Çevrimdışı Tatil: Dijital Detoks İçin Ekoturizm

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 15.05.2022

Yunus Topsakal , Abdurrahman Dinç

Abstract

Turizm endüstrisi, teknolojinin uygulanıp hızla benimsendiği bir laboratuvar gibidir. Bundan dolayı birinci endüstri devriminin hızlandırdığı turizm endüstrisini, günümüzde içinde olduğumuz dördüncü endüstri devrimi şekillendirmeye devam etmektedir. Fakat aşırı teknoloji kullanımı bireylerde stres, depresyon, uykusuzluk gibi sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, günümüzde insanoğlunun her zaman yanında olan teknolojiden uzak tatil yapması gündeme gelmeye başlamıştır. Nasıl önceki devrimlerin sonucu olarak insanoğlu arabalar, kirlilik gibi sorunlardan dolayı tatil ihtiyacı duymuşsa, şu anki dördüncü endüstri devriminde teknolojiden uzak tatil ihtiyacı hissetmiştir. İnsanlar günlük hayatlarından uzaklaşmak, yeni deneyimlerle öğrenerek ve dinlenerek yenilenmek amacıyla tatile çıkmaktadır. Bu noktada teknolojiden uzak tatil, dijital detoks kavramı ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı, çevrimdışı olarak dijital detoks kapsamında ekoturizmi inceleyip öneriler sunmaktır. Araştırma nitel bir çalışmadır. Örnek olay olarak dijital detoks hizmeti sağlayan bazı ekoturizm sağlayıcıları incelenmiştir. Ekoturizmin, halihazırda doğa ve kültür ile iç içe olması, dijital detoks için hazır bir pazar olarak görülmesini sağlamaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda stresi azaltarak gerçek dünyadaki sosyal etkileşime ve doğa etkileşimine odaklanmak için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Çevrimdışı Tatil, Dijital Detoks, Ekoturizm

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışma, 30 Eylül - 02 Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında Uluslararası Turizmde Yükselen Eğilimler Kongresi'nde sunulmuş ve özet bildiri olarak yayınlanmıştır.

Offline Vacation: Ecotourism for Digital Detox

Abstract

Tourism industry is like a laboratory where technology is applied and rapidly adopted. Therefore, the fourth industrial revolution continues to shape the tourism industry, which was accelerated by the first industrial revolution. However, excessive use of technology creates problems, such as stress, depression and insomnia. Therefore, nowadays, it has started to come to the fore to take a vacation away from technology, which is always with human beings. As a result of previous revolutions, people needed a vacation due to problems, such as cars and pollution, but in the current fourth industrial revolution, human beings felt the need to stay away from technology. People go on vacation to get away from their daily lives, to renew themselves by learning with new experiences and resting. At this point, a holiday away from technology comes up with the concept of digital detox. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to examine and recommend ecotourism as a digital detox. The research is a qualitative study. As a case study, some ecotourism providers providing digital detox services were examined. Since ecotourism is already intertwined with nature and culture, it can be seen as a ready market for digital detox. As a result, suggestions were made to focus on real-world social interaction and nature interaction by reducing stress.

