Research Article
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Playing The Musical Repetition: Cognitive and Aesthetic Effects Created Through Performance

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 72 - 82, 11.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1358070

Abstract

Repetition is one of the fundamental building blocks of music and has the power to profoundly shape musical structure, perception, comprehension, and aesthetic experience. However, it seems that the interpretive possibilities offered by repetition have not received due attention from the perspective of performance practice. This article is written to emphasize the importance and potential of the phenomenon of repetition in music, specifically from the perspective of interpretation. Based on the current findings and arguments in literature, this study examines the phenomenon of repetition through the lens of performance practice, limiting the discussion specifically to the interpretation of repetitive passages within musical works. The article focuses on three primary parameters that determine the possible differentiations during the performance of a repetition: micro-timing, dynamics, and articulation. Accordingly, relevant performance analysis studies and various cognitive research from current literature are scrutinized. How performers approach the phenomenon of repetition and interpret repeating passages is discussed; the cognitive effects of these interpretive choices on listeners and the aesthetic influences shaping the perception of the piece are evaluated. In conclusion, it is argued that repetition possesses an often-unnoticed potential in the art of performance, and using this potential will lead to more effective interpretations.

References

  • Carr, N. R., Olsen, K. N. ve Thompson, W. F. (2023). The perceptual and emotional consequences of articulation in music. Music Perception, 40(3), 202-219. google scholar
  • Chopin, F. (1878). Polonaise, Op. 40, No. 1, A-durr. In Friedrich Chopin’s Werke: Band V: Polonaisen für das Pianoforte, s. 12-15. Leipzig: Verlag von Breitkopf und Hartel, google scholar
  • Cone, E. T. (1968). Musical Form and Musical Performance. New York: W. W. Norton. google scholar
  • Çöloğlu, M. E. (2013). Debussy’nin orkestra yapıtlarında tekrar öğesi ve gelişen çeşitleme ilkesine alternatif parça bütün tasarımları. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, İstanbul. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (1987). Once Again: The Theme from Mozart’s Piano Sonata in A Major (K. 331), A Comparison of Five Performances. Action and Perception in Rhythm and Music, 55, s. 81-103. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (1999). The Performance of Music. D. Deutsch (Ed.), In The psychology of music (2nd ed., s. 501-602). San Diego: Academic Press. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (2005). Timing in Music Performance and its Relations to Music Experience. J. A. Sloboda (Ed.), Generative Processes in Music: The Psychology of Performance, Improvisation, and Composition, s. 27-51. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Gjerdingen, R. O. (2007). Music in the Galant style. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Huron, D. (2013). A Psychological Approach to Musical Form: The Habituation-Fluency Theory of Repetition. Current Musicology, (96), s. 7-35. google scholar
  • Julien, O. ve Levaux, C. (Ed.). (2018). Over and over: Exploring repetition in popular music. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing Inc. Karadeniz, İ. (2021). Müzik performansı analizinde kıyaslamalı değerlendirme ve yorumda estetik arayışı. Konservatoryum, 8(2), s. 149-177. Kivy, P. (1993). The fine art of repetition: essays in the philosophy of music. New York: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Margulis, E. H. (2014a). On repeat: How music plays the mind. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Margulis, E. H. (2014b). Verbatim Repetition and Musical Engagement. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind & Brain, 24(2), s. 157-163. google scholar
  • Nettl, B. (2015). The study of ethnomusicology: Thirty-three discussions. Springfield: University of Illinois Press. google scholar
  • Ockelford, A. (2005). Repetition in music: Theoretical and metatheoretical perspectives. New York: Ashgate Publishing Limited. google scholar
  • Philip, R. (2004). Performing Music in the Age of Recording. New Haven: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Repp, B. H. (1990). Patterns of expressive timing in performances of a Beethoven minuet by nineteen famous pianists. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 88(2), 622-641. google scholar
  • Repp, B. H. (1992). Diversity and Commonality in Music Performance: An Analysis of Timing Microstructure in Schumann’s ‘“Traumerei”’. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 92(5), 2546-2568. google scholar
  • Schoenberg, A. (1987). Fundamentals of Musical Composition. (G. Strang ve L. Stein, Ed.). London: Faber and Faber. google scholar
  • Seashore, C. E. (1938). Psychology of Music. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. google scholar
  • Shaffer, L. H. (1984). Timing in Solo and Duet Piano Performances. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 36(4), 577-595. google scholar
  • Shaffer, L. H. (1995). Musical performance as interpretation. Psychology of Music, 23(1), 17-38. google scholar
  • Smyth, D. (1993). “Balanced Interruption” and the Formal Repeat. Music Theory Spectrum, 15(1), 76-88. google scholar
  • Stambaugh, J. (1964). Music as a Temporal Form. The Journal of Philosophy, 61(9), 265-280. google scholar
  • Taher, C., Rusch, R. ve McAdams, S. (2016). Effects of Repetition on Attention in Two-Part Counterpoint. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 33(3), 306-318. google scholar
  • Tanburi Abdi Coşkun (1989) Hüseyni Saz Semaisi [Ses kaydı]. Tanbur Taksimleri [albüm]. Kalite Ticaret Plak ve Kasetçilik. google scholar
  • Türk müzik kültürünün hafızası projesi. (t.y.). Türk sanat müziği nota arşivi, Erişim Adresi: http://www.sanatmuziginotalari.com/default.asp google scholar

