Abstract
In Arabic grammar there are a group of words that differ in terms of their properties and shapes from the adjectives formed from the verbs which are similar to the verbal adjectives in Turkish. Those types of adjectives are called in Arab grammar present tense verbal adjectives (participle I) and past tense verbal adjectives (participle II). Grammatical categories of verbal adjectives are widely used both in classical and modern Arabic grammar. Problems of using of those types of verbal adjectives in Arabic, as well as the methods of their expressions are analyzed in the article.
The research reveals that the use of the verbal adjectives and nominal adjectives in Arabic grammar is very common. Participle I and participle II in Arabic grammar are called verbal adjectives (ism-i mefûl) in Turkish, those words are used as adjectives and define the words they represent. Since the verbal adjectives in Arabic grammar have verb features, they are followed by verbs. İt is especially very common in modern Arabic language that the action of the verbal adjectives are more closely related to the present tense and play the role of the verb in present tense in the sentence. In Arabic grammar, the present tense )fâil( and the past tense )mefûl( are used to denote verbal adjectives. In Arabic grammar the verb in the present tense is called “ismi fail” and in the past tense – “ism-i-mefûl”.
In general, since the adjectives verbs, which are the subject of our article, have both adjective and verb features, we tried to touch them both directions in our article. The Arabic language is divided into three main parts and consists of the verb, noun and letters, at the same time, the examining adjectives in this language within the noun group and in this respect, it should not be forgotten that adjective verbs change in terms of genus, number, will, certainty or uncertainty like any name. Likewise, this group of words can bet on themselves like a noun, they can take the exclamation marks and the letter-i cer in front of them. In the paper, the time characteristics of adjective verbs, their positive and negative aspects, their active and passive formations, reporting the grammatical varieties of the verb and the ability to gather words around and manage them in the sentence and has shown their reflections in Arabic language. The properties of adjective verbs that belong to the adjective are also trying to be taken into account. In particular, both adjectives and adjective verbs declare the sign and quality of an item and their affiliation with the noun,sometimes it becomes exactly the noun and and sometimes have an object in sentences also is seen in the Arabic language.
The adjectives in Arabic constitute an interest with the nouns that follow it such kind of properties are known to report as a compound adjective. Sometimes, ink adjectives can be made by name + noun within the scope of relativity.
In this paper, as a result of combining adjective verbs with noun to creating compound adjective and it mention the common use of these adjectives in Arabic language. The differences that distinguish adjective verbs in Arabic language from arbitrary, omen, color and other adjective types are emphasized and their main methods of expression are discussed one by one. In the article, are not discussed only the adjective verbs made from simple verbs, but also was examined the adjective-verbs which made from corrective verbs, at the same time, examples are presented in the form of a table and attention is paid to the functions they undertake in the sentence. While giving examples, attention was paid to include nouns and phrases made from each of the verbs divided by the type of root letters in Arabic. Withal, it is assumed that some adjective models that report exaggeration in the Arabic language will act as adjective verbs, and even sometimes the adjective verbs acting as a conjunction in Arabic language and has been generalized in the light of our own perspective and knowledge.
At the same time, the most common features of the verbal adjectives in Arabic language were investigated in the article.