Aşı karşıtlığı ve üstbiliş ilişkisi: Yordayıcı değişkenler ve davranışsal inhibisyon/aktivasyon sisteminin aracı rolü

Year 2024, , 405 - 420, 25.12.2024

Ülkü Tankut Yıldırım , Hanife Merve Çatan , Hasan Demirci

https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.26024438.1325242

Abstract

Aşı karşıtlığı ile ilişkili olan bilişsel süreçlerin tespit edilmesi, atılacak klinik adımların tespiti açısından önem taşımaktadır. Kişinin kendi bilişsel süreci üzerindeki gözü olarak da nitelendirilen üstbiliş süreci, sistemde oluşabilecek sapmalar neticesinde anksiyete ve depresyon gibi görülme sıklığı yüksek psikopatolojilere sebebiyet verebilmektedir. Ödül sinyallerine duyarlılık ile ilişkilendirilen Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sisteminin (DAS) ve ceza sinyallerine duyarlılık ile ilişkilendirilen Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sisteminin (DİS) de depresif belirtiler ve kaygı ile ilişkili semptomlara neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Mevcut araştırmada DİS/DAS, depresyon, anksiyete, üstbiliş ve aşı karşıtlığı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında katılımcılar Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği, Üstbiliş Ölçeği-30, Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği ve Davranışsal Aktivasyon ve Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi Ölçeğini yanıtlamıştır. Üstbiliş Ölçeği toplam skoru ile depresyon, anksiyete, aşı karşıtlığı, davranışsal inhibisyon/aktivasyon toplam skoru ve davranışsal inhibisyon alt ölçeği arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Kurulan regresyon modeli bireylerin aşı karşıtlığı düzeylerinin %5’ini açıklamış, DIS alt ölçeği ve Üstbiliş Ölçeği toplam puanının aşı karşıtlığını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını ortaya koymuştur. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı yordayıcılar ile aracılık modeli test edilmiştir; Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sisteminin (DİS) üstbiliş ve aşı karşıtlığı ilişkisinde kısmi aracılık rolü oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Aşı karşıtlığına dair elde edilen bu yeni modelin dikkate alınmasının hem aşı karşıtlığının ortaya çıkışı hem de devamında rolü olan faktörlere yönelik kapsayıcı ve yenilikçi bir bakış açısı kazandıracağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

aşı karşıtlığı, üstbiliş, DİS, DAS, depresyon, anksiyete

Ethical Statement

Etik Kurul Onayı: Bu çalışma, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hamidiye Bilimsel Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur (Karar No: 22/01; Tarih: 07.01.2021) Çıkar Çatışması Beyanı: Bu makalenin tüm yazarları, makaleye ilişkin herhangi bir çıkar çatışması olmadığı-nı beyan ederler. Onam Formu: Çalışmaya katılan tüm katılımcılardan onam formu alınmıştır.

The relationship between vaccine hesitancy and metacognition: Predictor variables and mediating role of behavioral inhibition/activation system

Abstract

Identifying cognitive processes that have an impact on vaccine hesitancy is essential in terms of determining the clinical steps to be taken. Metacognition process, which is also described as the eye of the person on his/her own cognitive process, can cause widespread psychopathologies such as anxiety and depression due to deviations that may occur in the system. The Behavioral Activation System (BAS) associated with sensitivity to reward signals and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) associated with sensitivity to punishment signals are also known to cause depressive and anxiety-related symptoms. The present study aimed to examine the relationships between BIS/BAS, depression, anxiety, metacognition, and anti-vaccine. Within the scope of the research, the participants answered the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, Metacognition Scale-30, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Scale, and Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition System Scale. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the Metacognition Scale total score and depression, anxiety, vaccine hesitancy, behavioral inhibition/activation total score, and behavioral inhibition subscale. The established regression model explained 5% of the individuals' vaccine hesitancy levels and revealed that the BIS subscale and Metacognition Scale total score predicted the anti-vaccination statistically significantly. The mediation model was tested with statistically significant predictors; it has been determined that the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) partially mediates the relationship between metacognition and vaccine hesitancy. It is assumed that this new model will provide an inclusive and innovative perspective on the emergence of vaccine hesitancy and the influential factors in its continuance.

Keywords

vaccine hesitancy, metacognition, BIS, BAS, depression, anxiety

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Approval: This study was approved by University of Health Sciences Hamidiye Bilimsel Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu (Decision No: 22/01; Date: Jan 7, 2021) Conflict of Interest Statement: All authors of this arti-cle declare that there is no conflict of interest related to the article. Informed Consent: Form Consent forms were obtained from all participants involved in the study.

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