Müzikte Tekrarın İcrası: Performansla Yaratılan Bilişsel ve Estetik Etkiler

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 72 - 82, 11.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1358070

Abstract

Tekrar, müziğin temel yapı taşlarından biri olup, müzikal yapıyı, algıyı, kavrayışı ve estetik deneyimi derinden şekillendirme gücüne sahiptir. Ancak icra pratiği açısından, tekrarın sunduğu yorumlama olanaklarına hak ettiği kadar ilgi gösterilmediği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makale, müzikteki tekrar olgusunun özellikle yorumculuk açısından taşıdığı önemi ve potansiyeli vurgulamak amacıyla yazılmıştır. Güncel literatürdeki bulgu ve tartışmaların incelendiği bu çalışmada tekrar olgusu müzik performansı ekseninde ele alınmış ve tartışmalar, özellikle eser içi tekrarların yorumu ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Makalede, müzikal bir pasajın yinelenmesi sırasında ortaya çıkabilecek olası farklılaşmaları yaratan üç temel parametre (mikro-zamanlama, dinamikler ve artikülasyon tercihleri) üzerine odaklanılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, güncel literatürdeki performans analizi çalışmaları ve çeşitli bilişsel araştırmalar mercek altına alınmış, icracıların tekrar olgusuna nasıl yaklaştıkları ve tekrarlayan pasajları nasıl yorumladıkları tartışılmış, söz konusu yorum tercihlerinin dinleyiciler üzerindeki bilişsel etkileri ve eserin algılanışını şekillendiren estetik etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak tekrarın, icra sanatında çoğu zaman fark edilmeyen bir potansiyele sahip olduğu; bu potansiyelin değerlendirilmesinin ise daha etkili yorumların üretilmesini sağlayacağı savunulmaktadır.

