Abstract
Polivinil klorür (PVC), kablo üretiminde yalıtkan olarak kullanılır. Isıl kararlılık ve alev geciktirici özelliğinin geliştirilmesi için çeşitli kimyasallar ilave edilir. Bu çalışmada, PVC’ye farklı derişimlerde hekzagonal bor nitrür (BN) ve kolemanit (C) eriyik karıştırma yöntemiyle eklenmiştir. Formülasyonun PVC kompozitleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. PVC kompozitlerinin ısıl kararlılıkları PVC Thermomat cihazı ile ölçülmüştür. Yanma özelliklerini incelemek için LOI (Limit Oksijen Indeksi) testleri yapılmıştır. Kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri ise çekme testi ile belirlenmiştir. BN ve C’nin PVC’nin ısıl kararlılığına olumlu etkisi olmuştur. Saf PVC 210°C’de 3,74 saat kararlı kalmıştır. BN ve C (stabilizan miktarının %1’i kadar) eklenmesi ile ısıl kararlılıkları sırasıyla 4,16 saat ve 5,50 saate çıkmıştır. BN ve C’nin birlikte kullanıldığı kompozit ise 5,74 saat kararlı kalmıştır. BN ve C ilave edilmiş kompozitin LOI değeri, saf PVC’ye kıyasla belirgin bir değişim göstermemiştir. Kompozitlerin mekanik değerleri kablo üretiminde kullanılabilir limitler içerisindedir. Özetle, PVC’ye BN veya C ilavesinin çeşitli uygulamalarda kullanılmak üzere gelişmiş özelliklere sahip kablolar üretmek için etkili bir teknik olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK TEYDEB 1505 - Üniversite-Sanayi İşbirliği Destek Programı
Project Number
5170024
Thanks
Destekleri için TÜBİTAK' a ve YÖK'e teşekkür ederiz. (Yazar, Özge Kurt YÖK 100/2000 burslu öğrencisidir.)
References
- Atakul, S., 2004, “Synergistic Effect of Zinc Stearate and Natural Zeolite on PVC Thermal Stability”, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir.
- Ay, N., Ay G. M., Göncü Y., 2016, "Environmentally friendly material: Hexagonal boron nitride." Bor Dergisi 1(2): 66-73.
- Baydar, E., 2016, "Farklı dolgu maddeli PVC kompozit malzemelerinin üretimi ve özelliklerinin incelenmesi", Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
- Chen, S., Zheng Q. k., Ye, G. d., Zheng G. k., 2006, "Fire‐retardant properties of the viscose rayon containing alkoxycyclotriphosphazene." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 102(1): 698-702.
- Dogan, M., Dogan, S. D., Savas, L. A., Ozcelik, G., Tayfun, U. 2021, "Flame retardant effect of boron compounds in polymeric materials." Composites Part B: Engineering: 109088.
- Haruna, H., Pekdemir, M. E., Tukur, A., Coşkun, M., 2020, "Characterization, thermal and electrical properties of aminated PVC/oxidized MWCNT composites doped with nanographite." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 139(6): 3887-3895.
- Helvacı, C., 2017, "Borate deposits: An overview and future forecast with regard to mineral deposits." Journal of Boron 2(2): 59-70.
- Horrocks, A. R., Tune M., Cegielka L., 1988, "The burning behaviour of textiles and its assessment by oxygen-index methods." Textile Progress 18(1-3): 1-186.
- Jan, R., Sadiq M., Hussain A., 2017, "Boron nitride-polymer composites: Mechanical properties evaluation at various strain ratios." 2017 14th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST), IEEE.
- John, M. J., 2019, “Chapter 2 - Flammability performance of biocomposites”, Green composites for automotive applications, Koronis, G., Silva A., Woodhead Publishing, 43-28.
- Joni, I. M., Balgis R., Ogi T., Iwaki T., Okuyama K., 2011, "Surface functionalization for dispersing and stabilizing hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle by bead milling." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 388(1-3): 49-58.
- Kaymakçı O., Y. B., 2017, "Flame-Resistant PVC Composition for Refrigerator Door Gasket." WO/2017/211961. Lu, S.-Y., Hamerton I., 2002, "Recent developments in the chemistry of halogen-free flame retardant polymers." Progress in polymer science 27(8): 1661-1712.
- Madakbaş, S., Çakmakçı E., Kahraman M. V., 2013, "Preparation and thermal properties of polyacrylonitrile/hexagonal boron nitride composites." Thermochimica Acta 552: 1-4.
- Pekdemir, M. E., 2020, “Poli (Vinil klorür)/Fe3O4 manyetik nanopartikül kompozitlerinin sentezi, termal ve elektriksel özelliklerinin incelenmesi.” Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(5), 802-809.
- Rudolph, S., 1993, "Composition and application of coatings based on boron nitride." Interceram 42(5): 302-305.
- Sahin, T., 2011, "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Colemanite Filled Polypropylene." KGK. Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe 64(9): 16-21.
- Sang, B., Li, Z. W., Li, X. H., Yu, L. G., Zhang, Z. J., 2017, “Titanate nanotubes decorated graphene oxide nanocomposites: preparation, flame retardancy, and photodegradation.” Nanoscale research letters, 12(1), 1-12.
