AF64A TARAFINDAN ALZHEİMER BENZERİ DEMANS OLUŞTURULAN RATLARDA BETAİN ve PİPERİNİN ETKİSİ

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 183 - 190, 11.05.2020

Ayhan Vurmaz , Fatih Bozkurt , Mine Dosay Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.579496

Cited By: 3

Abstract

AMAÇ: Demans hastalarının büyük çoğunluğu (yaklaşık %60-70) Alzheimer hastalığı (AH)’ndan muzdariptir. AH’nın ayırt edici patolojik belirtileri senil plaklar (SP'ler), nörofibriler yumaklar (NFTS), ve nörodejenerasyondur. Bu çalışmada; nörolojik anomalileri indükleyen Acetylcholine Mustard Aziridin İon (AF64A)'nın neden olduğu hasar ve bu zararın antioksidan piperin ve betain’nin tedavi edici etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmada; 24 Sprague-Dawley erkek sıçan kullanılmış ve 4 grup oluşturulmuştur: Sağlıklı sıçanlardan oluşan grup 1 (kontrol, n=6); AF64A ile deneysel demans oluşturulan grup 2 (n=6), betain tedavisi yapılan grup 3 (AF64A betain, n=6) ve piperin tedavisi yapılan grup 4 (AF64A piperin, n=6). Hipokampus dokusunda mitojenle aktifleşmiş protein kinaz-1(MAPK-1) mRNA düzeyi, karaciğer ve kan serum örneklerinde Malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri ile karaciğer ve eritrosit örneklerinde redükte glutatyon (GSH) düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. İlaveten, morris su labirent testi kullanılarak davranışsal yönden kaynaklanan farklılıklar süre açısından belirlenmiştir.
BULGULAR: Karaciğer ve eritrositlerdeki en yüksek GSH düzeyleri piperin uygulanan grup 4’de belirlenmiştir (p<0.01). Karaciğer ve plazma MDA düzeyleri bakımından en yüksek sonuçlar grup 2’de ve en düşük sonuçlar grup 4’de kaydedilmiştir (p<0.05). Beyin doku patoloji bulgularında da en iyi sonuçlar piperin uygulanan grupta gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Hipokampüs MAPK-1 mRNA düzeylerinde grup 2’de belirgin artış, grup 4’de ise baskılanma izlenmiştir.
SONUÇ: Belirlenen patolojik, biyokimyasal ve genetik analizler ile davranış testi sonucundaki reaksiyon süresinin uzaması göstermiştir ki, AF64A kullanılması beyin sinir hücresini önemli düzeyde tahrip etmektedir. Fakat özellikle piperin uygulamasının, betainin etkisine kıyasla, tüm negatif işaretlerin kontrol seviyesine getirilmesiyle AF64A’nın hasar verici etkisi üzerinde neredeyse geri dönüşümlü bir etki yarattığı gözlenmiştir. AF64A uygulaması, sıçanlarda önemli düzeyde beyin hasarına yol açarak Alzheimer’a benzer etki yaratmaktadır. Alternatif tedavi kapsamında betain ve piperin uygulamasının AF64A'ün tüm olumsuz sonuçlarını, ki özellikle piperin uygulaması, neredeyse tamamen normal seviyelere indirdiğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, demans ve özellikle AH’nda oksidan etkilerin azaltılmasında ve/veya geriletilmesinde antioksidan özellikteki piperin kullanımının faydalı olabileceği sonucunu işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

AF64A, piperine, betaine

THE EFFECT OF BETAINE AND PIPERINE ON RATS WITH CREATED ALZHEIMER- LIKE DEMENTIA BY AF64A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The great majority of dementia patients (about 60-70%) suffer from Alzheimer disease (AD). The distinctive pathological signs of AD are senile plaques (SPs), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTS), synaptic loss and neurodegeneration. In this study; it is aimed to determine the damage caused by Acetylcholine Mustard Aziridin Ion (AF64A), which induces neurological anomalies, and the therapeutic effect of antioxidant piperine and betaine.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study; 24 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used and 4 groups were formed: Group 1 consisting of healthy rats (control, n = 6); Group 2 (n = 6) with experimental dementia induced by AF64A, group 3 (AF64A betaine, n = 6) treated with betaine and 4 (AF64A piperine, n = 6) treated with piperine. The mRNA levels of mitogen activated protein kinase-1 (MAPK-1) in hippocampus tissue, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver and blood serum samples and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in liver and erythrocyte samples were investigated. In addition, behavioral differences were determined in terms of duration using the morris water maze test.
RESULTS: The highest GSH levels in liver and erythrocytes were determined in piperine-treated group 4 (p <0.01). The highest results were recorded in group 2 and the lowest results were recorded in group 4 (p <0.05) in terms of liver and plasma MDA levels. The best results in brain tissue pathology findings were also observed in the piperine applied group (p <0.05). There was a significant increase in hippocampus MAPK-1 mRNA levels in group 2 whereas a decrease in group 4.
CONCLUSIONS:Determined pathological, biochemical and genetic analyzes beside the longest reaction time in the behavior test result showed that the use of AF64A significantly destroys the brain nerve cell. But especially piperine treatment create almost reversible effect onto AF64A damaging act via bring down all negative signs into control level compare to the betaine effect. AF64A application causes a significant level of brain damage in rats, creating a similar effect to Alzheimer's. As an alternative treatment, it shows that the application of betaine and piperine reduces all the negative consequences of AF64A, especially the application of piperine, to almost completely normal levels. These findings indicate that the use of antioxidant piperine may be beneficial in reducing and/or regressing oxidant effects in dementia and especially in AD.

Keywords

AF64A, piperine, betaine

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