Keywords

Offline Vacation, Digital Detox, Ecotourism

References

• Amez, S. ve Baert, S. (2020). Smartphone Use and Academic Performance: A Literature Review. International Journal of Educational Research, 103, 101618.
• Bianchi, A. ve Philips, J. G. (2005). Psychological Predictors of Problem Mobile Phone Use. CyberPsychology and Behavior , 8(1), 39-51.
• Brown, L. ve Kuss, D. J. (2020). Fear of Missing Out, Mental Wellbeing, and Social Connectedness: A Seven-day Social Media Abstinence Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4566
• Buhalis, D. (2000). Information Technology in Tourism: Past, Present and Future. Tourism Recreation Research, 25(1), 41-58.
• Cai, W., McKenna, B. ve Waizenegger, L. (2020). Turning it Off: Emotions in Digital-free Travel. Journal of Travel Research, 59(5), 909-927.
• Can, İ. I. ve Iflazoğlu, N. (2021). Digital Detox Tourism Against Post-Modernity. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 6(1), 7-15.
• Can, İ. I., Çulcuoğlu, S. ve Erbil, E. (2019). Türkiye’de Dijital Detoks Algısı ve Turizmin Bir Dijital Detoks Aracı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. VI. Yıldız Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi (ss. 1521-1537). İstanbul: Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
• Chen, C. C., Huang, W. J., Gao, J. ve Petrick, J. F. (2018). Antecedents and Consequences of Work-related Smartphone Use on Vacation: An Exploratory Study of Taiwanese Tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 57(6), 743–756.
• Cohen, S. A., Prayag, G. ve Moital, M. (2014). Consumer Behaviour in Tourism: Concepts, Influences and Opportunities. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(10), 872–909.
• Dickinson, J. E., Hibbert, J. F. ve Filimonau, V. (2016). Mobile Technology and Tourist Experience: (Dis)connection at The Campsite. Tourism Management, 57, 193-201.
• Duke, E. ve Montag, C. (2017). Smartphone Addiction, Daily Interruptions and Self-reported Productivity. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 6, 90–95.
• Duncan, B. M. (2014). Digital Detox, Mindfulness, and Art Museums. Drexel: Drexel University.
• Egger, I., Lei, S. I. ve Wassler, P. (2020). Digital Free Tourism–An Exploratory Study of Tourist Motivations. Tourism Management, 79, Article 104098.
• Emek, M. (2014). Digital Detox for the Holidays: Are We Addicted? International Conference on Tourism Transport & Technology ICTTT 2014 (ss. 1-8). Doğuş Üniversitesi.
• Eşği, N. (2014). Aile-Çocuk İnternet Bağımlılık Ölçeği'nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 22(2), 807-839.
• Fan, D. X., Buhalis, D. ve Lin, B. (2019). A Tourist Typology of Online and Face-to-Face Social Contact: Destination Immersion and Tourism Encapsulation/Decapsulation. Annals of Tourism Research, 78, Article 102757.
• Ferraro, G., Caci, B., D’amico, A. ve Blasi, M. D. (2007). Internet Addiction Disorder: An Italian Study. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 10(2), 170–175.
• Floros, C., Cai, W., McKenna, B. ve Ajeeb, D. (2021). Imagine Being Off-the-Grid: Millennials’ Perceptions of Digital-free Travel. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(5), 751-766
• Hoving, K. (2017). Digital Detox Tourism: Why Disconnect ? What are The Motives of Dutch Tourists to Undertake a Digital Detox Holiday ? Umea University, Faculty of Sosial Sciences,. Unpublished Master Thesis. Sweden: Human Geography.
• İnal, E. E., Demİrcİ, K., Çetintürk, A., Akgönül, M. ve Savaş, S. (2015). Effects of Smartphone Overuse on Hand Function, Pinch Strength, and the Median Nerve. Muscle & Nerve, 52(2), 183-188.
• Karapetsas, A. V., Karapetsas, V. A., Zygouris, N. C. ve Fotis, A. I. (2015). Internet Addiction and Loneliness. Encephalos, 52, 4-9.
• Kirillova, K. ve Wang, D. (2016). Smartphone (Dis)connectedness and Vacation Recovery. Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 157-169.
• Krippendorf, J. (1986). The New Tourist-Turning Point for Leisure and Travel. Tourism Management, 7(2), 131-135.
• Kuntsman, A., ve Miyake, E. (2015). Paradoxes of Digital Dis/engagement: A Pilot Study (Concept Exploration). UK: Working Papers of The Communities and Culture Network.
• Lalicic, L. ve Weismayer, C. (2018). Being Passionate about the Mobile While Travelling. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(8), 950-963.
• Lehto, X. Y. (2013). Assessing the Perceived Restorative Qualities of Vacation Destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 52(3), 325-339.
• Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E. ve Karpinski, A. C. (2014). The Relationship between Cell Phone Use, Academic Performance, Anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in College Students. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 343-350.
• Leung, L. (2004). Net-generation Attributes and Seductive Properties of the Internet as Predictors of Online Activities and Internet Addiction. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 333-348.
• Leung, L. ve Lee, P. S. (2012). The Influences of Information Literacy, Internet Addiction and Parenting Styles on Internet Risks. New Media and Society, 14(1), 117-136.
• Li, J. (2019). No Signal Here: Self-development and An Optimal Experience from Digital-free Tourism. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Douglas: James Cook University.
• Li, J., Pearce, P. L. ve Low, D. (2018). Media Representation of Digital-free Tourism: A Critical Discourse Analysis. Tourism Management, 69, 317-329.
• Mclntyre, E., Wiener, K. K. ve Saliba, A. (2015). Complusive Internet Use and Relations Between Social Connectedness and Introversion. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 569-574.
• Miksch, L. ve Schulz, C. (2018). Disconnect to Reconnect: The Phenomenon of a Digital Detox as a Reaction to Technology Overload. Unpublished Master Thesis, Lund: Lund University.
• Minghetti, V. ve Buhalis, D. (2010). Digital Divide in Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 267-281.
• Morgan, C. ve Cotten, S. (2003). The Relationship Between Internet Activities and Depressive Symptoms in a Sample of College Freshmen. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 6(2), 133-142.
• Neuhofer, B. (2016). Value Co-creation and Co-destruction in Connected Tourist Experiences. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2016 (pp. 779–792). Cham: Springer.
• Neuhofer, B. ve Ladkin, A. (2017). (Dis)connectivity in the Travel Context: Setting an Agenda for Research. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017 (pp. 347–359). Cham: Springer.
• Oxford Dictionaries. (2021). Definition of Digital Detox in English. Erişim linki http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/digital-detox (erişim tarihi: 15/12/2021).
• Pekyaman, A., Kılıç, G. ve Yılmaz, H. (2015). Teknolojik Otellere Karşı Detoks Otelleri: Afyonkarahisar'da Uygulanabilirliği Üzerine Bir Araştırma. 1. Avrasya Uluslarası Turizm Kongresi Güncel Konular (ss. 568-582), Konya.
• Smith, M. ve Kelly, C. (2006). Wellness Tourism. Tourism Recreation Research, 31(1), 1-4.
• Smith, M. ve Puczko, L. (2015). More Than a Special Interest: Defining and Determining The Demand for Health Tourism. Tourism Receation Research, 40(2), 205-219.
• Sousa, B. M. (2017). Digital Detox. Unpublished Doctoral Sissertation. Lisbon: Universidade Europeia.
• Syvertsen, T. (2017). “Caught in the Net”: Online and Social Media Disappointment and Detox. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Syvertsen, T. (2020). Introduction: Do we Have a Problem? in Digital Detox: The Politics of Disconnecting. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
• Syvertsen, T. ve Enli, G. (2020). Digital Detox: Media Resistance And the Promise of Authenticity. Convergence, 26(6), 1269-1283.
• Tanti, A. ve Buhalis, D. (2017). The Influences and Consequences of Being Digitally Connected and/or Disconnected to Travellers. Information Technology & Tourism, 17(1), 121-141.
• Techopedia. (2018). What Does Digital Detox Mean ? Techopedia - The IT Education Site. Erişim linki https://www.techopedia.com/definition/15418/digital-detox, (erişim tarihi: 15/12/2021).
• Thomee, S. (2018). Mobile Phone Use and Mental Health: A Review of the Research that Takes a Psychological Perspective on Exposure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2692.
• Twenge, J. M. (2017). IGen: Why Today’s Super Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood and What That Means for the Rest of Us. New York: Atria Books.
• Upadhyay, S. ve Mishra, A. (2017). Travelers Impact and Consequences of Digitally Connected or Disconnected in Indian Tourism. International Journal of Management and Fuzzy Systems, 23(6), 80-86.
• Wang, D., Xiang, Z. ve Fesenmaier, D. R. (2016). Smartphone Use in Everyday Life and Travel. Journal of Travel Research, 55(1), 52-63.
• Willis, C., Ladkin, A., Jain, J. ve Clayton, W. (2017). Present Whilst Absent: Home and the Business Tourist Gaze. Annals of Tourism Research, 63, 48-59.
• Yeşilay (2021). Teknoloji Bağımlılığı Hasta Ediyor. Erişim linki https://www.yesilay.org.tr/tr/makaleler/teknoloji-bagimliligi-hasta-ediyor (erişim tarihi: 15/12/2021).