References

  • Carr, N. R., Olsen, K. N. ve Thompson, W. F. (2023). The perceptual and emotional consequences of articulation in music. Music Perception, 40(3), 202-219. google scholar
  • Chopin, F. (1878). Polonaise, Op. 40, No. 1, A-durr. In Friedrich Chopin’s Werke: Band V: Polonaisen für das Pianoforte, s. 12-15. Leipzig: Verlag von Breitkopf und Hartel, google scholar
  • Cone, E. T. (1968). Musical Form and Musical Performance. New York: W. W. Norton. google scholar
  • Çöloğlu, M. E. (2013). Debussy’nin orkestra yapıtlarında tekrar öğesi ve gelişen çeşitleme ilkesine alternatif parça bütün tasarımları. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, İstanbul. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (1987). Once Again: The Theme from Mozart’s Piano Sonata in A Major (K. 331), A Comparison of Five Performances. Action and Perception in Rhythm and Music, 55, s. 81-103. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (1999). The Performance of Music. D. Deutsch (Ed.), In The psychology of music (2nd ed., s. 501-602). San Diego: Academic Press. google scholar
  • Gabrielsson, A. (2005). Timing in Music Performance and its Relations to Music Experience. J. A. Sloboda (Ed.), Generative Processes in Music: The Psychology of Performance, Improvisation, and Composition, s. 27-51. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Gjerdingen, R. O. (2007). Music in the Galant style. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Huron, D. (2013). A Psychological Approach to Musical Form: The Habituation-Fluency Theory of Repetition. Current Musicology, (96), s. 7-35. google scholar
  • Julien, O. ve Levaux, C. (Ed.). (2018). Over and over: Exploring repetition in popular music. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing Inc. Karadeniz, İ. (2021). Müzik performansı analizinde kıyaslamalı değerlendirme ve yorumda estetik arayışı. Konservatoryum, 8(2), s. 149-177. Kivy, P. (1993). The fine art of repetition: essays in the philosophy of music. New York: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Margulis, E. H. (2014a). On repeat: How music plays the mind. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Margulis, E. H. (2014b). Verbatim Repetition and Musical Engagement. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind & Brain, 24(2), s. 157-163. google scholar
  • Nettl, B. (2015). The study of ethnomusicology: Thirty-three discussions. Springfield: University of Illinois Press. google scholar
  • Ockelford, A. (2005). Repetition in music: Theoretical and metatheoretical perspectives. New York: Ashgate Publishing Limited. google scholar
  • Philip, R. (2004). Performing Music in the Age of Recording. New Haven: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Repp, B. H. (1990). Patterns of expressive timing in performances of a Beethoven minuet by nineteen famous pianists. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 88(2), 622-641. google scholar
  • Repp, B. H. (1992). Diversity and Commonality in Music Performance: An Analysis of Timing Microstructure in Schumann’s ‘“Traumerei”’. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 92(5), 2546-2568. google scholar
  • Schoenberg, A. (1987). Fundamentals of Musical Composition. (G. Strang ve L. Stein, Ed.). London: Faber and Faber. google scholar
  • Seashore, C. E. (1938). Psychology of Music. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. google scholar
  • Shaffer, L. H. (1984). Timing in Solo and Duet Piano Performances. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 36(4), 577-595. google scholar
  • Shaffer, L. H. (1995). Musical performance as interpretation. Psychology of Music, 23(1), 17-38. google scholar
  • Smyth, D. (1993). “Balanced Interruption” and the Formal Repeat. Music Theory Spectrum, 15(1), 76-88. google scholar
  • Stambaugh, J. (1964). Music as a Temporal Form. The Journal of Philosophy, 61(9), 265-280. google scholar
  • Taher, C., Rusch, R. ve McAdams, S. (2016). Effects of Repetition on Attention in Two-Part Counterpoint. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 33(3), 306-318. google scholar
  • Tanburi Abdi Coşkun (1989) Hüseyni Saz Semaisi [Ses kaydı]. Tanbur Taksimleri [albüm]. Kalite Ticaret Plak ve Kasetçilik. google scholar
  • Türk müzik kültürünün hafızası projesi. (t.y.). Türk sanat müziği nota arşivi, Erişim Adresi: http://www.sanatmuziginotalari.com/default.asp google scholar
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Music (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ferhat Çaylı 0000-0003-0511-6208

Publication Date December 11, 2023
Submission Date September 10, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çaylı, F. (2023). Müzikte Tekrarın İcrası: Performansla Yaratılan Bilişsel ve Estetik Etkiler. Konservatoryum, 10(2), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1358070