Evaluation of Cardiac Findings Before Laboratory-Based Polysomnography

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 231 - 236, 30.12.2023

Gülay Aydın

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the demographic characteristics of the patients who applied to the Cardiology Out-patient Clinic before laboratory-based polysomnography was performed.
Material and Method: 123 adult patients undergoing laboratory-based polysomnography were included in this retrospective study. The demographic features of the patients were recorded. Routine laboratory tests, electrocardiography (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, cardiovascular stress test, and laboratory-based polysomnography were performed in the same hospital. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
Results: In this study, we found the following patient findings. The mean age of the patients was 49±1.61 years. The majority of the patients were in the middle age group. Forty-two (34.10%) patients were female and 81 (65.90%) were male. Normal AHI value was detected in 5 (4.2%) patients. Mild OSAS was detected in 30 (24.2%) of the patients, moderate OSAS in 24 (18.9%), and severe OSAS in 64 (51.6%). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device report was given to 67 (54.7%) of the patients. The most accompanying comorbidity of the patients was hypertension (HT). There was a weak positive correlation between AHI and HT; r=0.280, N=95, and the relationship was statistically significant (p=0.006). Nine (7.30%) of the patients were newly diagnosed with hypertension. Invasive coronary angiography was recommended for two (1.6%) patients with positive test results, and coronary computed tomographic angiography was recommended for four (3.2%) patients. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was recommended to nine (7.3%) patients who could not perform cardiovascular stress tests.
Conclusion: Cardiac evaluation should be performed before laboratory-based polysomnography is performed. Electrocardiography and TTE recording should be performed on the patients, and 24-hour ABPM should be inserted. Additional tests should be performed to investigate ischemia in patients with myocardial ischemia findings.

Keywords

obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, polysomnography, cardiology

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