THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE IN COVID-19 PANDEMIA

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 19 - 21, 30.12.2020

Meltem Koç , Kılıçhan Bayar

Abstract

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the respiratory pathogen SARS-CoV-2 virus. The World Health Organization and most governments have called on all individuals to stay at home in order to reduce the risk of disease transmission and to prevent sudden burdens on health systems. As a result, individuals of all ages, including children and young people, especially the elderly and individuals with chronic diseases, who are at high mortality risk for COVID-19, have faced a sudden sedentary life. Regular exercise (low or moderate intensity) and increased physical activity (>5000 steps/day) are essential to cope with the adverse effects on all systems in a short time due to physical inactivity, to maintain physical and mental health, and to avoid severe COVID-19 symptoms. In this review, it is aimed to draw attention to the importance of physical activity and exercise in the pandemic period and to give suggestions to individuals who want to gain regular physical activity behavior.

Keywords

COVID-19, Coronavirus, Physical activity, Exercise

COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTE VE EGZERSİZİN ÖNEMİ

Abstract

COVID-19, solunum yolu patojeni olan SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün neden olduğu bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın bulaşma riskinin azaltılması ve sağlık sistemlerine olan ani yüklenmelerin engellenmesi için Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve hükümetlerin çoğu, tüm bireylere evde kal çağrısı yapmıştır. Bunun sonucunda COVID-19 için mortalite riski yüksek olan yaşlılar ve kronik hastalığı olan bireyler başta olmak üzere, çocuklar ve gençler dahil her yaştan birey ani bir sedanter yaşamla karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Fiziksel inaktiviteye bağlı kısa süre içerisinde tüm sistemler üzerinde ortaya çıkan olumsuz etkilerle başa çıkabilmek, fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığı sürdürebilmek ve şiddetli COVID-19 semptomlarından kaçınmak için düzenli egzersiz (düşük veya orta yoğunlukta) ve artan fiziksel aktivite (>5000 adım/gün) şarttır. Bu derlemede fiziksel aktivite ve egzersizin pandemi dönemindeki önemine dikkat çekmek ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite davranışı kazanmak isteyen bireylere öneriler vermek amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

COVID-19, Koronavirüs, Fiziksel aktivite, Egzersiz

References

• 1. Singhal T. A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J Pediatr. 2020; 87(4): 281-286.
• 2. Perlman S, Netland J. Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009; 7(6): 439-450.
• 3. Ali SA, Baloch M, Ahmed N, et al. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-An emerging global health threat. J Infect Public Health. 2020; 13(4): 644-646.
• 4. Zayet S, Lepiller Q, Zahra H, et al. Clinical features of COVID-19 and influenza: a comparative study on Nord Franche-Comte cluster. Microbes and infection. 2020; 22(9): 481-488.
• 5. Clerkin KJ, Fried JA, Raikhelkar J, et al. COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2020; 141(20): 1648-1655.
• 6. World Health Organization [Internet]. https://covid19.who.int
• 7. Muniyappa R, Gubbi S. COVID-19 pandemic, coronaviruses, and diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020; 318(5): 736-741.
• 8. Wiersinga WJ, Rhodes A, Cheng AC, et al. Pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review. Jama. 2020; 324(8): 782-793.
• 9. Briscese G, Lacetera N, Macis M, et al. Compliance with covid-19 social-distancing measures in italy: the role of expectations and duration. NBER; 2020. Report No: 0898-2937.
• 10. Budak F, Korkmaz Ş. COVID-19 pandemi sürecine yönelik genel bir değerlendirme: Türkiye örneği. Sosyal Araştırmalar ve Yönetim Dergisi. 2020; 1: 62-79.
• 11. Guan W-j, Liang W-h, Zhao Y, et al. Comorbidity and its impact on 190 patients with Covid-19 in China: A nationwide analysis. Eur Rspir J. 2020; 55(5): 2000547.
• 12. Narici M, De Vito G, Franchi M, et al. Impact of sedentarism due to the COVID-19 home confinement on neuromuscular, cardiovascular and metabolic health: Physiological and pathophysiological implications and recommendations for physical and nutritional countermeasures. Eur J Sport Sci. 2020; 1-22.
• 13. Ercan S, Başkurt Z, Başkurt F, et al. Fiziksel inaktivite ve covid-19: İki büyük pandemi. Türk Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020; 3(2): 51-52.
• 14. Bouchard C, Blair SN, Haskell WL. Physical activity and health: Human Kinetics; 2th ed. USA: Humman Kinetics; 2012.
• 15. De Boer MD, Maganaris CN, Seynnes OR, et al. Time course of muscular, neural and tendinous adaptations to 23 day unilateral lower‐limb suspension in young men. J Physiol. 2007; 583(3): 1079-1091.
• 16. Narici MV, Monti E, Franchi M, et al. Early biomarkers of muscle atrophy and of neuromuscular alterations during 10‐day bed rest. The FASEB Journal. 2020; 34(1): 1.
• 17. Nishimune H, Stanford JA, Mori Y. Role of exercise in maintaining the integrity of the neuromuscular junction. Muscle & Nerve. 2014; 49(3): 315-324.
• 18. Adams B, Fidler K, Demoes N, et al. Cardiometabolic thresholds for peak 30-min cadence and steps/day. PloS one. 2019;14(8): 1-14.
• 19. Mattioli AV, Puviani MB, Nasi M, et al. COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of quarantine on cardiovascular risk. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020; 74: 852-855.
• 20. da Silveira MP, da Silva Fagundes KK, Bizuti MR, et al. Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clin Exp Med. 2020: 1-14.
• 21. Sarzi-Puttini P, Giorgi V, Sirotti S, et al. COVID-19, cytokines and immunosuppression: what can we learn from severe acute respiratory syndrome? Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020; 38(2): 337-342.
• 22. Simpson RJ, Campbell JP, Gleeson M, et al. Can exercise affect immune function to increase susceptibility to infection? Exerc Immunol Rev. 2020; 26: 8-22.
• 23. Laddu DR, Lavie CJ, Phillips SA, et al. Physical activity for immunity protection: Inoculating populations with healthy living medicine in preparation for the next pandemic. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2020; 9: S0033-0620(20)30078-5.
• 24. Ferreira GA, Felippe LC, Bertuzzi R, et al. The effects of acute and chronic sprint-interval training on cytokine responses are independent of prior caffeine intake. Front Physiol. 2018; 9: 1-10.
• 25. Leandro CG, Ferreira e Silva WT, Lima-Silva AE. Covid-19 and Exercise-Induced Immunomodulation. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2020; 27(1): 75-78.
• 26. Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Hosseini F. Exercise against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Does workout intensity matter? (A mini review of some indirect evidence related to obesity). Obes. Med. 2020: 100245.