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The Implications U-Boat Commerce Warfare In World Wars

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 173 - 182, 22.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.38000/juhis.570649

Abstract

The development of weapon technologies had reached remarkable momentum with the industrial age. One of these new weapons systems is the submarines. The navies were originally planned to be used for coastal defense purposes only because of their insufficient capacities. But submarines have been transformed into a serious striking force by increasing their capacities and range thanks to generators operating with steel, battery, and gasoline. In the First World War, the Germans used the submarines for the first time in order to attack the enemy logistic convoys in the high seas instead of the coastal protection mission. In 1917, this new war concept would force the United Kingdom to surrender, which would almost succeed. At this point, the comparative analysis of the German Navy's success with the U-Boats in the first and second world wars will be examined in this study.

References

  • [1] Ambrose, S. E., & King, E. J. (1970). Seapower in World Wars I and II., Naval War College Review, 40(7), 26-40.
  • [2] Art, R. J. (1973). The Influence Of Foreign Policy On Seapower: New Weapons And Weltpolitik In Wilhelminian Germany, Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
  • [3] Assmann, K. (1950, July). Why U-Boat Warfare Failed, Foreign Affairs, 659-670.
  • [4] Edwyn, G. (1972). The Killing Time: The U-Boat War, 1914-18, London: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  • [5] Elleman, B. A., & Payne, C. M. (2013). Commerce Raiding: Historical Case Studies, 1755-2009, New Port: Naval War College Press.
  • [6] Halpern, P. G. (1994). The Naval Balance in 1914. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
  • [7] Koerver, H. J. (2010). German Submarine Warfare 1914-1918 in the Eyes of British Intelligence, Seiten: LIS Reinisch.
  • [8] Lautenschlager, K. (Winter, 1986-1987). The Submarine in Naval Warfare, 1901-2001, International Security, 11(3), 94-140.
  • [9] Massie, R. K. (2003). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea, New York: Random House.
  • [10] Merriman, J. M. (2004). In a History of Modern Europe: Renaissance to the Present, New York: W. W. Norton.
  • [11] Parker, G. (1995). The Cambridge Illustrated History of Warfare, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • [12] Tarrant, V. E. (1989). The U-Boat Offensive 1914-1945, Annapolis: US Naval Institute Press.
  • [13] Topuz, S. (2016). Modern Deniz Harbini ve Denizler İçin Mücadeleyi Anlamak, Ankara: Alibi Yayıncılık.
  • [14] Weir, G. E. (1984). Tirpitz, Technology and Building U-Boats, 1897-1916, The International History Review, 6(2), 174-190.

İki Dünya Savaşında U Sınıfı Denizaltı Ticari Savaşı Çıkarımları

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 173 - 182, 22.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.38000/juhis.570649

Abstract

Endüstriyel çağın başlamasıyla birlikte silah teknolojilerinin gelişimi önemli bir ivmeye ulaşmıştır. Bu yeni silah sistemlerinden biri de kuşkusuz denizaltılardır. Donanmalar denizaltıları ilk olarak yetersiz kapasitelerinden dolayı ancak kıyı savunma görevinde kullanılmak üzere planlamışlardır. Fakat Denizaltılar, zamanla çelik, batarya ve benzin ile çalışan jeneratörler sayesinde kapasiteleri ve menzilleri artırılarak ciddi bir vurucu güç haline getirilmiştir. Birinci Dünya Savaşında, Almanlar, denizaltıların kullanım konseptinde değişiklik yaparak, ilk defa bu silah sistemlerini kıyı koruma görevi yerine açık denizlerde düşman lojistik konvoylarına saldırma amacıyla kullanmışlardır. 1917 yılında bu yeni savaş konsepti neredeyse amacına ulaşacak Birleşik Krallığı teslim olmaya zorlayacaktı. İkinci Dünya Savaşında da aynı savaş konseptini belirlemesine rağmen Alman denizaltıları bir önceki savaşta elde ettiği başarıya ulaşamamıştır. İşte bu noktada Alman Donanmasının hem birinci hem de ikinci dünya savaşında U-Boat'ları ile yürüttüğü ticari savaşın arzu edilen hedefe ulaşmada ne kadar başarılı olduğunu, alınan kararların ve teknolojik gelişmelerin bu çalışmada karşılaştırmalı analiz yapılarak incelenecektir.

References

  • [1] Ambrose, S. E., & King, E. J. (1970). Seapower in World Wars I and II., Naval War College Review, 40(7), 26-40.
  • [2] Art, R. J. (1973). The Influence Of Foreign Policy On Seapower: New Weapons And Weltpolitik In Wilhelminian Germany, Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
  • [3] Assmann, K. (1950, July). Why U-Boat Warfare Failed, Foreign Affairs, 659-670.
  • [4] Edwyn, G. (1972). The Killing Time: The U-Boat War, 1914-18, London: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  • [5] Elleman, B. A., & Payne, C. M. (2013). Commerce Raiding: Historical Case Studies, 1755-2009, New Port: Naval War College Press.
  • [6] Halpern, P. G. (1994). The Naval Balance in 1914. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
  • [7] Koerver, H. J. (2010). German Submarine Warfare 1914-1918 in the Eyes of British Intelligence, Seiten: LIS Reinisch.
  • [8] Lautenschlager, K. (Winter, 1986-1987). The Submarine in Naval Warfare, 1901-2001, International Security, 11(3), 94-140.
  • [9] Massie, R. K. (2003). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea, New York: Random House.
  • [10] Merriman, J. M. (2004). In a History of Modern Europe: Renaissance to the Present, New York: W. W. Norton.
  • [11] Parker, G. (1995). The Cambridge Illustrated History of Warfare, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • [12] Tarrant, V. E. (1989). The U-Boat Offensive 1914-1945, Annapolis: US Naval Institute Press.
  • [13] Topuz, S. (2016). Modern Deniz Harbini ve Denizler İçin Mücadeleyi Anlamak, Ankara: Alibi Yayıncılık.
  • [14] Weir, G. E. (1984). Tirpitz, Technology and Building U-Boats, 1897-1916, The International History Review, 6(2), 174-190.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Bülent Yazıcı 0000-0002-2175-2557

Publication Date June 22, 2019
Submission Date May 27, 2019
Acceptance Date June 17, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yazıcı, B. (2019). The Implications U-Boat Commerce Warfare In World Wars. Journal of Universal History Studies, 2(1), 173-182. https://doi.org/10.38000/juhis.570649

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