Türk Konut Piyasası Yeni Şeklini Nasıl Alıyor?

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 1491 - 1501, 15.12.2022

Yahya Aydın , Alkan Ustun

https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1105282

Abstract

Ev sahibi olmak, dünyadaki birçok toplumda yaygın ve kabul edilebilir olarak görülen bir talep iken, toplumların tüm üyelerinin kendi mülklerine kolayca erişmesi çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı mümkün değildir. Bu durum Türkiye'de de yaygın olarak deneyimlenen bir olgudur ve Türkiye'de 2013'ten bu yana ev sahibi olma oranlarında sürekli bir düşüşün varlığı gözlenmektedir. Resmi ve bağımsız istatistiklere göre Türkiye'de ev almak her yıl daha da zorlaşmaktadır. Bu makale, temel araştırma sorusunu cevaplamak için Türk konut piyasasını mevcut durumunu incelemektedir. Ev sahipliği ve kiracılığın oransal dağılımı açısından Türkiye konut piyasasını etkileyen temel faktörler nelerdir sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Araştırma Türk konut piyasası hakkında bilgi veren ikincil veri üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, konut piyasasındaki satın alma eğilimlerinde hem ulusal hem de küresel faktörler rol oynamaktadır. Enflasyon ve finansal sorunlar, satın alma gücünün düşmesi, artan inşaat maliyetleri, göç olgusu ve konut tüketicilerinin satın alma davranışları Türkiye'de konut piyasasını şekillendiren güncel faktörlerin başında gelmektedir.

Keywords

Ev sahipliği, Konut Piyasası, Eşitsizlik, Kentleşme, Türkiye.

How is the Turkish Housing Market Taking its New Shape?

Abstract

While being a homeowner is a common and acceptable demand in many societies around the world, it is not possible for all members of all societies to easily access their own property. This situation is a common experience in Turkey as well; indeed, there has been a steady decline in homeownership rates in Turkey since 2013. Based on official and independent statistics, buying a house is getting harder every year in Turkey. This paper will examine the current Turkish housing market to answer the research question: What are the key factors affecting the Turkish housing market in terms of distribution of homeownership and tenantry? The research basically relies on secondary data on the Turkish housing market. According to the findings obtained in the study, both national and global factors have played role in buying tendencies in the Turkish house market. Inflation and financial issues, a decrease in purchasing power, increased building costs, migration, and purchasing behaviours of housing consumers are amongst the more prominent factors dominating the housing market in Turkey.

Keywords

Home Ownership, Housing Market, Inequality, Urbanisation, Turkey.

References

• Aydın, Y., & Köse, M. (2021a). Covid-19 and Online Education: The Meaning and Function of Home for Higher Education Students. TYB Akademi Dil Edebiyat ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 33, 60– 78.
• Aydın, Y., & Köse, M. (2021b). Covid-19 Experience of Higher Education Students in Urban and Rural Areas. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 46, 337–354.
• Brenner, N., & Theodore, N. (2002). Cities as the Geographies of Actually Existing Neoliberalism. Antipode, 34(3), 349–379.
• Bryman, A. (2008). Social Research Methods (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
• Clarke, S. P., & S. Cossette. (2000). ‘Secondary Analysis: Theoretical, Methodological and Practical Considerations’. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 32 (3): 109–129.
• Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
• Dowling, R., & Mee, K. (2007). Home and Home Making in Contemporary Australia. Housing Theory and Society, 24(3), 161–165.
• Duyvendak, J. W. (2011). The Politics of Home. Nostalgia and Belonging in Western Europeand the United States. Palgrave Macmillan.
• Gurney, C. (2020). Out of Harm’s Way? Critical Remarks on Harm and the Meaning of Home During the 2020 Covid-19 Social Distancing Measures. https://housingevidence.ac.uk/ publications/out-of-harms-way/
• Harvey, D. (2001). Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography. Routledge.
• Harvey, D. (2010). The Enigma of Capital: And the Crises of Capitalism. Oxford University Press.
• Johnston, M. P. (2014). Secondary Data Analysis: A Method of which the Time Has Come. Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries, 3, 619–626.
• Lefebvre, H. (1976). The Survival of Capitalism Reproduction of the Relations of Production. St. Martin’s Press.
• Leyshon, A., & French, S. (2009). We all live in a Robbie Fowler House: The Geographies of the Buy to Let Market in the UK. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 11, 438–460.
• Mallett, S. (2004). Understanding home: A critical review of the literature. The Sociological Review, 52(1), 62–89.
• OECD. (2022a). Income Inequality Gini Coefficient Chart. OECD. https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm
• OECD. (2022b). International Migration Database. OECD. https://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?datasetcode=MIG&lang=en.
• Ronald, R. (2008). The ideology of home ownership: Homeowner societies and the role of housing. Palgrave Macmillan.
• Saunders, P. (1990). A Nation of Home Owners. Unwin Hyman.
• Saunders, P. (2016). Restoring a Nation of Home Owners. Civitas.
• Saunders, P., & Williams, P. (1988). The constitution of the home. Housing Studies, 3, 81–93.
• TurkStat. (2020). Uluslararası Göç İstatistikleri, 2019. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Uluslararasi-Goc-Istatistikleri-2019-33709
• TurkStat. (2021a). Doğum İstatistikleri, 2020. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dogum-Istatistikleri-2020-37229.
• TurkStat. (2021b). Purchasing Power Parity, 2020. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Purchasing-Power-Parity-2020-41131
• TurkStat. (2022a). Consumer Price Index, March 2022. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Consumer-Price-Index-March-2022- 45792&dil=2#:~:text=TURKSTAT%20Corporate&text=A%20rise%20in%20general%20index,by %2029.88%25%20in%20March%202022.
• TurkStat. (2022b). Evlenme ve Boşanma İstatistikleri, 2021. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Evlenme-ve-Bosanma-Istatistikleri-2021- 45568#:~:text=T%C3%9C%C4%B0K%20Kurumsal&text=Evlenen%20%C3%A7iftlerin%20say% C4%B1s%C4%B1%202020%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda,binde%206%2C68%20olarak%20ger%C 3%A7ekle%C5%9Fti.&text=Bo%C5%9Fanan%20%C3%A7iftlerin%20say%C4%B1s%C4%B1%20 2020%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda,y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20174%20bin%2085%20oldu
• TurkStat. (2022c). Construction Cost Index, April 2022. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Construction-Cost-Index-April-2022- 45625&dil=2#:~:text=TURKSTAT%20Corporate&text=In%20April%202022%2C%20constructio n%20cost,compared%20with%20the%20previous%20month.
• TurkStat. (2022d). House Sales Statistics, May 2022. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Konut-Satis-Istatistikleri-Aralik-2021-45672
• UNHCR. (2022). Türkiye’deki Mülteciler ve Sığınmacılar. https://www.unhcr.org/tr/turkiyedeki-multeciler-ve-siginmacilar