Ücretsiz Üç Görsel Programlama Ortamının İncelenmesi ve Karşılaştırılması

Year 2019, Volume: 27 Issue: 6, 2701 - 2712, 15.11.2019

Kadir Yücel Kaya , İsmail Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3640

Abstract

Bu çalışma popüler ücretsiz üç görsel
programlama ortamının incelenmesini ve karşılaştırmasını hedeflemektedir.
Bahsedilen üç farklı ortamı diğer ücretsiz ortamlar arasından seçerken ücretsiz,
popüler, ve üretken olması ölçütleri dikkate alınmıştır. Birçok ortam
incelendikten sonra MIT App Inventor, Scratch ve Microsoft Kodu Game Lab
seçilmiştir. App Inventor ve Scratch ücretsiz ve açık kaynak kodlu ortamlarken,
Microsoft Kodu sadece ücretsizdir. Seçilen üç ortam kullanılarak ve incelenerek
araştırılmış, ayrıca araştırma alanyazın taraması ile desteklenmiştir. Bu
çalışmanın sonuçlarının öğretmen, eğitmen ve öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarına uygun
bir görsel programlama ortamı seçmede yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Ortamların incelenmesi, Kodu’nun ilkokul düzeyindeki öğrenciler için daha uygun
olduğu sonucunu ortaya koyarken, Scratch’in hedef kitlesinin benzer fakat daha
üst yaş kitlesini de içerdiğini göstermiştir. Bu ikisi arasındaki diğer bir
fark Kodu’nun tek ürünü 3 boyutlu oyunlarken, Scratch 2 boyutlu oyun ve
animasyonlar üretebilmektedir. App Inventor ise ortaokul ve daha üst yaş
kitlesini hedeflemekte ve App Inventor’da Android işletim sistemi için mobil
uygulamalar geliştirilebilmektedir. Scratch ve App Inventor aynı blok tabanlı
kütüphaneyi kullanmakta ve bu ikisi değişkenler, koşullu ifadeler, ve döngüler
gibi temel programlama kavramlarını öğretmeye daha uygun bulunmuştur. Seçilen
üç ortamın kendilerine özel avantajları ve kendi hedef kitlelerine yönelik
özellikleri olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma seçilen ortamların önemli
farklılıkları ve özelliklerini araştırmıştır. 

Keywords

app inventor, görsel programlama, kodu, scratch, ücretsiz programlama ortamları

Comparing Three Free to Use Visual Programming Environments for Novice Programmers

Abstract

This study aims to examine and compare
three popular free-to-use visual programming environments. While choosing three
environments among other visual programming environments, three criteria were
taken into account which are being completely free, popular, and productive.
After reviewing several environments, MIT’s App Inventor, Scratch and
Microsoft’s Kodu Game Lab were chosen. While App Inventor and Scratch are free
and open source environments, Microsoft’s Kodu is only free to use. Selected
three environments were investigated through using and examining the
environments and literature review. Outcomes of this study can help teachers,
instructors and students to choose a relevant visual programming environment
based on their needs. Review of the environments showed that while Kodu is more
relevant for elementary students, Scratch’s target group are similar but also
includes higher age range. Another difference between them was that Kodu’s sole
purpose is to develop games in 3D, Scratch is used for 2D games and animations.
App Inventor, on the other hand, targets middle school and higher age range to
develop mobile applications for Android OS. Scratch and App Inventor uses the
same block-based library which is more relevant to teach basic programming
concepts such as variables, conditional expressions, and loops than Microsoft’s
Kodu. Selected three environments have the advantages of their own and features
specifically for their target audience and products. This study investigated
the important differences and features of the selected environments.

Keywords

app inventor, free programming environments, kodu, scratch, visual programming

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