SİVİL (GİZLİ ZIRHLI) ARAÇ ZIRHLAMA VE SERAMİK KOMPOZİT ZIRH UYGULAMALARI

Year 2023, Volume: 2 Issue: 43, 473 - 492, 03.11.2023

Atanur Teoman , Engin Göde , Kürşat Tonbul , Halil İbrahim Şeker , Melih Cemal Kushan

https://doi.org/10.17134/khosbd.1248358

Abstract

Bu bildiride, sivil araç zırhlaması üzerine yapılan araştırmalar ve bu alanda kullanılmak üzere tasarlanan seramik kompozit bir zırhın balistik test sonuçları sunulmuştur. Günümüzün farklı mühimmat tehdit seviyelerine karşı askeri araçlarda olduğu gibi sivil araçlarda da zırhlama çok önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Ayrıca ağırlığın çok önemli bir tasarım kriteri olması nedeniyle hafif zırh sistemlerine olan talep de artmaktadır. Ağırlık, aracın yakıt tüketimini, motor gücünü ve ilgili diğer sistem gereksinimlerini artırır ve manevra kabiliyetini azaltır. Çalışmada sunulan bağımsız zırh, sivil araçlarda kullanılmak üzere geliştirilmiş ve zırh panelinin ağırlık kazancı, Ultra Yüksek Sertlikli (UHH) zırh çelikleri (Armox 600T ve Armox Advance) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Geliştirilen zırh, darbe yüzünde alümina (Al2O3) seramik karolardan ve son katmanda Ultra Yüksek Moleküler Ağırlıklı Polietilen (UHWMPE) kompozit destek plakasından oluşmaktadır ve 7.62 mm x 51 M61 AP mermiye karşı test edilmiştir. Hafif zırh panelinin beş atıştan sonra yapısal bütünlüğünü koruduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Geliştirilen zırh panelinin sivil zırhlı araçlar için 7.62 mm zırh delici mühimmatlara karşı hafif ve uygun maliyetli çözüm sağladığı değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

Alümina, Seramik Zırh, Bağımsız, M61 AP Mermi, Sivil Araç.

