Kwon, "Single-Stage Single-Switch PFC Flyback Converter Using a Synchronous Rectifier," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 1352-1365, March 2008.
• [6]Y. Wang, J. Huang, G. Shi, W. Wang and D. Xu, "A Single-Stage Single-Switch LED Driver Based on the Integrated SEPIC Circuit and Class-E Converter," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 5814-5824, Aug. 2016.
• [7]B. Poorali and E. Adib, "Analysis of the Integrated SEPIC-Flyback Converter as a Single-Stage Single-Switch Power-Factor-Correction LED Driver," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 3562-3570, June 2016.
• [8]X. Liu, Q. Yang, Q. Zhou, J. Xu and G. Zhou, "Single-Stage Single-Switch Four-Output Resonant LED Driver With High Power Factor and Passive Current Balancing," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 4566-4576, June 2017.
• [9]B. Poorali, E. Adib and H. Farzanehfard, "A Single-Stage Single-Switch Soft-Switching Power-Factor-Correction LED Driver," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 7932-7940, Oct. 2017.
• [10]C. Moo, Y. Chen, S. Member, and W. Yang, "An Efficient Driver for Dimmable LED Lighting," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 4613–4618, 2012.
• [11]S. Li, S. Tan, C. K. Lee, E. Waffenschmidt, S. Y. Hui and C. K. Tse, "A survey, classification, and critical review of light-emitting diode drivers," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 1503-1516, Feb. 2016.
• [12]R. Zhang; H. Chung; "Transformer-Isolated Resonant Driver for Parallel Strings with Robust Balancing and Stabilization of Individual LED Current," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol.29, no.7, pp.3694-3708, Jul. 2014.
• [13]S. N. Li, W. X. Zhong, W. Chen and S. Y. R. Hui, "Novel Self-Configurable Current-Mirror Techniques for Reducing Current Imbalance in Parallel Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Strings," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 2153-2162, April 2012.
• [14]S. Li and S. Y. Ron Hui, "Self-Configurable Current-Mirror Circuit With Short-Circuit and Open-Circuit Fault Tolerance for Balancing Parallel Light-Emitting Diode (LED) String Currents," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 5498-5507, Oct. 2014.
• [15]Y. Yu, F. Zhang and J. Ni, "Capacitor clamped current sharing circuit for multi-string LEDs," 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Raleigh, NC, 2012, pp. 3568-3574.
• [16]Y. Hu and M. M. Jovanovic, "LED Driver With Self-Adaptive Drive Voltage," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 3116-3125, Nov. 2008.
• [17]X. Liu, Q. Yang, Q. Zhou, J. Xu and G. Zhou, "Single-Stage Single-Switch Four-Output Resonant LED Driver with High Power Factor and Passive Current Balancing," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 4566-4576, June 2017.
• [18]J. Yeon, D. Kim, K. Cho, and H. Kim, "A single stage flyback power supply unit for LED lighting applications," Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2009. ELECO 2009. International Conference on, vol., no., pp.I-288, I-292, 5-8 Nov. 2009.
• [19]P. S. Almeida, V. C. Bender, H. A. C. Braga, M. A. Dalla Costa, T. B. Marchesan and J. M. Alonso, "Static and Dynamic Photoelectrothermal Modeling of LED Lamps Including Low-Frequency Current Ripple Effects," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 3841-3851, July 2015.
• [20]Narendran, N.; Gu, Y., "Life of LED-based white light sources," Journal of Display Technology, vol.1, no.1, pp.167,171, Sept. 2005.
• [21]Alliance for Solid-State Illumination Systems and Technologies (ASSIST), ASSIST Recommends: LED Life for General Lighting, Lighting Research Center, vol.1, no.1, February 2005.
• [22]E.Fred Schubert, "Light-Emitting Diodes", pp. 104-107, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
• [23]Garcia, J.; Dalla-Costa, M.A.; Cardesin, J.; Alonso, J.M.; Rico-Secades, M., "Dimming of High-Brightness LEDs by Means of Luminous Flux Thermal Estimation," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol.24, no.4, pp.1107-1114, April 2009.
• [24]X. Perpiñà et al., "Thermal Analysis of LED Lamps for Optimal Driver Integration," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 3876-3891, July 2015.
• [25]Gacio, D.; Alonso, J.M.; Garcia, J.; Campa, L.; Crespo, M.J.; Rico-Secades, M., "PWM Series Dimming for Slow-Dynamics HPF LED Drivers: The High-Frequency Approach," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol.59, no.4, pp.1717,1727, April 2012.
• [26]Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC with 2.1 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor, Allegro microsystems, ACS712 product datasheet, rev.14, pp. 5-9, 2011.