TIBBİ, RUHSAL VE DAVRANIŞSAL (KLİNİK) DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE MAHPUSLARIN İNTİHAR OLASILIKLARI

Year 2019, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 86 - 100, 29.08.2019

Ezgi Yaman

Abstract

GİRİŞ:
İntihar, küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunu olmasının
yanı sıra cezaevlerinde ve kapalı kurumlarda sık rastlanan bir durum olarak
karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Kocaeli 1 No.lu T
Tipi Kapalı Ceza İnfaz Kurumu’nda kalan yetişkin erkek mahpusların tıbbi,
ruhsal ve davranışsal (klinik) özelliklerinin intihar olasılıkları üzerindeki
etkilerini incelemektir. YÖNTEM: Araştırmanın örneklemini, Kocaeli 1
No.lu T Tipi Kapalı Ceza İnfaz Kurumu’nda kalan ve araştırmaya katılmaya
gönüllü olan 508 yetişkin erkek mahpus oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler
‘İntihar Olasılığı Ölçeği’ ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan ‘Kişisel Bilgi
Formu’ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın istatistiksel değerlendirmesinde bağımsız
örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), çoklu karşılaştırmalar
için Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. BULGULAR:
Elde edilen bulgulara göre örneklemin çoğunluğu (n=375; %74) hükümlülerden
oluşmaktadır. Faça atma davranışı gösteren ve dövme yaptırmış olan, bağımlılık
yapıcı madde kullanan, bir psikolog ya da psikiyatriste gitmiş olan, tanısı
konmuş bir psikiyatrik hastalığı olan, kronik bir hastalığı bulunan, kendine
fiziksel olarak zarar veren, daha önce intihar girişiminde bulunmuş olan
mahpusların intihar olasılıklarının diğerlerinden daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.
SONUÇ: Hapishanelerin amacı,
bireyleri topluma kazandırmaktır. Kapatılmanın verdiği zararın ne kadar büyük
olduğu akılda tutularak bunu en aza indirecek önlem ve hizmetlerin artırılması,
bireylere insanın onuruna yaraşır bir yaşam olanağı sağlanması önemlidir. Bu
nedenle klinik anlamda tüm koşullar iyileştirilerek hapishanelerde intihar
riski azaltılmaya çalışılmalıdır.

Keywords

Hapishane, intihar, intihar olasılığı, mahpus, hükümlü, ruh sağlığı

SUICIDE PROBABILITY OF INMATES ACCORDING TO MEDICAL, MENTAL AND BEHAVIOURAL (CLINICAL) VARIABLES

Abstract

Introduction:
In addition to being a global public health problem, suicide is a common issue
in prisons and closed institutions. The main purpose of this study is to
investigate the effects of medical, psychological and behavioural (clinical)
characteristics of adult male inmates in the Kocaeli T-Type Closed Prison on
suicide probabilities. METHODS: The study
sample consisted of 508 adult male prisoners who were staying in the T-Type
Closed Prison of Kocaeli No. 1 and who were willing to participate in the
study. The data were collected with the ’Suicide Probability Scale and Personal
Information Form developed by the researcher. Independent sample t-test and
one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test for multiple comparisons
were used in the statistical evaluation of the study. According to the
findings, the majority of the sample (n = 375; 74%) were convicts. RESULTS: Inmates who exhibited self-harm
behaviour, who had tattooing, who used addictive substances, who had gone to a
psychologist or a psychiatrist before imprisonment, who were diagnosed with a
psychiatric disorder, have a chronic disease, previously attempted to commit
suicide, were found to have higher probability rates for suicide. The findings are
discussed in light of the literature and some suggestions are made. CONCLUSION: In
conclusion, in order to reduce the risk of suicides in prisons, suicide risk
evaluation studies should be conducted, developed and a decent living
environment should be provided. For this reason, within the frame of the right
to health, more specialised and easily accessible services should be provided
to inmates who have special needs (substance addiction treatment programmes,
more developed healthcare services concerning psychiatric and chronic
illnesses).

Keywords

Prison, inmate, prisoner, suicide, suicide probability, mental health

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