References

• Alpine Armoring. Armored Vehicles. https://www.alpineco.com/vehicles-we-armor/inventory
• Alpine Armoring. Design & Engineering Activities. https://www.alpineco.com/design-engineering/
• Alpine Armoring. What Makes an Armored Vehicle more Secure than Other Cars?. https://www.alpineco.com/blog/2/what-makes-an-armored-vehicle-more-secure-than-other-cars?
• Anadolu Ajansı, (2016). Bomb Blast Targets Afghan MP in Kabul. ( https://www.aa.com.tr/en/pg/photo-gallery/bomb-blast-targets-afghan-mp-in-kabul
• ArcelorMittal. Mars Steels for Military. Applications. https://industeel.arcelormittal.com/fichier/mars-protection-grades/
• Aurum Security, (2017). An explosion in the Diplomatic District of Kabul. https://www.aurum-security.de/en/about-us/news/372-an-explosion-in-the-diplomatic-district-of-kabul
• Aurum Security. Example of a regular not tested Armored vehicles. http://www.aurum-security.de/en/our-cars/short-summary.html
• Aurum Security. Level of Ballistic Protection. http://www.aurum-security.de/en/us-and-them/the-level-of-ballistic-protection
• Aurum Security. Protection Levels B1-B7 vs VPAM. http://www.aurum-security.de/en/standards/protection-levels-b1-b7-and-vpam.html
• Aurum Security, (2017). The explosion in the capital of Afghanistan. https://www.aurum-security.de/en/about-us/news/371-the-explosion-in-the-capital-of-afghanistan
• BMW. Protection Vehicles. https://www.bmw-special-sales.com/en/topics/protection-vehicles/overview.html
• Bürger, D., Faria, A.R., Almeida, S.F.M., Melo, F.C.L., & Donadon, M.V. (2012). Ballistic impact simulation of an armour-piercing projectile on hybrid ceramic/fiber reinforced composite armours. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 43, 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2011.12.001
• Crouch I.G. (2017). Introduction to Armour Materials. In: Crouch I.G., editor. The Science of Armour Materials. Duxford: Woodhead Publishing
• DEW Engineering and Development. Levels of Protection. https://dewpd.com/ballistic-door-panels/threat-levels
• DEW Engineering and Development. Technical Ceramics. https://dewpd.com/about
• Dunstan, S. (1984). Flak Jackets: 20th Century Military Body Armour. London: Osprey Publishing Ltd.
• Göde, E. (2020). A New Ceramic Based Detachable Modular External Vehicle Armor Design. [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation]. Eskisehir Osmangazi University
• Grujicic, M., Pandurangan, B., & d’Entremont, B. (2012). The role of adhesive in the ballistic/structural performance of ceramic/polymer–matrix composite hybrid armor. Materials&Design, 41, 380-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.05.023
• Hazell, P.J. (2015). Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design (1st Edition). BocaRaton: CRC Press.
• Kamel, H. (2017). Studying the trade-off between protection and mobility of armored vehicles. ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (p. 1-12)
• Kaufmann, C., Cronin, D., Worswick, M., Pageau, G., & and Beth, A. (2003). Influence of material properties on the ballistic performance of ceramics for personal body armour. Shock and Vibration, 10(1), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1155/2003/357637
• Khan, M.K., & Iqbal, M.A. (2022). Failure and fragmentation of ceramic target with varying geometric configuration under ballistic impact. Ceramics International, 48(18), 26147-26167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.05.297
• Lopez-Puente, J., Arias, A., Zaera, R., & Navarro, C. (2005). The effect of the thickness of the adhesive layer on the ballistic limit of ceramic/metal armours. An experimental and numerical study. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 32(1-4), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.07.014
• Makine ve Kimya Endüstrisi Inc. 7.62 mm x 51 Zırh Delici Ürün Detayı. https://urunler.mke.gov.tr/Urunler/7.62-mm-x-51-Z%C4%B1rh-Delici/30/260
• Marx, J., Portanova, M., & Rabiei, A. (2018). A study on blast and fragment resistance of composite metal foams through experimental and modeling approaches. Composite Structures, 194, 652-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.03.075
• Plasan. Armored Mercedes-Benz Sprinter Van. https://vehicles.plasan.com/car/armored-mercedes-benz-sprinter-van/
• Roberson, C.J. (1995). Ceramic materials and their use in lightweight armour systems. Lightweight Armour System Symposium. Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield, England
• Rolston, R.F., Bodine, E., & Dunleavy, J. (1968). Breakthrough in armor. Space/Aeronautics, 55-63
• Shield Armoring. Armoring Standarts. https://5.imimg.com/data5/WW/LL/YJ/SELLER-21681479/bmw-7-series-bullet-proof-car.pdf
• Solms-Laubach, V.F. (2014). Diplomatenautos nicht kugelsicher. https://www.bild.de/politik/inland/dienstwagen/panzerung-deutscherbotschaftsfahrzeuge-nicht-kugelsicher-36866334.bild.html
• Stewart, M.G., & Netherton, M.D. (2020). Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition. Defence Technology, 16(3), 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.10.013
• Teoman, A., Öğünç, G.İ., Göde, E., Tonbul, K., & Özer, V. (2022). Sivil araç zırhlama. K.Leblebicioğlu, R.O.Yıldırım, M.İ.Gökler, E. Ciğercioğlu, G.O.Özgen, A.G.Uluyurt (Eds.), In proceedings of SAVTEK 2022, 10. Savunma Teknolojileri Kongresi (547-557). Ankara.
• Türk Savunma Sanayii Ürün Kataloğu. Gizli Zırhlı Pickup. https://www.ssb.gov.tr/urunkatalog/tr/36/#zoom=z
• Türk Savunma Sanayii Ürün Kataloğu. Taktik Tekerlekli Araçlar. https://www.ssb.gov.tr/urunkatalog/tr/35/
• United States Goverment Accountability Office, (2017). Armored Commercial Vehicles. https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/685184.pdf
• Universal Defense for Military Equipment. Armored Cars. http://www.universal-defense.com/UD/Armory_files/6_Armoured_Cars.pdf
• Wikipedia, (2023). Armored Car (VIP). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armored_car_(VIP)
• Yogiata, S., & Kriti, K. Armoring The civilian. https://counteriedreport.com/articles/armoring-the-civilian/