- Seyhan, A. T., Göncü Y., Durukan O., Akay A., Ay N., 2017, "Silanization of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) through microfluidization and their use for producing thermally conductive and electrically insulating polymer nanocomposites." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 249: 98-107.
- Wang, R.-M., Zheng S.-R., Zheng Y. G., 2011, Polymer matrix composites and technology, Elsevier.
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used as an insulator in cable production. In order to enhance its thermal stability and flame retardant properties various chemicals have been added to PVC. In this study, hexagonal boron nitride (BN) and colemanite (C) at different concentrations were added to PVC to prepare composites by melt compounding method. The effect of formulation on the properties of PVC composites were observed. The thermal stability of PVC composites was determined by using a PVC Thermomat device. LOI (Limiting Oxygen Index) tests were performed to examine combustion characteristics. The mechanical properties of the composites were conducted by tensile tests. BN and C had a positive effect on the thermal stability of PVC. PVC remained stable for 3.74 hours at 210°C. Addition of BN and C (1 wt.% of the amount stabilizer) increased stability time to 4.16 hours, and 5.50 hours, respectively. The composite in which BN and C were used together remained stable for 5.74 hours. LOI value of BN and C added composite did not change noticeably, compared to neat PVC. The mechanical properties of composites remained within acceptable limits for being used in cable production. In brief, addition of BN or C to PVC is an effective technique to produce cables with improved properties for various applications.
Project Number
5170024
References
- Atakul, S., 2004, “Synergistic Effect of Zinc Stearate and Natural Zeolite on PVC Thermal Stability”, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir.
- Ay, N., Ay G. M., Göncü Y., 2016, "Environmentally friendly material: Hexagonal boron nitride." Bor Dergisi 1(2): 66-73.
- Baydar, E., 2016, "Farklı dolgu maddeli PVC kompozit malzemelerinin üretimi ve özelliklerinin incelenmesi", Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
- Chen, S., Zheng Q. k., Ye, G. d., Zheng G. k., 2006, "Fire‐retardant properties of the viscose rayon containing alkoxycyclotriphosphazene." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 102(1): 698-702.
- Dogan, M., Dogan, S. D., Savas, L. A., Ozcelik, G., Tayfun, U. 2021, "Flame retardant effect of boron compounds in polymeric materials." Composites Part B: Engineering: 109088.
- Haruna, H., Pekdemir, M. E., Tukur, A., Coşkun, M., 2020, "Characterization, thermal and electrical properties of aminated PVC/oxidized MWCNT composites doped with nanographite." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 139(6): 3887-3895.
- Helvacı, C., 2017, "Borate deposits: An overview and future forecast with regard to mineral deposits." Journal of Boron 2(2): 59-70.
- Horrocks, A. R., Tune M., Cegielka L., 1988, "The burning behaviour of textiles and its assessment by oxygen-index methods." Textile Progress 18(1-3): 1-186.
- Jan, R., Sadiq M., Hussain A., 2017, "Boron nitride-polymer composites: Mechanical properties evaluation at various strain ratios." 2017 14th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST), IEEE.
- John, M. J., 2019, “Chapter 2 - Flammability performance of biocomposites”, Green composites for automotive applications, Koronis, G., Silva A., Woodhead Publishing, 43-28.
- Joni, I. M., Balgis R., Ogi T., Iwaki T., Okuyama K., 2011, "Surface functionalization for dispersing and stabilizing hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle by bead milling." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 388(1-3): 49-58.
- Kaymakçı O., Y. B., 2017, "Flame-Resistant PVC Composition for Refrigerator Door Gasket." WO/2017/211961. Lu, S.-Y., Hamerton I., 2002, "Recent developments in the chemistry of halogen-free flame retardant polymers." Progress in polymer science 27(8): 1661-1712.
- Madakbaş, S., Çakmakçı E., Kahraman M. V., 2013, "Preparation and thermal properties of polyacrylonitrile/hexagonal boron nitride composites." Thermochimica Acta 552: 1-4.
- Pekdemir, M. E., 2020, “Poli (Vinil klorür)/Fe3O4 manyetik nanopartikül kompozitlerinin sentezi, termal ve elektriksel özelliklerinin incelenmesi.” Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(5), 802-809.
- Rudolph, S., 1993, "Composition and application of coatings based on boron nitride." Interceram 42(5): 302-305.
- Sahin, T., 2011, "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Colemanite Filled Polypropylene." KGK. Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe 64(9): 16-21.
- Sang, B., Li, Z. W., Li, X. H., Yu, L. G., Zhang, Z. J., 2017, “Titanate nanotubes decorated graphene oxide nanocomposites: preparation, flame retardancy, and photodegradation.” Nanoscale research letters, 12(1), 1-12.
- Seyhan, A. T., Göncü Y., Durukan O., Akay A., Ay N., 2017, "Silanization of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) through microfluidization and their use for producing thermally conductive and electrically insulating polymer nanocomposites." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 249: 98-107.
- Wang, R.-M., Zheng S.-R., Zheng Y. G., 2011, Polymer matrix composites and technology, Elsevier.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 5170024 |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2021 |
| Submission Date | August 16, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | December 28, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 9 |
